Communications in a medical device system

• US 9,757,570 B2
• Filed: 07/29/2015
• Issued: 09/12/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 08/06/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Inventors: Maile, Keith R., Kane, Michael J., Huelskamp, Paul, Juffer, Lance E., Stahmann, Jeffrey E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Stice, Paula J
• Application Number:
  US14/812,844
• Publication Number:
  US 20160038747A1
• Time in Patent Office: 776 Days
• Field of Search: 607 32
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/318 Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3702 Physiological parameters A61N1/365 takes precedence; evoked response A61N1/371
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37217 characterised by the communication link, e.g. acoustic or tactile
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37254 Pacemaker or defibrillator security, e.g. to prevent or inhibit programming alterations by hackers or unauthorised individuals
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37288 Communication to several implantable medical devices within one patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3756 Casings with electrodes thereon, e.g. leadless stimulators
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3956 Implantable devices for applying electric shocks to the heart, e.g. for cardioversion
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/63 for local operation

Abstract

Systems and methods for communicating between medical devices. In on example, a medical device comprises a communication module for communicating with an implantable leadless cardiac pacemaker through body tissue and a controller operatively coupled to the communications module. The controller may be configured to: identify intrinsic heartbeats; provide a blanking period after each occurrence of an intrinsic heartbeat; and communicate with the implantable leadless cardiac pacemaker via the communication module only during times between the blanking periods.

Claims

1. A method for communicating messages between a plurality of medical devices, wherein at least one of the plurality of medical devices is an implantable medical device, the method comprising:

sensing cardiac electrical signals;

determining occurrences of intrinsic heartbeats;

providing a communication blanking period after each occurrence of an intrinsic heartbeat, wherein during each communication blanking period received communication messages are ignored; and

allowing communication of communication messages between a first medical device and a second medical device except during the communication blanking periods.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining occurrences of pacing pulses, and providing a communication blanking period after each occurrence of a pacing pulse.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein providing a communication blanking period after each occurrence of an intrinsic heartbeat and each occurrence of a pacing pulse comprises providing a first communication blanking period after each occurrence of an intrinsic heartbeat and providing a second communication blanking period after each occurrence of a pacing pulse, wherein the second communication blanking period is longer than the first communication blanking period.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first medical device and the second medical device are both implantable medical devices.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein communication between the first medical device and the second medical device comprises communicating one or more communication messages of predefined lengths.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein communicating between the first medical device and the second medical device comprises communicating a first communication message from the first medical device to the second medical device via conducted communication.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein if an intrinsic heartbeat is detected while the first medical device is sending the first communication message from the first medical device to the second medical device via conducted communication, providing a first communication blanking period and resending the first communication message after expiration of the first communication blanking period.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein if a pacing pulse is detected while the first medical device is sending the first communication message from the first medical device to the second medical device via conducted communication, providing a second communication blanking period and resending the first communication message after expiration of the corresponding second communication blanking period, wherein the second communication blanking period is longer than the first communication blanking period.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein communicating between the first medical device and the second medical device comprises sending a second communication message from the second medical device to the first medical device via conducted communication in response to the first communication message.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein if the first medical device fails to receive the second communication message within a predetermined period of time after sending the first communication message, resending the first communication message.

11. A medical device, comprising:

a communication module for communicating messages with an implantable leadless cardiac pacemaker through body tissue;

a controller operatively coupled to the communication module, wherein the controller is configured to;

identify intrinsic heartbeats;

provide a communication blanking period during which received communication messages are ignored, the communication blanking period provided after each occurrence of an intrinsic heartbeat; and

communicate with the implantable leadless cardiac pacemaker via the communication module only during times between the communication blanking periods.

12. The medical device of claim 11, wherein the controller is further configured to:

identify pacing pulses; and

provide a communication blanking period after each occurrence of a pacing pulse.

13. The medical device of claim 12, wherein the controller is further configured to:

provide a first communication blanking period after each intrinsic heartbeat; and

provide a second communication blanking period after each pacing pulse, wherein the second communication blanking period is longer than the first communication blanking period.

14. The medical device of claim 11, wherein the communication module communicates with the implantable leadless cardiac pacemaker via conducted communication.

15. The medical device of claim 14, wherein the communication module communicates with the implantable leadless cardiac pacemaker by providing a plurality of communication pulses through body tissue, wherein each of the communication pulses is below a capture threshold of a heart.

16. A medical device system configured to deliver electrical stimulation therapy to a heart of a patient, the system comprising:

an implantable leadless cardiac pacemaker configured to deliver electrical stimulation therapy to the heart of the patient;

a medical device communicatively coupled to the implantable leadless cardiac pacemaker and configured to;

identify intrinsic heartbeats; and

initiate communication messages between the medical device and the implantable leadless cardiac pacemaker only at times other than during the identified intrinsic heartbeats.

17. The medical device of claim 16, wherein the medical device is further configured to:

identify pacing pulses; and

initiate communication messages between the medical device and the implantable leadless cardiac pacemaker only at times other than during the identified intrinsic heartbeats and the identified pacing pulses.

18. The medical device system of claim 17, wherein the medical device is further configured to:

provide a communication blanking period after each identified intrinsic heartbeat and each identified pacing pulse; and

allowing communication messages to be initiated between the medical device and the implantable leadless cardiac pacemaker except during the communication blanking periods.

19. The medical device system of claim 17, wherein the medical device is further configured to:

provide a first communication blanking period after each identified intrinsic heartbeat; and

provide a second communication blanking period after each identified pacing pulse, wherein the second communication blanking period is longer than the first communication blanking period.

20. The medical device system of claim 16, wherein if the medical device identifies an intrinsic heartbeat while communicating a communication message between the medical device and the implantable leadless cardiac pacemaker, the medical device is configured to provide a first communication blanking period and resend the communication message after expiration of the first communication blanking period.