Method and apparatus for tracking a patient
First Claim
1. A system for tracking a patient comprising:
- a display;
a first reference frame adapted to be coupled to a first portion of an anatomical structure;
a second reference frame adapted to be coupled to a second portion of the anatomical structure, the second reference frame positioned substantially vertically opposite the first reference frame during the tracking of the patient;
a first tracking device coupled to the first reference frame;
a second tracking device coupled to the second reference frame;
a tracking system configured to track respective positions of the first tracking device and the second tracking device to ensure that a position of the first reference frame relative to the anatomical structure is substantially the same during a surgical procedure, anda navigation system configured to determine respective positions of the first reference frame and the second reference frame during the surgical procedure based on the respective tracked positions of the first tracking device and the second tracking device,wherein the navigation system determines if the position of the first reference frame has changed more than a predetermined amount relative to the first portion of the anatomical structure by determining a change in a difference in relative location of the first reference frame and the location of the second reference frame during the surgical procedure, andwherein the navigation system determines that the difference has changed if a location of a user-defined point on a vector drawn between the respective positions of the first reference frame and the second reference frame superimposed on a displayed image of the anatomical structure on the display is outside of a user-selected boundary volume defined on the image.
1 Assignment
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A system for tracking a patient is provided. The system can include a first reference frame coupled to a first portion of an anatomical structure. The system can include a second reference frame, which can be coupled to a second portion of the anatomical structure. The system can also include a first tracking device coupled to the first reference frame and a second tracking device coupled to the second reference frame. The system can also include a tracking system that can track a position of the first tracking device and the second tracking device to ensure that the position of the first reference frame relative to the anatomical structure is substantially the same throughout a surgical procedure.
15 Citations
28 Claims
-
1. A system for tracking a patient comprising:
-
a display; a first reference frame adapted to be coupled to a first portion of an anatomical structure; a second reference frame adapted to be coupled to a second portion of the anatomical structure, the second reference frame positioned substantially vertically opposite the first reference frame during the tracking of the patient; a first tracking device coupled to the first reference frame; a second tracking device coupled to the second reference frame; a tracking system configured to track respective positions of the first tracking device and the second tracking device to ensure that a position of the first reference frame relative to the anatomical structure is substantially the same during a surgical procedure, and a navigation system configured to determine respective positions of the first reference frame and the second reference frame during the surgical procedure based on the respective tracked positions of the first tracking device and the second tracking device, wherein the navigation system determines if the position of the first reference frame has changed more than a predetermined amount relative to the first portion of the anatomical structure by determining a change in a difference in relative location of the first reference frame and the location of the second reference frame during the surgical procedure, and wherein the navigation system determines that the difference has changed if a location of a user-defined point on a vector drawn between the respective positions of the first reference frame and the second reference frame superimposed on a displayed image of the anatomical structure on the display is outside of a user-selected boundary volume defined on the image. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
-
-
14. A system for tracking a patient comprising:
-
a display; a first reference frame adapted to be coupled to a first portion of an anatomical structure; a second reference frame adapted to be coupled to a second portion of the anatomical structure, the second reference frame positioned substantially vertically opposite the first reference frame during the tracking of the patient; a first tracking device coupled to the first reference frame; a second tracking device coupled to the second reference frame; a tracking system configured to track a position of first tracking device and the second tracking device to ensure that the position of the first reference frame relative to the anatomical structure is substantially the same during a surgical procedure, and a navigation system configured to determine respective positions of the first reference frame and the second reference frame during the surgical procedure based on the respective tracked positions of the first tracking device and the second tracking device, wherein the navigation system determines if the position of the first reference frame has changed more than a predetermined amount relative to the first portion of the anatomical structure by determining a change in a difference in relative location of the first reference frame and the location of the second reference frame during the surgical procedure, and wherein the navigation system determines that the difference has changed if a length, an angle or combination thereof of a vector drawn between the first reference frame and the second reference frame superimposed on a displayed image of the anatomical structure on the display has changed and the positions of both of the first reference frame and the second reference frame have changed.
-
-
15. A method for tracking a patient comprising:
-
coupling a first reference frame to a first portion of an outer surface defined by an anatomical structure, the first reference frame including a first tracking device; coupling a second reference frame to a second portion of the outer surface defined by the anatomical structure opposite the first reference frame such that a normal vector from the second reference frame extends substantially towards the first reference frame during the tracking of the patient, the second reference frame including a second tracking device; tracking a position of the first tracking device of the first reference frame and the second tracking device of the second reference frame; and determining if the first reference frame has moved more than a predetermined amount relative to the first portion of the anatomical structure by; determining a location of the first reference frame and the second reference frame based on the tracking of the first reference frame and the second reference frame; drawing a vector between superimposed determined locations of the first reference frame and the second reference frame on a displayed image on a display; and determining if a difference between the location of the first reference frame and the location of the second reference frame has changed during the surgical procedure based upon the vector defined in the image. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
-
-
25. A system for tracking a patient comprising:
-
a first reference frame adapted to be coupled to a first portion of an outer surface defined by an anatomical structure of the patient; a second reference frame adapted to be coupled to a second portion of the outer surface defined by the anatomical structure, the second reference frame coupled substantially opposite the first reference frame such that the first reference frame and the second reference frame are positioned at opposite ends of a transverse plane defined through the outer surface during the tracking of the patient; a first tracking device coupled to the first reference frame; a second tracking device coupled to the second reference frame; a tracking system configured to track respective locations of the first tracking device and the second tracking device; a navigation system configured to determine respective locations of the first reference frame and the second reference frame based on the tracking of the first tracking device and the second tracking device; and a display that displays an image of the anatomical structure, wherein the navigation system determines if the image displayed is accurate by determining if a difference existing between the location of the first reference frame and the location of the second reference frame changes more than a predetermined amount, wherein the navigation system determines that the difference has changed if a length, an angle or combination thereof of a vector drawn between the respective locations of the first reference frame and the second reference frame has changed, the location of one of the first reference frame and the second reference frame superimposed on the displayed image has changed and the change in the length, angle or combination thereof does not fall in a cyclical pattern. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28)
-
Specification