Systems and methods for joint replacement

• US 9,775,725 B2
• Filed: 02/24/2016
• Issued: 10/03/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 07/24/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Orthalign, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Orthalign, Inc.
• Inventors: van der Walt, Nicholas, Shapiro, Charles, Lane, Richard, Ryan, Matt
• Primary Examiner(s): SEVILLA, CHRISTIAN ANTHONY
• Application Number:
  US15/052,071
• Publication Number:
  US 20160278943A1
• Time in Patent Office: 587 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1764 for the knee
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/56 Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/108 Computer aided selection or customisation of medical implants or cutting guides
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2048 using an accelerometer or inertia sensor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0219 Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/10 Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1121 Determining geometric values, e.g. centre of rotation or angular range of movement
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4657 Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints for surgical instruments A61B90/06

Abstract

Systems and methods for joint replacement are provided. The systems and methods include a surgical orientation device, a reference sensor device, and at least one orthopedic fixture. The surgical orientation device, reference sensor device, and orthopedic fixtures can be used to locate the orientation of an axis in the body, to adjust an orientation of a cutting plane or planes along a bony surface, or otherwise to assist in an orthopedic procedure(s).

Claims

1. A method of orthopedic surgery, comprising:

exposing a distal aspect of a femur of a leg of a patient;

inserting a pin into the distal aspect of the femur;

coupling a femoral jig assembly to the pin, wherein the femoral jig assembly is mounted at a distal point; and

coupling a surgical orientation device to the femoral jig assembly, the surgical orientation device comprising an inertial sensor, wherein the surgical orientation device is configured to calculate a proximal point.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the surgical orientation device is configured to calculate a mechanical axis distal point based, at least in part, on the distal point.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the surgical orientation device is configured to receive an input related to an offset between the distal point and an approximate center of the distal aspect of the femur.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the surgical orientation device is configured to calculate a mechanical axis proximal point based, at least in part, on a calculated center pivot point of the femur.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the surgical orientation device is configured to calculate a center of rotation of a head of the femur.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising swinging the leg of the patient in various directions and/or planes with the surgical orientation device attached to the distal aspect of the femur.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein surgical orientation device is configured to process inertial data as the leg is swung.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising performing distal femoral resection.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising cutting the distal aspect of the femur, wherein the pin is located distally to the cut.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein inserting the pin into the distal aspect of the femur further comprises inserting a midline pin at the approximate center of the intercondylar notch.

11. The method of claim 1, further comprising probing an anatomical landmark with a probe extending from the femoral jig assembly.

12. The method of claim 1, further comprising adjusting a cutting block relative to a location of a mechanical axis, the mechanical axis calculated based, at least in part, on the distal point and the proximal point.

13. The method of claim 1, further comprising securing the femoral jig assembly to the femur with one or more additional pins.

14. A method of orthopedic surgery, comprising:

exposing a femur of a leg of a patient;

mounting a femoral jig assembly to an articular surface of the femur, wherein the femoral jig assembly is mounted at a distal point;

coupling a surgical orientation device to the femoral jig assembly, the surgical orientation device comprising an inertial sensor, wherein the surgical orientation device is configured to calculate a proximal point; and

resecting the articular surface of the femur.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the surgical orientation device is configured to calculate a mechanical axis distal point based, at least in part, on the distal point.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein the surgical orientation device is configured to calculate a mechanical axis proximal point based, at least in part, on a calculated center pivot point of the femur.

17. The method of claim 14, wherein the surgical orientation device is configured to calculate a center of rotation of a head of the femur.

18. The method of claim 14, further comprising swinging the leg of the patient in various directions and/or planes with the surgical orientation device attached to the articular surface of the femur.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein surgical orientation device is configured to process inertial data as the leg is swung.

20. The method of claim 14, further comprising probing an anatomical landmark with a probe extending from the femoral jig assembly.

21. The method of claim 14, further comprising adjusting a cutting block relative to a location of a mechanical axis, the mechanical axis calculated based, at least in part, on the distal point and the proximal point.

22. The method of claim 14, wherein resecting the articular surface of the femur further comprises cutting along a cutting plane that is perpendicular to a mechanical axis, the mechanical axis calculated based, at least in part, on the distal point and the proximal point.