Circuit configuration having a resonant converter, and method for operating a resonant converter

• US 9,608,530 B2
• Filed: 04/30/2014
• Issued: 03/28/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 04/30/2013
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Siemens AG
• Original Assignee: Siemens AG
• Inventors: Mueller, Glenn, Rupf, Stephan
• Primary Examiner(s): Berhanu, Samuel
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kebede, Tessema
• Application Number:
  US14/265,565
• Publication Number:
  US 20140321169A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,063 Days
• Field of Search: 363/21.02
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/526 Operating parameters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/527 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/529 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/147 electro magnetic [EMI]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0023 Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0069 relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/04 Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions protective devices and circuit arrangements in general H01H; H02H
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/52 characterised by DC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/22 Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/12 responding to state of charge [SoC]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00304 Overcurrent protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00712 the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33515 with digital control
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

A circuit configuration contains a resonant converter feeding energy into a primary winding of a transformer, a control circuit for controlling the resonant converter and a plurality of modules. The modules include a frequency generator controllable with variable frequency, a short circuit monitoring unit configured to protect components of the resonant converter, and an open circuit detection unit. The open circuit detection unit is configured to shut down the resonant converter if a secondary side interacting with the primary winding of the transformer is open circuit, without having information from the secondary side.

Claims

1. A circuit configuration, comprising:

a primary winding of a transformer;

a resonant converter feeding energy into said primary winding of said transformer;

a control circuit for controlling said resonant converter and having a plurality of modules, said plurality of modules including;

a frequency generator controllable with a variable frequency;

a short circuit monitoring unit for protecting components of said resonant converter; and

an open circuit detection unit, said open circuit detection unit shutting down said resonant converter if a secondary side interacting with said primary winding of said transformer is open circuit, without feedback from the secondary side, said open circuit detection unit having a cascaded sample-and-hold circuit, said open circuit detection unit having a comparator and a flip-flop connected downstream of said cascaded sample-and-hold circuit;

a controller having an input and provided for controlling said resonant converter, said cascaded sample-and-hold circuit having an output side connected to said input of said controller; and

a gate driver having an input and provided for injecting power into said primary winding of said transformer, said flip-flop having an output directly connected to said input of said gate driver;

said cascaded sample-and-hold circuit having an output providing an analog input signal to an input of said control circuit for controlling said resonant converter, said analog input signal representing a measured value for a relationship between open circuit operation and operation under load; and

said gate driver being a component of said resonant converter.

2. The circuit configuration according to claim 1, wherein said flip-flop is an RS flip-flop.

3. The circuit configuration according to claim 1, wherein said flip-flop has a further output directly connected to said controller provided for controlling said resonant converter.

4. The circuit configuration according to claim 1, wherein:

said controller has an interface; and

said flip-flop has an input connected to said interface of said controller provided for controlling said resonant converter.

5. The circuit configuration according to claim 1, wherein said open circuit detection unit is configured to operate asynchronously with respect to said controller.

6. The circuit configuration according to claim 1, wherein said short circuit monitoring unit has a resonance error monitoring unit and a resonance trend detection unit that reacts slower than said resonance error monitoring unit.

7. The circuit configuration according to claim 1, wherein the circuit configuration is used in a wireless battery charging system of an electric vehicle.

8. An operational method, which comprises the steps of:

providing a circuit configuration containing a primary winding of a transformer, a resonant converter feeding energy into the primary winding of the transformer, and a control circuit for controlling the resonant converter and having a plurality of modules, the plurality of modules including a frequency generator controllable with a variable frequency, a short circuit monitoring unit for protecting components of the resonant converter, and an open circuit detection unit, the open circuit detection unit shutting down the resonant converter if a secondary side interacting with the primary winding of the transformer is open circuit, without feedback from the secondary side; and

using the circuit configuration in a wireless battery charging system of an electric vehicle;

wherein the open circuit detection unit detects an open circuit by;

acquiring a plurality of current measurements during each complete period of a primary current signal, and

generating a signal from the current measurements which is maintained stable at least for a sub-period of a complete period until acquisition of a next current measurement.

9. The method according to claim 8, which further comprises:

disposing the primary winding of the transformer in a fixed charging station; and

disposing an associated secondary winding in a vehicle having a battery under charge.

10. A method for operating a resonant converter which feeds energy into a primary winding of a transformer, which comprises the steps of:

operating the resonant converter in an above-resonance region;

controlling the resonant converter by means of a controller; and

monitoring a secondary-side open circuit condition of the transformer on the primary side asynchronously with respect to the controller, wherein controller-independent shutdown of the resonant converter takes place if an open circuit condition is detected;

wherein for the open circuit condition is detected by;

acquiring a plurality of current measurements during each complete period of a primary current signal; and

generating a signal from the current measurements which is maintained stable at least for a sub-period of a complete period until acquisition of a next current measurement.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein open circuit detection takes place using the controller.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the open circuit detection using the controller reacts slower than controller-independent open circuit detection.

13. The method according to claim 11, wherein the open circuit detection takes place using at least one settable switching threshold.

14. The method according to claim 10, which further comprises:

acquiring the current measurements twice during each complete period of the primary current signal; and

generating an intermediate signal and an output signal from the current measurements.

15. The method according to claim 14, which further comprises maintaining the output signal generated from a current measurement constant at least until a next current measurement is acquired.

16. The method according to claim 14, which further comprises acquiring the current measurements at 90°

and 270°

.