Self-powered analyte sensor
First Claim
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1. An intermittently interrogated analyte measuring system, comprising:
- an analyte sensor assembly, comprising;
a self-powered electrochemical analyte sensor comprising;
a working electrode comprising an analyte-responsive enzyme disposed on the working electrode, wherein the working electrode is configured and arranged for electrooxidizing or electroreducing a primary reactant in the presence of the analyte-responsive enzyme;
a counter electrode capable of electroreducing or electrooxidizing a secondary reactant; and
a resistor disposed between the working electrode and counter electrode, wherein the resistor comprises an R value,wherein the self-powered electrochemical analyte sensor maintains a current output directly proportional to analyte concentration in the absence of any reference voltage,wherein the R value is chosen from within a range of R values for which the current output is independent of the R value at an analyte concentration at the top of its physically relevant range; and
a data processing unit in communication with the self-powered electrochemical analyte sensor; and
a first wireless communication unit in communication with the data processing unit; and
a handheld device comprising a second wireless communication unit,wherein the analyte sensor assembly is configured for intermittent interrogation by the handheld device via the first wireless communication unit and the second wireless communication unit only upon positioning of the handheld device in close proximity to the analyte sensor assembly by the subject.
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Abstract
Generally, embodiments of the invention relate to self-powered analyte determining devices (e.g., electrochemical analyte monitoring systems) that include a working electrode, a counter electrode, and an optional resistance value, where the working electrode includes analyte sensing components and the self-powered analyte determining device spontaneously passes a current directly proportional to analyte concentration in the absence of an external power source. Also provided are systems and methods of using the, for example electrochemical, analyte sensors in analyte monitoring.
349 Citations
55 Claims
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1. An intermittently interrogated analyte measuring system, comprising:
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an analyte sensor assembly, comprising; a self-powered electrochemical analyte sensor comprising; a working electrode comprising an analyte-responsive enzyme disposed on the working electrode, wherein the working electrode is configured and arranged for electrooxidizing or electroreducing a primary reactant in the presence of the analyte-responsive enzyme; a counter electrode capable of electroreducing or electrooxidizing a secondary reactant; and a resistor disposed between the working electrode and counter electrode, wherein the resistor comprises an R value, wherein the self-powered electrochemical analyte sensor maintains a current output directly proportional to analyte concentration in the absence of any reference voltage, wherein the R value is chosen from within a range of R values for which the current output is independent of the R value at an analyte concentration at the top of its physically relevant range; and a data processing unit in communication with the self-powered electrochemical analyte sensor; and a first wireless communication unit in communication with the data processing unit; and a handheld device comprising a second wireless communication unit, wherein the analyte sensor assembly is configured for intermittent interrogation by the handheld device via the first wireless communication unit and the second wireless communication unit only upon positioning of the handheld device in close proximity to the analyte sensor assembly by the subject. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28)
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29. A method for intermittently monitoring a level of an analyte, the method comprising:
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positioning an analyte sensor assembly onto skin of a patient, wherein the analyte sensor assembly comprises; a self-powered electrochemical analyte sensor comprising; a working electrode comprising an analyte-responsive enzyme disposed on the working electrode, wherein the working electrode is configured and arranged for electrooxidizing or electroreducing a primary reactant in the presence of the analyte-responsive enzyme; a counter electrode capable of electroreducing or electrooxidizing a secondary reactant; and a resistor disposed between the working electrode and counter electrode, wherein the resistor comprises an R value, wherein the self-powered electrochemical analyte sensor maintains a current output directly proportional to analyte concentration in the absence of a reference voltage, wherein the R value is chosen from within a range of R values for which the current output is independent of the R value at an analyte concentration at the top of its physically relevant range; and a data processing unit in communication with the self-powered electrochemical analyte sensor; and a first wireless communication unit in communication with the data processing unit; and collecting data regarding a level of an analyte from the analyte sensor assembly by positioning a handheld device in close proximity to the analyte sensor assembly, wherein the handheld device comprises a second wireless communication unit, wherein the analyte sensor assembly is configured for intermittent interrogation by the handheld device via the first wireless communication unit and the second wireless communication unit only upon positioning of the handheld device in close proximity to the analyte sensor assembly by the subject. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55)
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Specification