Holographic image projection with holographic correction

• US 9,766,456 B2
• Filed: 12/20/2013
• Issued: 09/19/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 12/21/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Envisics Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Two Trees Photonics Limited (DAQRI, LLC)
• Inventors: Christmas, Jamieson, Masiyano, Dackson
• Primary Examiner(s): Pham, Thomas K
• Assistant Examiner(s): Pasko, Nicholas R
• Application Number:
  US14/654,275
• Publication Number:
  US 20150346491A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,369 Days
• Field of Search: 359 9, 359 13, 359 14, 359630, 359631
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0107 with optical power
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0109 comprising details concerning the making of holograms
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/011 comprising device for correcting geometrical aberrations, distortion
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/013 comprising a combiner of particular shape, e.g. curvature
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/014 comprising information/image processing systems
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0103 comprising holographic elements
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 1/0808 Methods of numerical synthesis, e.g. coherent ray tracing [CRT], diffraction specific
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 1/0841 Encoding method mapping the synthesized field into a restricted set of values representative of the modulator parameters, e.g. detour phase coding
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 1/16 using Fourier transform G03H1/10, G03H1/12, G03H1/14 take precedence; analogue computers G06G, e.g. G06G7/19
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 1/2205 using downstream optical component
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 1/2294 Addressing the hologram to an active spatial light modulator
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2001/0816 Iterative algorithms
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2001/0825 Numerical processing in hologram space, e.g. combination of the CGH [computer generated hologram] with a numerical optical element
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2001/0833 Look up table
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2001/085 Kinoform, i.e. phase only encoding wherein the computed field is processed into a distribution of phase differences
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2001/221 Element having optical power, e.g. field lens
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2001/2218 being perpendicular to optical axis
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2001/2242 Multiple viewing windows
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2001/2271 RGB holobject
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2001/2284 Superimposing the holobject with other visual information
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2001/306 : Tiled identical sub-holograms
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2223/14 : Diffuser, e.g. lens array, random phase mask
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2225/32 : Phase only
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2225/60 : Multiple SLMs
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2225/61 : for multicolour processing
• CPC Class Codes: G03H 2226/05 : Means for tracking the observer
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 11/60 : Editing figures and text; Combining figures or text
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10016 : Video; Image sequence
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10024 : Color image
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 5/20 : using local operators
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/3185 : Geometric adjustment, e.g. keystone or convergence optical or mechanical adjustment of convergence H04N9/317; using scanning means H04N3/22; optical or mechanical adjustments of projectors not peculiar to the presence of an electronic spatial light modulator G03B21/14

Abstract

There is provided a method of projection using an optical element (502,602) having spatially variant optical power. The method comprises combining Fourier domain data representative of a 2D image with Fourier domain data having a first lensing effect (604a) to produce first holographic data. Light is spatially modulated (504,603a) with the first holographic data to form a first spatially modulated light beam. The first spatially modulated light beam is redirected using the optical element (502,602) by illuminating a first region (607) of the optical element (602) with the first spatially modulated beam. The first lensing effect (604a) compensates for the optical power of the optical element in the first region (607). Advantageous embodiments relate to a head-up display for a vehicle using the vehicle windscreen (502,602) as an optical element to redirect light to the viewer (505,609).

Claims

1. A method of projection comprising:

combining Fourier domain data representative of a 2D image with Fourier domain data having a first lensing effect to produce first holographic data;

spatially modulating light with the first holographic data to form a first spatially modulated light beam;

reflecting the first spatially modulated light beam using an optical combiner by illuminating a first region of the optical combiner with the first spatially modulated beam, the optical combiner having a spatially variant optical power, the first region of the optical combiner having an optical power resulting from a curvature of the first region of the optical combiner, the optical combiner reflecting the first spatially modulated light beam to a first region of a viewing plane,

wherein the first lensing effect compensates at the first region of the viewing plane for the first optical power of the optical combiner in the first region; and

then

selecting, in real-time, different Fourier domain data having a different lensing effect to the first lensing effect to compensate for the optical power of the optical combiner in a different first region of the optical combiner, the different first region of the optical combiner having an optical power different from the optical power of the first region;

combining the Fourier domain data representative of the 2D image with the different Fourier domain data to produce different first holographic data;

spatially modulating light with the different first holographic data to form a different first spatially modulated light beam; and

reflecting the different first spatially modulated light beam using the optical combiner by illuminating a different first region of the optical combiner with the first spatially modulated beam.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

combining the Fourier domain data representative of the 2D image with Fourier domain data having a second lensing effect to produce second holographic data;

spatially modulating light with the second holographic data to form a second spatially modulated light beam;

reflecting the second spatially modulated light beam using the optical combiner by illuminating a second region of the optical combiner with the second spatially modulated beam, the second region of the optical combiner being different from the first region of the optical combiner and having an optical power, the optical combiner reflecting the second spatially modulated light beam to a second region of the viewing plane different from the first region of the viewing plane;

wherein the second lensing effect compensates at the second region of the viewing plane for the optical power of the optical combiner in the second region.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the first lensing effect negates at the first region of the viewing plane the optical power of the first region of the optical combiner and the second lensing effect negates at the second region of the viewing plane the optical power of the second region of the optical combiner.

4. The method of claim 2 wherein the first and second spatially modulated light beams are adjacent at the viewing plane.

5. The method of claim 2 wherein the first and second spatially modulated light beams do not overlap at the viewing plane.

6. The method of claim 2 wherein the reflected first spatially modulated light beam has a convergence or divergence substantially equal to that of the reflected second spatially modulated light beam.

7. The method of claim 2 wherein spatially modulating light with the first holographic data to form a first spatially modulated light beam and spatially modulating light with the second holographic data to form a second spatially modulated light beam comprises:

representing the first and second holographic data on at least one spatial light modulator;

illuminating the at least one spatial light modulator with a plane wave to form the first and second spatially modulated light beams corresponding to the first and second holographic data, respectively.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the optical combiner is a vehicle windscreen.

9. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the optical power of the second region of the optical combiner results from a curvature of the optical combiner in the second region thereof.

10. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the optical power of the first region of the optical combiner is different from the optical power of the second region of the optical combiner.

11. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the reflected first spatially modulated light beam is received by a first eye of a viewer but not by a second eye of a viewer, and the reflected second spatially modulated light beam is received by the second eye of the viewer but not by the first eye of the viewer.

12. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the reflected first spatially modulated light beam does not overlap with the reflected second spatially modulated light beam at the viewing plane.

13. A method as claimed in claim 2, further comprising

selecting, in real-time, different second Fourier domain data having a different second lensing effect to the second lensing effect to compensate for the optical power of a different second region of the optical combiner, the different second region of the optical combiner having an optical power different from the optical power of the second region;

combining the Fourier domain data representative of the 2D image with the different second Fourier domain data to produce different second holographic data;

spatially modulating light with the different second holographic data to form a different second spatially modulated light beam; and

reflecting the different second spatially modulated light beam using the optical combiner by illuminating a different second region of the optical combiner with the second spatially modulated beam.

14. A method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising

identifying a different region of the optical element as the first region, the different first region of the optical combiner having an optical power different from the first optical power;

and then

selecting, in real-time, Fourier domain data having a lensing effect different to the first lensing effect;

combining Fourier domain data representative of a 2D image with the Fourier domain data having the different first lensing effect to produce different first holographic data;

spatially modulating light with the different first holographic data to form a different first spatially modulated light beam;

reflecting the different first spatially modulated light beam using the optical combiner by illuminating the different first region of the optical combiner with the different first spatially modulated beam, the optical combiner reflecting the different first spatially modulated light beam to a different first region of a viewing plane,

wherein the different first lensing effect compensates at the different first region of the viewing plane for the different first optical power of the different first region of the optical combiner.

15. A method as claimed in claim 13, further comprising

identifying a different region of the optical element as the first region, the different first region of the optical combiner having an optical power different from the first optical power;

and then

selecting, in real-time, Fourier domain data having a lensing effect different to the first lensing effect;

combining Fourier domain data representative of a 2D image with the Fourier domain data having the different first lensing effect to produce different first holographic data;

spatially modulating light with the different first holographic data to form a different first spatially modulated light beam;

reflecting the different first spatially modulated light beam using the optical combiner by illuminating the different first region of the optical combiner with the different first spatially modulated beam, the optical combiner reflecting the different first spatially modulated light beam to a different first region of a viewing plane,

wherein the different first lensing effect compensates at the different first region of the viewing plane for the different first optical power of the different first region of the optical combiner;

and

selecting a different region of the optical element as the second region, the different second region of the optical combiner having an optical power different from the second optical power; and

then

selecting, in real-time, Fourier domain data having a lensing effect different to the second lensing effect;

combining Fourier domain data representative of a 2D image with the Fourier domain data having the different second lensing effect to produce different second holographic data;

spatially modulating light with the different second holographic data to form a different second spatially modulated light beam;

reflecting the different second spatially modulated light beam using the optical combiner by illuminating the different second region of the optical combiner with the different second spatially modulated beam, the optical combiner reflecting the different second spatially modulated light beam to a different second region of a viewing plane,

wherein the different second lensing effect compensates at the different second region of the viewing plane for the different second optical power of the different second region of the optical combiner.

16. A projector comprising:

a computer processor arranged to combine Fourier domain data representative of a 2D image with Fourier domain data having a first lensing effect to produce first holographic data, to select in real-time, different Fourier domain data having a different lensing effect to the first lensing effect, and to combine the Fourier domain data representative of the 2D image with Fourier domain data having the different lensing effect from the first lensing effect to produce different first holographic data;

at least one spatial light modulator comprising a first array of pixels arranged to represent the first holographic data, the first array of pixels of the spatial light modulator being configured to spatially modulate light with the first holographic data to provide a first spatially modulated light beam, and to spatially modulate light with the different first holographic data to provide a different first spatially modulated light beam;

an optical combiner having spatially variant optical power, wherein the optical combiner comprises a first region having an optical power resulting from a curvature of the first region of the optical combiner and a different first region having an optical power different from the optical power of the first region, the optical combiner being configured to be illuminated by the first spatially modulated light beam in the first region thereof and reflect the first spatially modulated light beam to a first region of a viewing plane and to be illuminated by the different first spatially modulated light beam in the different first region thereof and reflect the different first spatially modulated light beam;

wherein the first lensing effect compensates at the first region of the viewing plane for the first optical power of the first region of the optical combiner, and the different lensing effect compensates for the optical power of the different first region of the optical combiner.

17. A projector as claimed in claim 16 wherein:

the computer processor is further arranged to combine the Fourier domain data representative of the 2D image with Fourier domain data having a second lensing effect to produce second holographic data;

the at least one spatial light modulator further comprises a second array of pixels arranged to represent the second holographic data, the second array of pixels of the spatial light modulator being configured to spatially modulate light to provide a second spatially modulated light beam;

wherein the optical combiner further comprises a second region having a second optical power, the second region of the optical combiner being different than the first region of the optical combiner, the optical combiner being configured to be illuminated by the second spatially modulated light beam in the second region thereof and to reflect the second spatially modulated light beam to a second region of the viewing plane different from the first region of the viewing plane; and

wherein the second lensing effect compensates at the second region of the viewing plane for the second optical power of the second region of the optical combiner.

18. A projector as claimed in claim 17 wherein the at least one spatial light modulator comprises a first spatial light modulator comprising the first array of pixels and a second spatial light modulator comprising the second array of pixels.

19. A projector as claimed in claim 16 further comprising a light source arranged to illuminate the at least one spatial light modulator with a plane wave.

20. A projector as claimed in claim 16 further comprising a repository of Fourier domain data representative of a plurality of 2D images, the repository being configured to provide the Fourier domain data to the computer processor.

21. A projector as claimed in claim 16 wherein the optical combiner element is a vehicle windscreen.