Battery cell scanning systems and methods

• US 9,459,325 B2
• Filed: 12/06/2013
• Issued: 10/04/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 02/22/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Inventors: Calderon, Edgar P., Rushlow, Gregory J., Hanchett, Hayley, Cravener, Jack
• Primary Examiner(s): Berhanu, Samuel
• Application Number:
  US14/099,640
• Publication Number:
  US 20140239965A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,033 Days
• Field of Search: 324/426, 324433-434
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/385 Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables for monitoring G01R31/382
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/396 Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

Systems and methods for scanning a battery cell to identify internal faults are disclosed. In certain embodiments, a method for scanning a battery cell for faults may comprise generating an input signal across first and second charge plates disposed on each side of the battery cell. An open circuit voltage of the battery cell generated in response to the input signal may be measured. The measured open circuit voltage may be compared with a reference signal associated with a reference battery cell having no faults. Based on the comparison, a fault and/or a possible fault within the battery cell being scanned may be identified.

Claims

1. A method for identifying a fault in a battery cell, the method comprising:

generating an input signal across a first and a second charge plate, the first charge plate being disposed on a first side of the battery cell and the second charge plate being disposed on a second side of the battery cell, the input signal comprising a swept frequency input signal;

measuring an open circuit voltage of the battery cell;

comparing the measured open circuit voltage with a reference signal, wherein the comparing further comprises;

generating a differential measurement signal based on the measured open circuit voltage and the reference signal, and

determining whether the differential measurement signal exhibits destructive interference at a frequency associated with the reference signal; and

identifying whether the battery cell has a fault based on the determination.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the reference signal comprises an open circuit voltage signal associated with a reference battery cell.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the open circuit voltage signal associated with the reference battery cell comprises an open circuit voltage signal measured from the reference battery cell without faults exposed to ambient noise.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the differential measurement signal exhibits destructive interference comprises determining that the differential measurement signal exhibits destructive interference at the frequency associated with the reference signal, and identifying whether the battery cell has a fault comprises identifying that the battery cell does not have a fault based on the determination.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the differential measurement signal exhibits destructive interference comprises determining that the differential measurement signal does not exhibit destructive interference at the frequency associated with the reference signal, and identifying whether the battery cell has a fault based comprises identifying that the battery cell has a fault based on the determination.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying whether the battery cell has a fault comprises identifying whether the battery cell has debris within the battery cell.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:

applying a load across terminals of the battery cell before generating the input signal.

8. A battery cell diagnostic system comprising:

a function generator configured to generate an input signal comprising a swept frequency input signal across a first and a second charge plate, the first charge plate being disposed on a first side of a battery cell and the second charge plate being disposed on a second side of the battery cell;

a data acquisition system configured to measure an open circuit voltage of the battery cell; and

a control system communicatively coupled to the data acquisition system and the function generator configured to control the operation of the data acquisition system and the function generator and to;

compare the measured open circuit voltage with a reference signal, wherein the comparing further comprises;

generating a differential measurement signal based on the measured open circuit voltage and the reference signal,

determining whether the differential measurement signal exhibits destructive interference at a frequency associated with the reference signal, and

identify whether the battery cell has a fault based on the comparison.

9. The battery cell diagnostic system of claim 8, wherein the reference signal comprises an open circuit voltage signal associated with a reference battery cell.

10. The battery cell diagnostic system of claim 9, wherein the open circuit voltage signal associated with the reference battery cell comprises an open circuit voltage signal measured from the reference battery cell without faults exposed to ambient noise.

11. The battery cell diagnostic system of claim 8, wherein determining whether the differential measurement signal exhibits destructive interference comprises determining that the differential measurement signal exhibits destructive interference at the frequency associated with the reference signal, and identifying whether the battery cell has a fault comprises identifying that the battery cell does not have a fault based on the determination.

12. The battery cell diagnostic system of claim 8, wherein determining whether the differential measurement signal exhibits destructive interference comprises determining that the differential measurement signal does not exhibit destructive interference at the frequency associated with the reference signal, and identifying whether the battery cell has a fault comprises identifying that the battery cell has a fault based on the determination.

13. The battery cell diagnostic system of claim 8, wherein identifying whether the battery cell has a fault comprises identifying whether the battery cell has debris within the battery cell.

14. The battery cell diagnostic system of claim 8, wherein the control system is further configured to apply a load across terminals of the battery cell before generating the input signal.