Decimation synchronization in a microphone

• US 9,711,166 B2
• Filed: 11/05/2014
• Issued: 07/18/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 05/23/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Knowles Electronics Llc (Knowles Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Knowles Electronics Llc (Knowles Corporation)
• Inventors: Popper, Robert A., Qutub, Sarmad, Kassir, Thibault, Nandy, Dibyendu
• Primary Examiner(s): Goins, Davetta W
• Assistant Examiner(s): SELLERS, DANIEL R
• Application Number:
  US14/533,690
• Publication Number:
  US 20150055803A1
• Time in Patent Office: 986 Days
• Field of Search: 381174, 381175, 257415, 257416
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 25/48 specially adapted for particular use
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 2410/00 Microphones
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 2499/11 Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 3/00 Circuits for transducers , loudspeakers or microphones

Abstract

An external clock signal having a first frequency is received. A division ratio is automatically determined based at least in part upon a second frequency of an internal clock. The second frequency is greater than the first frequency. A decimation factor is automatically determined based at least in part upon the first frequency of the external clock signal, the second frequency of the internal clock signal, and a predetermined desired sampling frequency. The division ratio is applied to the internal clock signal to reduce the first frequency to a reduced third frequency. The decimation factor is applied to the reduced third frequency to provide the predetermined desired sampling frequency. Data is clocked to a buffer using the predetermined desired sampling frequency.

Claims

1. A method in a microphone, the method comprising:

decimating data obtained from an electrical signal representative of acoustic energy using a decimator;

determining whether voice activity is present in the electrical signal while buffering the decimated data and while clocking the microphone with an internal clock signal;

receiving an external clock signal after determining the likely presence of voice activity;

applying a decimation factor to the decimator after receiving the external clock signal,

the decimation factor based on a specified sampling frequency and a signal having a frequency that is the same as, or substantially the same as, a frequency of the external clock signal.

2. The method claim 1, further comprising:

clocking the microphone with the external clock signal after receiving the external clock signal; and

applying the decimation factor to the decimator before buffering decimated data after receiving the external clock signal.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining the decimation factor by dividing the frequency of the signal that is the same as, or substantially the same as, the frequency of the external clock signal by the specified sampling frequency, wherein the specified sampling frequency is determined by a buffer in which decimated data is buffered.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:

reducing a frequency of the internal clock signal by a factor based on an approximate ratio of a frequency of the internal clock signal to a frequency of the external clock signal; and

computing the decimation factor by dividing the reduced frequency of the internal clock signal by the specified sampling frequency.

5. The method of claim 1, reducing a frequency of the internal clock signal by a factor based on an approximate ratio of a frequency of the internal clock signal to a frequency of the external clock signal.

6. The method claim 1, further comprising:

decimating data by converting pulse density modulated (PDM) format data to pulse code modulated (PCM) format data; and

buffering the PCM data.

7. The method claim 1 further comprising generating the electrical signal representative of acoustic energy based on acoustic energy sensed by an acoustic sensor.

8. The method claim 1, receiving the external clock signal at the microphone in response to providing an interrupt signal from the microphone after determining that voice activity is likely present.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

decimating data obtained from the electrical signal representative of acoustic energy at a first decimation rate based on a first decimation factor while clocking the microphone with the internal clock signal before receiving the external clock signal;

decimating data obtained from the electrical signal representative of acoustic energy at a second decimation rate based on a second decimation factor after receiving the external clock signal; and

the second decimation factor based on a specified sampling frequency and a signal having a frequency that is the same as, or substantially the same as, a frequency of the external clock signal.

10. A microphone having an internal clock signal, the microphone comprising:

an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter having an input and an output, the A/D converter configured to convert an electrical signal representative of acoustic energy to digital data;

a decimator interconnecting an output of the A/D converter and a buffer, wherein the buffer is configured to buffer decimated data representative of the electrical signal;

a voice activity detector (VAD) coupled to the output of the A/D converter, wherein the VAD is configured to determine whether voice activity is likely present in the electrical signal while decimated data is buffered in the buffer,

the decimator has a decimation factor based on a specified sampling frequency and a signal having a frequency that is the same as, or substantially the same as, a frequency of an external clock signal present at an external-device interface of the microphone.

11. The microphone of claim 10, wherein the microphone is clocked with the internal clock signal before the external clock signal is present at the external-device interface, wherein the microphone is clocked with the external clock signal after the external clock signal is present at the external-device interface, and wherein the decimator is configured to use the decimation factor when buffering decimated data after the external clock signal is present at the external-device interface.

12. The microphone of claim 10, the decimation factor is a ratio of the frequency of the signal that is the same as, or substantially the same as, the frequency of the external clock signal and the specified sampling frequency, wherein the specified sampling frequency is determined by the buffer.

13. The microphone of claim 12, wherein a frequency of the internal clock signal is reduced by a factor based on an approximate ratio of a frequency of the internal clock signal and a frequency of the external clock signal, and wherein the decimation factor is a ratio of the reduced frequency of the internal clock signal and the specified sampling frequency.

14. The microphone of claim 10, wherein a frequency of the internal clock signal is reduced by a factor based on an approximate ratio of a frequency of the internal clock signal and a frequency of the external clock signal.

15. The microphone claim 10, wherein the decimator is configured to convert pulse density modulated (PDM) format data to pulse code modulated (PCM) format data.

16. The microphone claim 10, further comprising an acoustic sensor having an output with the electrical signal representative of acoustic energy.

17. The microphone of claim 10, wherein the external clock signal present at the external-device interface in response to an interrupt signal provided at the external-device interface after the microphone determines that voice activity is likely present.

18. The microphone of claim 10, wherein the decimator has a first decimation rate based on a first decimation factor when the microphone is clocked by the internal clock signal, and wherein the decimator has a second decimation rate based on a second decimation factor when the microphone is clocked by the external clock signal.

19. The microphone of claim 18, wherein the decimator has the first decimation rate when the microphone is initially clocked by the internal clock signal, wherein the decimator has the second decimation rate after the microphone is clocked by the external clock signal, and wherein the decimator continues to have the second decimation rate after the microphone transitions from being clocked by the external clock signal to being clocked by the internal clock signal.

20. A microphone comprising:

an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter having an input and an output, the A/D converter configured to convert an electrical signal representative of acoustic energy to digital data;

a decimator interconnecting an output of the A/D converter and a buffer, wherein the buffer is configured to buffer decimated data representative of the electrical signal;

a voice activity detector (VAD) coupled to the output of the A/D converter, wherein the VAD is configured to determine whether voice activity is likely present in the electrical signal while decimated data is buffered in the buffer,

the microphone clocked by an internal clock signal during a first time period and the microphone clocked by an external clock signal during a second time period that occurs after the VAD determines that voice activity is likely present,

the decimator having a first decimation rate based on a first decimation factor during the first time period, and the decimator having a second decimation rate based on a second decimation factor during the second time period,

the second decimation factor based on a specified sampling frequency and a signal having a frequency that is the same as, or substantially the same as, a frequency of an external clock signal present at an external-device interface of the microphone.

21. The microphone of claim 20, wherein the second decimation factor is a ratio of the frequency of the signal that is the same as, or substantially the same as, the frequency of the external clock signal and the specified sampling frequency, wherein the specified sampling frequency is specified by the buffer.

22. The microphone of claim 21, wherein the second decimation factor is a ratio of a reduced frequency of the internal clock signal and the specified sampling frequency.

23. The microphone of claim 20, wherein a frequency of the internal clock signal is reduced by a factor based on an approximate ratio of a frequency of the internal clock signal and a frequency of the external clock signal.