Dynamic aperture holography

• US 9,760,061 B2
• Filed: 03/21/2014
• Issued: 09/12/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 01/23/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Akonia Holographics, LLC (Apple Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Akonia Holographics, LLC (Apple Inc.)
• Inventors: Ayres, Mark R., Anderson, Kenneth E., Askham, Fredric R., Sissom, Bradley J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Allen, Stephone B
• Assistant Examiner(s): DABBI, JYOTSNA V
• Application Number:
  US14/385,469
• Publication Number:
  US 20150062675A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,271 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 1/0248 Volume holograms
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 1/2645 Multiplexing processes, e.g. aperture, shift, or wavefront multiplexing
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 1/265 Angle multiplexing; Multichannel holograms G03H1/268 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2001/267 Polarisation multiplexing
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 7/0065 Recording, reproducing or erasing by using optical interference patterns, e.g. holograms
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 7/00772 on record carriers storing information in the form of optical interference patterns, e.g. holograms
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 7/1381 Non-lens elements for altering the properties of the beam, e.g. knife edges, slits, filters or stops G11B7/1353 - G11B7/1369 take precedence

Abstract

Methods and systems for performing dynamic aperture holography are described. Examples include a method of recording multiple holograms in a photosensitive recording medium, where multiple signal beam angular apertures used to record the multiple holograms differ from each other. The multiple signal beam angular apertures can facilitate using a larger range of reference beam angular apertures. The multiple holograms are typically multiplexed, and examples of dynamic aperture holography enable packing the multiplexed holograms more densely in the recording medium. Some dynamic aperture holography systems include monocular objective lens architecture.

Claims

1. A method of using dynamic aperture holography for recording multiple holograms, the method comprising:

generating a first signal beam by encoding data into a nascent signal beam using a data encoding element, wherein the data encoding element includes an inactive portion that does not have data encoded therein;

projecting the first signal beam through an objective lens into a photosensitive recording medium at a first signal beam angular aperture;

projecting a first reference beam into the photosensitive recording medium at a first reference beam angular aperture, wherein;

the first reference beam and the first signal beam interfere with each other to form a first interference pattern, the first interference pattern being recorded as a first hologram in the photosensitive recording medium;

the inactive portion of the data encoding element is not represented in the first hologram; and

the first signal beam angular aperture is separated from the first reference beam angular aperture by a first separation angle;

generating a second signal beam by encoding data into the nascent signal beam using the data encoding element;

projecting the second signal beam through the objective lens into the photosensitive recording medium at a second signal beam angular aperture that differs from the first signal beam angular aperture in at least one of size and position, wherein the second signal beam angular aperture is changed from the first signal beam angular aperture by changing the inactive portion of the data encoding element;

projecting a second reference beam into the photosensitive recording medium at a second reference beam angular aperture, wherein;

the second reference beam angular aperture differs in position from the first reference beam angular aperture;

the second reference beam and the second signal beam interfere with each other to form a second interference pattern, the second interference pattern being recorded as a second hologram in the photosensitive recording medium;

the inactive portion of the data encoding element is not represented in the second hologram;

the second signal beam angular aperture is separated from the second reference beam angular aperture by a second separation angle;

each of the first separation angle and the second separation angle are equal to or greater than a predetermined minimum separation angle; and

the second reference beam angular aperture is separated from the first signal beam angular aperture by less than the predetermined minimum separation angle.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein:

the first reference beam has the same wavelength as the first signal beam; and

the second reference beam has the same wavelength as the second signal beam.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first hologram at least partially overlaps the second hologram in the photosensitive recording medium.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein a position of the photosensitive recording medium relative to the objective lens is the same when the first hologram is being recorded in the photosensitive recording medium as when the second hologram is being recorded in the photosensitive recording medium.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the first hologram and the second hologram are angle multiplexed in one stack of holograms.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the second signal beam angular aperture has a smaller size than the first signal beam angular aperture.

7. The method of claim 3, wherein the first signal beam angular aperture overlaps the second reference beam angular aperture.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein said changing the inactive portion of the data encoding element includes adjusting the nascent signal beam by moving an occluder that blocks a portion of the nascent signal beam from reaching the data encoding element.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the occluder includes a shutter residing at an image plane of the nascent signal beam.

10. A method of using dynamic aperture holography for recording multiple holograms, the method comprising:

generating a first signal beam by encoding data into a nascent signal beam using a data encoding element, wherein an occluder blocks a portion of the nascent signal beam from reaching the data encoding element;

projecting the first signal beam through an objective lens into a photosensitive recording medium at a first signal beam angular aperture;

projecting a first reference beam into the photosensitive recording medium at a first reference beam angular aperture, wherein;

the first reference beam and the first signal beam interfere with each other to form a first interference pattern, the first interference pattern being recorded as a first hologram in the photosensitive recording medium; and

the first signal beam angular aperture is separated from the first reference beam angular aperture by a first separation angle;

generating a second signal beam by encoding data into the data encoding element using the data encoding element, wherein the occluder blocks the portion of the nascent signal beam from reaching the data encoding element;

projecting the second signal beam through the objective lens into the photosensitive recording medium at a second signal beam angular aperture that differs from the first signal beam angular aperture in at least one of size and position, wherein the second signal beam angular aperture is changed from the first signal beam angular aperture by adjusting the portion of the nascent signal beam blocked by the occluder;

projecting a second reference beam into the photosensitive recording medium at a second reference beam angular aperture, wherein;

the second reference beam angular aperture differs in position from the first reference beam angular aperture;

the second reference beam and the second signal beam interfere with each other to form a second interference pattern, the second interference pattern being recorded as a second hologram in the photosensitive recording medium;

the second signal beam angular aperture is separated from the second reference beam angular aperture by a second separation angle;

each of the first separation angle and the second separation angle are equal to or greater than a predetermined minimum separation angle; and

the second reference beam angular aperture is separated from the first signal beam angular aperture by less than the predetermined minimum separation angle.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein a position of the photosensitive recording medium relative to the objective lens is the same when the first hologram is being recorded in the photosensitive recording medium as when the second hologram is being recorded in the photosensitive recording medium.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein:

the first reference beam has the same wavelength as the first signal beam; and

the second reference beam has the same wavelength as the second signal beam.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the first signal beam angular aperture overlaps the second reference beam angular aperture.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein the occluder includes a shutter residing at an image plane of the nascent signal beam.

15. The method of claim 10, wherein the first hologram and the second hologram are angle multiplexed in one stack of holograms.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the second signal beam angular aperture has a smaller size than the first signal beam angular aperture.

17. A method of using dynamic aperture holography for recording multiple holograms, the method comprising:

projecting a first signal beam into a photosensitive recording medium at a first signal beam angular aperture;

projecting a first reference beam into the photosensitive recording medium at a first reference beam angular aperture, wherein;

the first reference beam has the same wavelength as the first signal beam;

the first reference beam and the first signal beam interfere with each other to form a first interference pattern, the first interference pattern being recorded as a first hologram in the photosensitive recording medium; and

the first signal beam angular aperture is separated from the first reference beam angular aperture by a first separation angle;

projecting a second signal beam into the photosensitive recording medium at a second signal beam angular aperture that differs from the first signal beam angular aperture in at least one of size and position;

projecting a second reference beam into the photosensitive recording medium at a second reference beam angular aperture, wherein;

the second reference beam has the same wavelength as the second signal beam;

the second reference beam and the second signal beam interfere with each other to form a second interference pattern, the second interference pattern being recorded as a second hologram in the photosensitive recording medium;

the second reference beam angular aperture differs in position from the first reference beam angular aperture;

the second signal beam angular aperture is separated from the second reference beam angular aperture by a second separation angle;

each of the first separation angle and the second separation angle are equal to or greater than a predetermined minimum separation angle;

the second reference beam angular aperture is separated from the first signal beam angular aperture by less than the predetermined minimum separation angle; and

the first hologram at least partially overlaps the second hologram in the photosensitive recording medium.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein:

said projecting the first signal beam into the photosensitive recording medium includes projecting the first signal beam through an objective lens;

said projecting the second signal beam into the photosensitive recording medium includes projecting the second signal beam through the objective lens; and

a position of the photosensitive recording medium relative to the objective lens is the same when the first hologram is being recorded in the photosensitive recording medium as when the second hologram is being recorded in the photosensitive recording medium.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein the first hologram and the second hologram are angle multiplexed in one stack.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein the first signal beam angular aperture overlaps the second reference beam angular aperture.