Method of controlling a power network

• US 9,778,627 B2
• Filed: 11/16/2012
• Issued: 10/03/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 11/16/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S (Siemens AG)
• Original Assignee: Siemens AG
• Inventors: Stoettrup, Michael, Nielsen, Kaj Skov
• Primary Examiner(s): Fennema, Robert
• Assistant Examiner(s): Stevens, Thomas
• Application Number:
  US13/678,896
• Publication Number:
  US 20140142779A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,782 Days
• Field of Search: 700286, 700 9, 700 22, 700108, 700109, 700295, 700297, 700296, 290 44
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 13/02 electric
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 50/06 Energy or water supply
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2300/20 The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2300/22 The renewable source being solar energy
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/64 The condition being economic, e.g. tariff based load management
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/008 involving trading of energy or energy transmission rights
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/28 Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/38 Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/381 Dispersed generators
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/48 Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/50 Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0013 acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially H02J7/1423 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 70/30 Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 90/50 Energy storage in industry with an added climate change mitigation effect
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 50/10 Energy trading, including energy flowing from end-user application to grid

Abstract

A method is provided for controlling a power network that includes a plurality of power generation facilities connected to an electricity grid and a plurality of power storage facilities connected to the power generation facilities. The method includes monitoring a production capacity of the power generation facilities, monitoring a storage capacity of the power storage facilities and determining an optimal facility control plan on the basis of the storage capacity and the production capacity. The method further includes operating the power network, according to the facility control plan, to feed power from the power generation facilities into the electricity grid and/or to transfer power from the power generation facilities to the power storage facilities and/or to consume power from the power storage facilities.

Claims

1. A method of controlling a power network comprising a plurality of power generation facilities connected to an electricity grid and a plurality of power storage facilities connected to the power generation facilities, the method comprising:

monitoring a production capacity of the power generation facilities;

monitoring a storage capacity of the power storage facilities;

determining a grid requirement to be fulfilled, wherein the grid requirement can be required grid power to deliver;

determining an optimal facility control plan based on the storage capacity and the production capacity;

wherein determining the optimal facility control plan further comprises performing a revenue projection for a combination of energy and ancillary services based on a plurality of forecast variables comprising;

wind forecast energy forecast energy price forecast spinning reserve price forecast;

reactive power price forecast;

ramping capability forecast;

inertial response forecast frequency response forecast;

distributing active power references and reactive power references between the power generation facilities and power storage facilities according to an active component and a reactive component of a grid requirement; and

operating the power network, according to the facility control plan, to feed power from the power generation facilities into the electricity grid and/or to transfer power from the power generation facilities to the power storage facilities and/or to feed power from the power storage facilities into the electricity grid, wherein said operating of the power network is performed to fulfill the grid requirement.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of monitoring an ancillary service capability of a production facility and an ancillary service capability of a storage facility.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein

the revenue projection for a combination of energy and ancillary services is performed based on one or more of the set of system variables comprising:

service schedule;

service cost;

equipment depreciation;

reversible storage cycle cost;

conversion loss;

internal transmission loss; and

/or on the basis of one or more of the set of constraints comprising;

min/max power allowed;

min/max energy allowed;

maximum ramp;

change rate.

4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

determining, on the basis of the revenue projection, a quantity of active power to be delivered to the electricity grid.

5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

determining, on the basis of the revenue projection, a quantity of active power and reactive power generated by the power generation facilities to be stored in a power storage facility.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

identifying a period of negative pricing and determining, on the basis of the revenue projection, a quantity of power to be stored in a power storage facility during the period of negative pricing.

7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

determining quantities of energy originating from different power facilities to be consumed or stored, on the basis of corresponding prices for those different energy forms.

8. The method of claim 1, having a power network comprising:

a plurality of power generation facilities connected to an electricity grid and a plurality of power storage facilities connected to the power generation facilities; and

a power network controller for controlling the power network.

9. The previously presented claim 8, wherein a power generation facility is selected from the group consisting of:

a wind power plant;

a tidal power plant;

a solar power plant.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein a power storage facility is selected from the group consisting of:

a thermal storage facility;

a battery storage facility;

a fly-wheel storage facility;

a compressed air storage facility;

a hydro-electric facility;

a synthetic natural gas storage facility.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein a power storage facility comprises a short-term fast-response storage facility and/or a long-term slow-response storage facility.

12. A power network controller for controlling a power network, the power network comprising a plurality of power generation facilities connected to an electricity grid and a plurality of power storage facilities comprising:

an optimizing module for determining an optimal facility control plan based on a storage capacity of the power storage facilities and a generation capacity of the power generation facilities and the requirements of the grid that need to be fulfilled, wherein the grid requirement can be required grid power to deliver;

wherein the optimal facility control plan is further based on performing a revenue projection for a combination of energy and ancillary services based on a plurality of forecast variables comprising;

wind forecast;

energy forecast;

energy price forecast;

spinning reserve price forecast reactive power price forecast ramping capability forecast inertial response forecast;

frequency response forecast;

a reference computation unit for computing references for operating the power generation facilities and the power storage facilities on the basis of the facility control plan; and

a reference distributor unit for distributing active power references and reactive power references between the power generation facilities and power storage facilities according to an active component and a reactive component of a grid requirement and to fulfill a grid requirement.

13. A method of controlling a power network comprising a plurality of power generation facilities connected to an electricity grid and a plurality of power storage facilities connected to the power generation facilities, wherein the power storage facilities comprises at least one reversible power storage facility, wherein power output by the power generation facilities and the at least one reversible power storage facility is collected at a point of common connection the method comprising:

monitoring a production capacity of the power generation facilities;

monitoring a storage capacity of the power storage facilities;

determining a grid requirement to be fulfilled, wherein the grid requirement can be required grid power to deliver;

determining an optimal facility control plan based on the storage capacity of the power storage facilities and the production capacity of the power generation facilities;

wherein determining the optimal facility control plan further comprises performing a revenue projection for a combination of energy and ancillary services based on a plurality of forecast variables comprising;

wind forecast;

energy forecast;

energy price forecast;

spinning reserve price forecast;

reactive power price forecast ramping capability forecast inertial response forecast frequency response forecast;

distributing active power references and reactive power references between the power generation facilities and power storage facilities according to an active component and a reactive component of a grid requirement; and

operating the power network, according to the optimal facility control plan, to feed power from the power generation facilities into the electricity grid and/or to transfer power from the power generation facilities to the power storage facilities and/or to consume power from the power storage facilities.