Cyclonic fugitive dust sampler

• US 9,823,169 B1
• Filed: 04/21/2014
• Issued: 11/21/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 04/22/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: U.S. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior
• Original Assignee: The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of The Interior
• Inventors: Witt, III, Emitt C., Wronkiewicz, David J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Williams, Hezron E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Eyassu, Marrit
• Application Number:
  US14/257,092
• Time in Patent Office: 1,310 Days
• Field of Search: 73863, 73 21, 7386322
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 45/16 generated by the winding course of the gas stream , the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes
• CPC Class Codes: B04C 2009/002 with external filters
• CPC Class Codes: B04C 2009/005 with external rotors, e.g. impeller, ventilator, fan, blower, pump
• CPC Class Codes: B04C 2009/008 with injection or suction of gas or liquid into the cyclone
• CPC Class Codes: B04C 5/04 Tangential inlets
• CPC Class Codes: B04C 5/185 Dust collectors
• CPC Class Codes: B04C 9/00 Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water lockswith filters B01D50/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 1/04 in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 1/2211 with cyclones
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 1/2273 Atmospheric sampling

Abstract

A dust sampling system including a dust sampler and a vehicle on which the dust sampler is placed. The dust sampler has a suction unit, a cyclone, a dust collection container, and an air intake conduit. The suction unit draws in air containing dust particles. The cyclone centrifugally separates the dust particles from the drawn-in air. The cyclone has an air input port, a particle discharge end, and an air output port connected to the suction unit. A dust collection container is positioned underneath the cyclone to receive the separated dust particles from the cyclone. The air intake conduit has an air inlet and an air outlet connected to the air input port of the cyclone. The suction unit draws in the air containing the dust particles into the air inlet of the air intake conduit while the vehicle moves to collect samples of fugitive dust from a road.

Claims

1. A dust sampling system, comprising:

a discrete portable dust sampler, comprising;

a suction unit to draw in air containing dust particles,

a cyclone to centrifugally separate the dust particles from the drawn-in air, the cyclone having an air input port, a particle discharge end, and an air output port connected to the suction unit by a suction hose,

an enclosed dust collection container positioned underneath the cyclone to only receive and store the separated dust particles from the cyclone, and

an air intake conduit having an air inlet and an air outlet connected to the air input port of the cyclone; and

the dust sampler is configured to operate being mounted on an external part of a vehicle on which the dust sampler is placed,

wherein the suction unit draws in the air containing the dust particles into the air inlet of the air intake conduit while the vehicle moves to collect samples of fugitive dust from a road;

whereby the dust collection container is positioned between the suction unit and the air intake conduit;

a frame on which the dust sampler is mounted, the frame comprising;

a base having a first end and a second end;

a suction unit support member having an opening to receive the suction unit, the suction unit support member being attached to the first end of the base at a height sufficient to support the suction unit;

a conduit support member having a first leg, a second leg, and a conduit arm, the first leg and the second leg being attached to the second end of the base and the conduit arm being attached to top ends of the first leg and second leg and extending out and away from the second end of the base, the conduit support member supporting the air intake conduit and extending over an end of the vehicle;

a cap mount having an opening to receive the particle discharge end of the cyclone; and

a container support member having an opening to receive the dust collection container,

the container support member being attached to the base between the first leg and the second leg at a height sufficient to support the dust collection container,

wherein the frame holds the dust collection container, the cyclone, the air intake conduit,

and the suction unit in place while the vehicle is moving and the samples are being collected.

2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a cap for the dust collection container, the cap being attached to a recess in an underside of the cap mount.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the suction unit is a shop vacuum having a 5.5 peak horsepower motor and an airflow rate of 5.52 m3/min.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the suction unit has an air intake port and a filter attached to the air intake port to trap dust particles not deposited in the dust collection container.

5. The system of claim 4, further comprising a static pressure sensor attached to the air intake port to measure airflow changes resulting from filter loading.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein a height of the air inlet of the air intake conduit is adjustable.

7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a Geospatial Position System (GPS) unit with a data logger to track a beginning and ending position of the dust sampler deployed in the moving vehicle.

8. The system of claim 1, further comprising a cascading impactor connected to the suction unit and to the air output port of the cyclone to trap dust particles not deposited in the dust collection container.

9. A cyclonic dust sampler, comprising:

a suction unit to draw in air containing dust particles;

a cyclone that centrifugally separate the dust particles from the drawn-in air, the cyclone having an air input port, a particle discharge end, and an air output port connected to the suction unit by a suction hose with a width narrower than the cyclone;

a discrete enclosed dust collection container positioned underneath the cyclone to only receive and store the separated dust particles from the cyclone; and

an air intake conduit having an air inlet and an air outlet connected to the air input port of the cyclone, a height of the air inlet above a surface to be sampled being adjustable;

a frame on which the dust sampler is mounted, the frame comprising;

a base having a first end and a second end;

a suction unit support member having an opening to receive the suction unit, the suction unit support member being attached to the first end of the base at a height sufficient to support the suction unit;

a conduit support member having a first leg, a second leg, and a conduit arm, the first leg and the second leg being attached to the second end of the base and the conduit arm being attached to top ends of the first leg and second leg and extending out and away from the second end of the base, the conduit support member supporting the air intake conduit and extending over an end of the vehicle;

a cap mount having an opening to receive the particle discharge end of the cyclone; and

a container support member having an opening to receive the dust collection container, the container support member being attached to the base between the first leg and the second leg at a height sufficient to support the dust collection container.

10. The sampler of claim 9, further comprising a cap for the dust collection container, the cap being attached to a recess in an underside of the cap mount.

11. The sampler of claim 9, wherein the suction unit has an air intake port and a filter attached to the air intake port to trap dust particles not deposited in the dust collection container.

12. A method of collecting samples of fugitive dust, comprising:

providing a discrete portable dust sampler having;

a suction unit to draw in air containing dust particles,

a cyclone to centrifugally separate the dust particles from the drawn-in air, the cyclone having an air input port, a particle discharge end, and an air output port connected to the suction unit,

an enclosed dust collection container positioned underneath the cyclone to only receive and store the separated dust particles from the cyclone, and

an air intake conduit having an air inlet and an air outlet connected to the air input port of the cyclone;

providing a vehicle and placing the dust sampler on an external part of the vehicle;

positioning a height of the air inlet of the air intake conduit to a desired height above a road surface;

turning on the suction unit to draw air containing the dust particles into the air inlet of the air intake conduit while the vehicle moves to collect samples of fugitive dust from the road;

driving the vehicle along the road for a predefined distance at a predefined speed while tracking a position of the dust sampler as the vehicle moves using a data logger of a Geospatial Positioning System unit; and

removing the dust collection container containing the sample and storing it for subsequent analysis, and before collecting another sampler dismantling the entire dust sampler for washing or replacing with pre-cleaned components of the same specification.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the vehicle travels at a speed of about 40.2 km/hour to about 56.3 km/hour.

14. The method of claim 12, further comprising attaching a filter to an air intake port of the suction unit to trap dust particles not deposited in the dust collection container.

15. The method of claim 12, further comprising replacing the cyclone and the dust collection container with another pre-cleaned cyclone and another pre-cleaned dust collection container, and collecting additional samples.

16. The method of claim 12, wherein said placing the dust sampler on the vehicle comprises positioning the dust sampler in a pickup truck having a bed, a tailgate, rear tires, and an exhaust pipe so that the air inlet of the air intake conduit reaches over the tailgate behind the rear tires and on an opposite side of the exhaust pipe, and angling the dust sampler at about a 45-degree angle from a longitudinal axis of the tailgate so that the dust sampler collects suspended dust rather than fine sand to granule-sized particles thrown by the rear tires.

17. A dust sampling system,

comprising:

a discrete portable dust sampler, comprising;

a suction unit to draw in air containing dust particles,

a cyclone to centrifugally separate the dust particles from the drawn-in air, the cyclone having an air input port, a particle discharge end, and an air output port connected to the suction unit by a suction hose,

an enclosed dust collection container positioned underneath the cyclone to only receive and store the separated dust particles from the cyclone, and

an air intake conduit having an air inlet and an air outlet connected to the air input port of the cyclone; and

the dust sampler is configured to operate being mounted on an external part of a vehicle on which the dust sampler is placed,

wherein the suction unit draws in the air containing the dust particles into the air inlet of the air intake conduit while the vehicle moves to collect samples of fugitive dust from a road;

whereby the dust collection container is positioned between the suction unit and the air intake conduit;

whereby the vehicle includes a bed, a tailgate, rear tires, and an exhaust pipe and the dust sampler is positioned in the truck bed so that the air inlet of the air intake conduit reaches over the tailgate behind the rear tires and on an opposite side of the exhaust pipe, the dust sampler being positioned at a 45-degree angle from a longitudinal axis of the tailgate so that the dust sampler collects suspended dust rather than fine sand to granule-sized particles thrown by the rear tires.