Nanostructured microelectrodes and biosensing devices incorporating the same
First Claim
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1. A biosensing device comprising:
- a substrate;
at least one electrically conductive lead on the substrate;
an insulating layer covering the lead, the insulating layer having an aperture exposing a portion of the lead;
a nanostructured microelectrode adapted by means of an electrocatalytic reporter system to generate a charge in response to a biomolecular stimulus, wherein the nanostructured microelectrode is fractal;
at least one probe molecule attached to said microelectrode; and
wherein said microelectrode is in electrical communication with the exposed portion of the lead.
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Abstract
Nanostructured microelectrodes and biosensing devices incorporating the same are disclosed herein.
58 Citations
21 Claims
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1. A biosensing device comprising:
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a substrate; at least one electrically conductive lead on the substrate; an insulating layer covering the lead, the insulating layer having an aperture exposing a portion of the lead; a nanostructured microelectrode adapted by means of an electrocatalytic reporter system to generate a charge in response to a biomolecular stimulus, wherein the nanostructured microelectrode is fractal; at least one probe molecule attached to said microelectrode; and wherein said microelectrode is in electrical communication with the exposed portion of the lead. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
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7. A biosensing cartridge comprising:
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a sample chamber comprising a biological sample; and a biosensing chamber containing a biosensing device comprising a nanostructured microelectrode, wherein the nanostructured microelectrode is fractal. - View Dependent Claims (8, 9)
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10. A method of detecting a biomolecular stimulus in a biological sample using a biosensing device comprising a nanostructured microelectrode, wherein said nanostructured microelectrode is fractal and includes a probe attached thereto, said method comprising:
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biasing the nanostructured microelectrode relative to a reference electrode; measuring a reference charge or reference current flow between the nanostructured microelectrode and the reference electrode; exposing the nanostructured microelectrode to the biological sample; measuring a charge or current flow generated at the nanostructured microelectrode with an electrocatalytic reporter system in response to the biomolecular stimulus; and determining the amount of biomolecular stimulus present by comparing the measured charge or measured current flow against the reference charge or reference current flow. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. A method of detecting the presence of a biomarker in a biological sample using a biosensing device comprising a nanostructured microelectrode adapted to generate a charge in response to a hybridization or protein-to-protein interaction event, wherein said nanostructured microelectrode is fractal and includes a probe attached thereto capable of hybridizing or binding to the biomarker of interest, the method comprising:
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biasing the nanostructured microelectrode relative to a reference electrode; measuring a reference charge or reference current flow between the nanostructured microelectrode and the reference electrode; exposing the nanostructured microelectrode to the biological sample; measuring a charge or current flow generated at the nanostructured microelectrode in response to the hybridization or interaction of the probe with the biomarker of interest, wherein the presence of a charge or current flow as compared to the reference is indicative of the presence of the biomarker of interest. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
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Specification