Power conversion apparatus

• US 9,667,169 B2
• Filed: 11/15/2012
• Issued: 05/30/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 11/18/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hitachi Automotive Systems Limited (Hitachi, Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Hitachi Automotive Systems Limited (Hitachi, Ltd.)
• Inventors: Nawa, Masamichi, Itsuji, Takayuki
• Primary Examiner(s): Ismail, Shawki S
• Assistant Examiner(s): IMTIAZ, ZOHEB S
• Application Number:
  US14/352,187
• Publication Number:
  US 20140239870A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,657 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0046 relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/04 Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions protective devices and circuit arrangements in general H01H; H02H
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/00 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle with power supply from force of nature, e.g. sun or wind, B60L8/00; for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways B60L13/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/24 for controlling the temperature of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/322 Means for rapidly discharging a capacitor of the converter for protecting electrical components or for preventing electrical shock
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/48 using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/53871 with automatic control of output voltage or current
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/5395 by pulse-width modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 27/06 using dc to ac converters or inverters H02P27/05 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

A power conversion apparatus includes a power conversion element; a capacitor; a control circuit that outputs a control signal to control operation of the power conversion element at the time of driving a load; a discharge control unit that outputs a discharge control signal to control operation of the power conversion element at the time of discharging the capacitor; a power supply circuit that generates a power supply voltage, on the basis of a voltage between both ends of the capacitor; and a driver unit that outputs a driving signal to operate the power conversion element, on the basis of the control signal or the discharge control signal. The power conversion element is operated according to the discharge control signal, a current is flown from the capacitor to the load through the power conversion element, and the capacitor is discharged.

Claims

1. A power conversion apparatus, comprising:

a power conversion element that converts direct-current power supplied from a direct-current power supply into alternating-current power and supplies the alternating-current power to a load;

a capacitor that smoothes the direct-current power;

a control circuit that outputs a control signal to control operation of the power conversion element at the time of driving the load;

a discharge control unit that outputs a discharge control signal to control operation of the power conversion element at the time of discharging the capacitor, and outputs a discharge switching signal to pass or intercept the control signal according to an output state of the discharge control signal;

a power supply circuit that generates a power supply voltage to operate the discharge control unit, on the basis of a voltage between both ends of the capacitor;

a switching circuit that receives the control signal from the control circuit, receives the discharge control signal and the discharge switching signal from the discharge control unit, and outputs the control signal or the discharge control signal based on the discharge switching signal, and

a driver unit that outputs a driving signal to operate the power conversion element, on the basis of the control signal or the discharge control signal output from the switching circuit,

wherein the power conversion element is operated according to the discharge control signal, a current is flown from the capacitor to the load through the power conversion element, and the capacitor is discharged.

2. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the load is an alternating-current motor and the discharge control unit outputs a PWM signal based on a fundamental wave changing cyclically at a cycle faster than a maximum rotational speed of the alternating-current motor as the discharge control signal.

3. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 1,

wherein the load is an alternating-current motor,

the power conversion element includes a plurality of upper arm power conversion elements arranged at a high voltage side and a plurality of lower arm power conversion elements arranged at a low voltage side, and

the discharge control unit outputs a signal of a predetermined pattern to make any one of the upper arm power conversion elements and any one of the lower arm power conversion elements establish electric continuity and then make all of the upper arm power conversion elements or all of the lower arm power conversion elements establish electric continuity, as the discharge control signal.

4. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control circuit outputs a discharge command signal to instruct to discharge the capacitor to the discharge control unit and the discharge control unit outputs the discharge control signal according to the discharge command signal.

5. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the discharge control unit determines an operation state of the control circuit on the basis of the discharge command signal and when it is determined that the control circuit is not normally operated, the discharge control unit outputs the discharge control signal.

6. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the discharge control unit calculates a voltage between both ends of the capacitor and performs overvoltage detection on the basis of a calculation result thereof.

7. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:

a reporting unit that reports whether the capacitor is discharged.

8. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the reporting unit is composed of a light emitting element.

9. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

the discharge control unit outputs a predetermined first signal to pass the control signal as the discharge switching signal to the switching circuit when the discharge control unit does not output the discharge control signal;

the discharge control unit outputs a predetermined second signal to intercept the control signal as the discharge switching signal to the switching circuit when the discharge control unit outputs the discharge control signal; and

the switching circuit intercepts the control signal from the control circuit based on the second signal, and passes the discharge control signal from the discharge control unit to output the discharge control signal to the driver unit.

10. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the load is an alternating-current motor and the discharge control unit outputs a PWM signal based on a fundamental wave changing cyclically at a cycle faster than a maximum rotational speed of the alternating-current motor as the discharge control signal.

11. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 9, wherein

the load is an alternating-current motor,

the power conversion element includes a plurality of upper arm power conversion elements arranged at a high voltage side and a plurality of lower arm power conversion elements arranged at a low voltage side, and

the discharge control unit outputs a signal of a predetermined pattern to make any one of the upper arm power conversion elements and any one of the lower arm power conversion elements establish electric continuity and then make all of the upper arm power conversion elements or all of the lower arm power conversion elements establish electric continuity, as the discharge control signal.

12. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the control circuit outputs a discharge command signal to instruct to discharge the capacitor to the discharge control unit and the discharge control unit outputs the discharge control signal according to the discharge command signal.

13. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the discharge control unit determines an operation state of the control circuit on the basis of the discharge command signal and when it is determined that the control circuit is not normally operated, the discharge control unit outputs the discharge control signal.

14. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the discharge control unit calculates a voltage between both ends of the capacitor and performs overvoltage detection on the basis of a calculation result thereof.

15. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising:

a reporting unit that reports whether the capacitor is discharged.

16. The power conversion apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the reporting unit is composed of a light emitting element.