System and method for establishing real-time location

• US 9,794,753 B1
• Filed: 04/14/2017
• Issued: 10/17/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 04/15/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: DENSO Corporation
• Original Assignee: Infinitekey, Inc. (DENSO Corporation)
• Inventors: Stitt, Raymond Michael, Smith, Eric, Stroud, Michael, Hartman, Robert, Jager, Karl, Fominaya, IV, Antonio
• Primary Examiner(s): Ajibade Akonai, Olumide T
• Application Number:
  US15/488,136
• Publication Number:
  US 20170303090A1
• Time in Patent Office: 186 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/02 using radio waves using satellite radio beacon systems for determining position G01S19/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/31 User authentication
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/35 communicating wirelessly
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2221/2111 Location-sensitive, e.g. geographical location, GPS
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/00309 operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/28 the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/27 for locating or positioning the transmitter
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/318 Received signal strength
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2209/80 Wireless network architectures or network communication protocols for wireless network security H04W12/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2209/84 Vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/0823 using certificates cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for entity authentication involving certificates H04L9/3263
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/3226 using a predetermined code, e.g. password, passphrase or PIN network architectures or network communication protocols for supporting authentication of entities using passwords in a packet data network H04L63/083
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/06 Authentication
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/069 using certificates or pre-shared keys
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 24/08 Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/021 Services related to particular areas, e.g. point of interest [POI] services, venue services or geofences
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/023 using mutual or relative location information between multiple location based services [LBS] targets or of distance thresholds
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/029 Location-based management or tracking services
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/33 for indoor environments, e.g. buildings
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/40 for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/80 : Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 76/15 : Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 : Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Abstract

A communication system with a master device configured to determine location information in real-time with respect to a portable device. The master device may direct one or more monitor devices to monitor communications that occur over a primary communication link. The monitor devices may sense characteristic information about the signal from the portable device, and communicate this characteristic information to the master device via an auxiliary communication link. The communication system may determine location of the portable device, authenticate the portable device, determine whether the portable device is authorized to allow or initiate an action, and command or enable an action with respect to equipment.

Claims

1. A system for establishing location information in real-time, the system comprising:

a plurality of fixed position devices, each of said fixed position devices configured to communicate via an auxiliary communication link with at least one other of said plurality of fixed position devices, wherein fixed position information about each of said fixed position devices is stored in memory;

a portable device configured to communicate wirelessly via a primary communication link with a first one of said fixed position devices, wherein a second one of said fixed position devices is configured to monitor communication over said primary communication link between said first one of said fixed position devices and said portable device, wherein said second one of said fixed position devices determines one or more signal characteristics pertaining to said monitored communication and communicates signal information relating to said one or more signal characteristics, via said auxiliary communication link, to said at least one other of said fixed position devices;

wherein location information about said portable device is determined based on said signal information relating to said one or more signal characteristics communicated over said auxiliary communication link; and

wherein at least one of said fixed position devices is configured to authenticate and/or authorize an identity of said portable device, and wherein said determined location information is deemed valid if said identity of said portable device is authenticated and/or authorized.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein said location information is communicated to an equipment control, wherein the equipment control is adapted to at least one of a) monitor the location of the portable device and b) command or enable an equipment operation based on said location information.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein:

said first one of said fixed position devices is a master device;

said master device stores in memory one or more signal characteristics to be used as a basis for determining location of said portable device, wherein said one or more signal characteristics are determined based on communication over said primary communication link between said master device and said portable device;

said second one of said fixed position devices is a monitor device configured to sniff communication between said master device and said portable device to determine said one or more signal characteristics; and

said master device is configured to determine said location information about said portable device relative to said master device and said monitor devices based on a) said stored one or more signal characteristics of said portable device and b) said one or more signal characteristics determined by said monitor devices from said sniffed communication.

4. The system of claim 3 wherein said master device communicates at least one of schedule information and connection parameters over said auxiliary communication link to said monitor devices to enable sniffing of communication over said primary communication link.

5. The system of claim 1 wherein said auxiliary communication link is established using Bluetooth Low Energy hardware between said first one of said fixed position devices and said second one of said fixed position devices.

6. The system of claim 1 wherein a communication protocol of said primary communication link is Bluetooth Low Energy.

7. The system of claim 1 wherein the portable device is configured to measure one or more device-side signal characteristics for communications transmitted and/or received by the portable device, the portable device communicating the one or more device-side signal characteristics to the first one of the fixed position devices, wherein at least one of the plurality of fixed position devices are configured to dynamically calibrate based on the one or more device-side signal characteristics.

8. The system of claim 7 wherein dynamic calibration includes at least one of a) adjusting the one or more determined signal characteristics and b) adjusting the algorithm used to determine location.

9. The system of claim 7 wherein the one or more device-side signal characteristics pertain to at least one of a) communications over the primary communication link and b) a change in a state of the portable device, and c) sensor data from one or more device sensors.

10. The system of claim 1 wherein the portable device is configured to change its behavior and/or a content of communications over the primary communication link, wherein the portable device is configured to change its behavior and/or the content based on information provided by the first one of the fixed position devices.

11. The system of claim 10 wherein the information that forms the basis for changing the content includes at least one of a) a next channel on which to communicate, b) correlating information, and c) a command.

12. A device for establishing real-time location information about a portable device, said device comprising:

a first communication interface operable to receive wireless communication transmissions from the portable device, said first communication interface configured to obtain one or more device signal characteristics relating to said wireless communication transmissions received by the device from the portable device;

a second communication interface configured for communications with at least one fixed position device separate from the device, said communications including one or more communicated signal characteristics of wireless communication transmissions received by the at least one fixed position device from the portable device;

a controller operably coupled to said first communication interface and said second communication interface;

wherein location information about said portable device is determined based on said one or more signal characteristics; and

wherein an identity of the portable device is authenticated and/or authorized, and wherein said determined location information is deemed valid if said identity of the portable device is authenticated and/or authorized.

13. The device as claimed in claim 12 wherein:

said controller is configured to determine one or more auxiliary signal characteristics with respect to communications provided via the second communication interface;

the device is configured to measure the one or more auxiliary signal characteristics based on the communications provided via the second communication interface, wherein the device is configured to communicate the one or more auxiliary signal characteristics to another device via the second communication interface, and wherein the one or more communicated signal characteristics are based at least in part on the one or more auxiliary signal characteristics; and

the one or more auxiliary signal characteristics are one or more received signal characteristics of communications provided via the second communication interface, and wherein the one or more received signal characteristics include an RSSI of communications received via the second communication interface.

15. The device as claimed in claim 12 comprising an equipment operation interface configured to communicate with an equipment control that controls operation of equipment, wherein the device is fixedly disposed in relation to the equipment, wherein an equipment operation is at least one of enabled and/or commanded based on said location information.

16. The device as claimed in claim 15 wherein said enabled and/or commanded equipment operation is determined based on authentication and/or authorization of the portable device.

17. The device as claimed in claim 12 wherein said controller determines said location information about the portable device relative to the device based on said one or more device signal characteristics obtained from said first communication interface, said one or more communicated signal characteristics, and position information about the master device and the fixed position devices, wherein said position information is stored in memory of at least one of the master device, the fixed position devices, or both.

18. The device as claimed in claim 12 wherein:

the at least one fixed position device separate from the device includes a master device configured to communicate with the portable device via the first communication interface;

the device is a monitor device that sniffs communication between the portable device and the master device, wherein communications are sniffed via said first communication interface;

said one or more device signal characteristics are based on communications sniffed from said first communication interface; and

said controller communicates, via said second communications interface, said one or more communicated signal characteristics based on said one or more device signal characteristics.

14. The device as claimed in 12 wherein said second communication interface includes auxiliary communication circuitry, and wherein said first communication interface includes primary communication circuitry, wherein said auxiliary communication circuitry and said primary communication circuitry are substantially the same such that said first and second communication interface use the same type of hardware protocol, and wherein said communications via said first communication interface are separate from said communications via said second communication interface such that portable device operation is substantially unaffected by said communications via said secondary communication interface.

19. A method of determining a location of a portable device in real-time, said method comprising:

receiving, in a master device, wireless communications from a portable device via a wireless communication link;

directing at least one fixed position device to monitor the wireless communications from the portable device to the master device;

receiving, via an auxiliary communication link separate from the wireless communication, one or more signal characteristics based on the wireless communication monitored by the fixed position device;

obtaining position information relating to a position of the fixed position device; and

determining a location of the portable device based on the one or more signal characteristics and the position information;

authenticating and/or authorizing an identity of the portable device; and

deeming valid the one or more signal characteristics based on the identity of the portable device being authenticated and/or authorized.

20. The method of claim 19 comprising enabling and/or commanding an equipment operation based on the determined location.

21. The method of claim 20 wherein said enabling and/or commanding the equipment operation includes enabling and/or commanding the equipment operation based on authentication and/or authorization of the portable device.

22. The method of claim 19 wherein:

the one or more signal characteristics include at least one of received signal strength, received time of arrival, received time difference of arrival, and received angle of arrival; and

said determining the location includes determining the location based on one or more of a) a heuristic analysis of the one or more signal characteristics and the position information and b) a fingerprinting analysis of the one or more signal characteristics and the position information.

23. The method of claim 19 wherein the location of the portable device is determined with respect to a vehicle, and wherein said determining the location includes determining an algorithmic process based on an operating mode, wherein determining the algorithmic process includes selecting at least one of a trilateration algorithm, a triangulation algorithm, a heuristic analysis, and a fingerprinting analysis, and wherein the operating mode is determined based on at least one of a) whether the portable device is determined to be outside or inside a first zone relative to the vehicle and b) whether the portable device is determined to be outside or inside a cabin of the vehicle.

24. The method of claim 19 comprising determining at least one of motion information and position information for the portable device based on first sensor output from one or more first sensors.

25. The method claim 24 wherein the one or more first sensors includes at least one of an angular rate sensor, a magnetometer, an accelerometer, an ultrasonic speaker/microphone, and a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver;

and

comprising;

determining at least one of motion information and position information for the master device and/or the one or more monitor devices based on second sensor output from one or more second sensors, wherein the one or more second sensors includes at least one of an angular rate sensor, a magnetometer, an accelerometer, an ultrasonic speaker/microphone, a GPS receiver, a speedometer, an odometer, and an operational state sensor that provides an output indicative of an operational state and/or a characteristic of the object to which the master device and the one or more monitor devices are affixed; and

consolidating the at least one of motion information and position information for the portable device, the at least one of motion information and position information for the master and/or the one or more monitor devices, and the determined location of the portable device via at least one of a Kalman filter, a particle filter, a heuristic analysis, and a fingerprinting technique.

26. A method of calibrating a system for establishing location information about a portable device in real-time, said method comprising:

providing a first device and a second device in known locations relative to each other;

providing a plurality of uncalibrated devices in a fixed position relationship relative to each other and the first and second devices;

obtaining location information about the first device and the second device relative to each other;

establishing a communication connection via a primary communication link between the first device and at least one of the second device and the plurality of uncalibrated devices;

monitoring the communication connection to determine one or more signal characteristics indicative of position information with respect to the first device and each of the second device and the plurality of uncalibrated devices;

communicating information pertaining to the one or more signal characteristics via an auxiliary communication link separate from the primary link; and

determining calibration information with respect to the plurality of uncalibrated devices to yield a plurality of calibrated devices, wherein the calibration information facilitates determining positions of the plurality of calibrated devices relative to at least one of the first device and the second device.

27. The method of claim 26 comprising:

obtaining information about a known pattern of usage for the portable device with respect to the locations of the plurality of calibrated devices;

establishing a communication connection with the portable device via the primary communication link;

monitoring, in one or more of the calibrated devices, communications transmitted from the portable device in the communication connection to determine one or more signal characteristics;

communicating signal information pertaining to the one or more signal characteristics via the auxiliary communication link; and

further developing the calibration information based on a) the signal information pertaining to the one or more signal characteristics with respect to communications transmitted from the portable device and b) the known pattern of usage for the portable device.