Delivering scheduled and unscheduled therapy without detriment to battery life or accuracy of longevity predictions

• US 9,421,355 B2
• Filed: 10/15/2014
• Issued: 08/23/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 04/28/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: LivaNova USA, Inc. (LivaNova Plc)
• Original Assignee: Cyberonics, Inc
• Inventors: Colborn, John C.
• Primary Examiner(s): FAIRCHILD, MALLIKA DIPAYAN
• Application Number:
  US14/514,973
• Publication Number:
  US 20150032189A1
• Time in Patent Office: 678 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/025 Digital circuitry features of electrotherapy devices, e.g. memory, clocks, processors
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36114 Cardiac control, e.g. by vagal stimulation stimulating the heart A61N1/362
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/378 Electrical supply

Abstract

A method comprises applying a first open-loop electrical signal to a neural structure at a first rate. The method also comprises applying a closed-loop electrical signal to the neural structure in response to an event detection, thus causing an overall rate at which electrical stimulation is applied to the neural structure to exceed the first rate. The method further comprises applying a second open-loop electrical signal to a neural structure at a second rate that is lower than the first rate, thus causing the overall rate to be reduced to the first rate.

Claims

1. A method, comprising:

applying a first electrical signal to a neural structure at a first charge delivery rate according to a predefined pattern;

detecting an event;

applying a second electrical signal to the neural structure in response to detecting the event, thus applying a combined electrical signal comprising the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to the neural structure, the combined electrical signal having a combined charge delivery rate exceeding the first charge delivery rate; and

in response to applying the second electrical signal, modifying a portion of the predefined pattern of the first electrical signal to generate a modified first electrical signal and applying the modified first electrical signal to the neural structure, the modified first electrical signal having a second charge delivery rate that is lower than the first charge delivery rate, thus causing said combined charge delivery rate to approach the first charge delivery rate.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said first electrical signal comprises a plurality of electrical pulse bursts having a duration defined by a first programmed on-time, and separated by a first programmed off-time, and wherein applying said modified first electrical signal to said neural structure at the second charge delivery rate comprises waiting for an amount of time sufficient to cause said combined charge delivery rate to equal said first charge delivery rate between said application of the second electrical signal and resuming delivery of said first electrical signal.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein said first electrical signal comprises a plurality of programmed electrical pulse bursts having a duration defined by a first programmed on-time, and separated by a first programmed off-time, and wherein applying said modified first electrical signal to said neural structure according to the second charge delivery rate comprises skipping the next programmed pulse burst of said first electrical signal after said application of the second electrical signal.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said first electrical signal comprises a plurality of pulse bursts separated by a first programmed off-time period, and said modified first electrical signal comprises at least one pulse burst followed by a second off-time period, said method further comprising:

determining an early intervention time associated with applying the second electrical signal to said neural structure, said early intervention time comprising a difference between the first programmed off-time period and an actual off-time elapsed at a time of applying the second electrical signal to the neural structure; and

wherein said second off-time period is determined by adding at least a portion of said early intervention time to said first programmed off-time period.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising adding at least a portion of said difference to multiple off-cycles following said application of the second electrical signal.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein said first electrical signal comprises a plurality of electrical pulse bursts having a duration defined by a first on-time, and separated by a first programmed off-time, wherein applying said modified first electrical signal to said neural structure comprises delivering n electrical pulse bursts after application of said second electrical signal and wherein said n electrical pulse bursts are defined by a second on-time less than said first on-time.

7. A method, comprising:

applying a first electrical signal to a neural structure at a first charge delivery rate according to a predefined pattern;

detecting an event;

applying a second electrical signal to the neural structure in response to detecting the event, thus applying a combined electrical signal comprising the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to the neural structure, the combined electrical signal having a combined charge delivery rate exceeding the first charge delivery rate; and

in response to applying the second electrical signal, applying a third electrical signal to the neural structure, the third electrical signal having a second charge delivery rate that is lower than the first charge delivery rate, thus causing a modified combined charge delivery rate of a combination of the second electrical signal and the third electrical signal to approach the first charge delivery rate.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein said first electrical signal comprises a plurality of electrical pulse bursts having a duration defined by a first programmed on-time, and separated by a first programmed off-time,

and wherein applying said third electrical signal to said neural structure at the second charge delivery rate comprises waiting for an amount of time sufficient to cause said modified combined charge delivery rate to equal said first charge delivery rate between said application of the second electrical signal and resuming delivery of said first electrical signal.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein said first electrical signal comprises a plurality of programmed electrical pulse bursts having a duration defined by a first programmed on-time, and separated by a first programmed off-time, and

wherein applying said third electrical signal to said neural structure according to the second charge delivery rate comprises skipping the next programmed pulse burst of said first electrical signal after said application of the second electrical signal.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein said first electrical signal comprises a plurality of pulse bursts separated by a first programmed off-time period, and said second electrical signal comprises at least one pulse burst followed by a second off-time period, said method further comprising:

determining an early intervention time associated with applying the second electrical signal to said neural structure, said early intervention time comprising a difference between the first programmed off-time period and an actual off-time elapsed at a time of applying the second electrical signal to the neural structure; and

wherein said second off-time period is determined by adding at least a portion of said early intervention time to said first programmed off-time period.

11. The method of claim 10, further comprising adding at least a portion of said difference to multiple off-cycles following said application of the second electrical signal.

12. The method of claim 7, wherein said first electrical signal comprises a plurality of electrical pulse bursts having a duration defined by a first on-time, and separated by a first programmed off-time, wherein applying said third electrical signal to said neural structure comprises delivering n electrical pulse bursts after application of said second electrical signal;

and

wherein said n electrical pulse bursts are defined by a second on-time less than said first on-time.

13. A method, comprising:

applying a first electrical signal to a neural structure at a first charge delivery rate according to a predefined pattern;

applying a second electrical signal to the neural structure, thus applying a combined electrical signal comprising the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to the neural structure, the combined electrical signal having a combined charge delivery rate exceeding the first charge delivery rate; and

in response to applying the second electrical signal, applying a third electrical signal to the neural structure, the third electrical signal having a second charge delivery rate that is lower than the first charge delivery rate, thus causing a modified combined charge delivery rate of a combination of the second electrical signal and the third electrical signal to approach the first charge delivery rate.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein said first electrical signal comprises a plurality of electrical pulse bursts having a duration defined by a first programmed on-time, and separated by a first programmed off-time,

and wherein applying said third electrical signal to said neural structure at the second charge delivery rate comprises waiting for an amount of time sufficient to cause said modified combined charge delivery rate to equal said first charge delivery rate between said application of the second electrical signal and resuming delivery of said first electrical signal.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein said first electrical signal comprises a plurality of programmed electrical pulse bursts having a duration defined by a first programmed on-time, and separated by a first programmed off-time, and

wherein applying said third electrical signal to said neural structure according to the second charge delivery rate comprises skipping the next programmed pulse burst of said first electrical signal after said application of the second electrical signal.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein said first electrical signal comprises of plurality of pulse bursts separated by a first programmed off-time period, and said second electrical signal comprises at least one pulse burst followed by a second off-time period, said method further comprising:

determining an early intervention time associated with applying the second electrical signal to said neural structure, said early intervention time comprising a difference between the first programmed off-time period and an actual off-time elapsed at a time of applying the second electrical signal to the neural structure; and

wherein said second off-time period is determined by adding at least a portion of said early intervention time to said first programmed off-time period.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising adding at least a portion of said difference to multiple off-cycles following said application of the second electrical signal.

18. The method of claim 13, wherein said first electrical signal comprises a plurality of electrical pulse bursts having a duration defined by a first on-time, and separated by a first programmed off-time, wherein applying said third electrical signal to said neural structure comprises delivering n electrical pulse bursts after application of said second electrical signal;

and wherein said n electrical pulse bursts are defined by a second on-time less than said first on-time.