Rugged, gel-free, lithium-free, high energy density solid-state electrochemical energy storage devices
First Claim
1. A Faradaic solid-state energy storage device comprising:
- a first electrode,wherein the first electrode has a first thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm, andwherein the first electrode comprises a first redox-supporting transition metal, an oxide of the first redox-supporting transition metal, or a combination of the first redox-supporting transition metal and the oxide of the first redox-supporting transition metal;
a solid electrolyte positioned in direct contact with the first electrode,wherein the solid electrolyte has a second thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 500 nm, andwherein the solid electrolyte comprises a solid-state, oxygen ion conducting ceramic electrolyte, wherein the solid-state, oxygen ion conducting ceramic electrolyte has a crystal structure including vacancies that permit conduction or migration of oxygen ions through the crystal structure; and
a second electrode positioned in direct contact with the solid electrolyte,wherein the second electrode has a third thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm, andwherein the second electrode comprises a second redox-supporting transition metal, an oxide of the second redox-supporting transition metal, or a combination of the second redox-supporting transition metal and the oxide of the second redox-supporting transition metal.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Described are solid-state electrochemical energy storage devices and methods of making solid-state electrochemical energy storage devices in which components of the batteries are truly solid-state and do not comprise a gel. Nor do they rely on lithium-containing electrolytes. Electrolytes useful with the solid-state electrochemical energy storage described herein include, for example, ceramic electrolytes exhibiting a crystal structure including voids or crystallographic defects that permit conduction or migration of oxygen ions across a layer of the ceramic electrolyte. Disclosed methods of making solid-state electrochemical energy storage devices include multi-stage deposition processes, in which an electrode is deposited in a first stage and an electrolyte is deposited in a second stage.
250 Citations
20 Claims
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1. A Faradaic solid-state energy storage device comprising:
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a first electrode, wherein the first electrode has a first thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm, and wherein the first electrode comprises a first redox-supporting transition metal, an oxide of the first redox-supporting transition metal, or a combination of the first redox-supporting transition metal and the oxide of the first redox-supporting transition metal; a solid electrolyte positioned in direct contact with the first electrode, wherein the solid electrolyte has a second thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 500 nm, and wherein the solid electrolyte comprises a solid-state, oxygen ion conducting ceramic electrolyte, wherein the solid-state, oxygen ion conducting ceramic electrolyte has a crystal structure including vacancies that permit conduction or migration of oxygen ions through the crystal structure; and a second electrode positioned in direct contact with the solid electrolyte, wherein the second electrode has a third thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm, and wherein the second electrode comprises a second redox-supporting transition metal, an oxide of the second redox-supporting transition metal, or a combination of the second redox-supporting transition metal and the oxide of the second redox-supporting transition metal. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. A method of making a Faradaic solid-state energy storage device, the method comprising:
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depositing a first electrode on a substrate, wherein the first electrode has a first thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm, wherein the first electrode comprises a first redox-supporting transition metal, an oxide of the first redox-supporting transition metal, or a combination of the first redox-supporting transition metal and the oxide of the first redox-supporting transition metal, and wherein depositing the first electrode includes depositing using a first controllable deposition method; depositing a solid electrolyte on the first electrode, wherein the solid electrolyte has a second thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 500 nm, wherein the solid electrolyte comprises a solid-state, oxygen ion conducting ceramic electrolyte, wherein the solid-state, oxygen ion conducting ceramic has a crystal structure including vacancies that permit conduction or migration of oxygen ions through the crystal structure, and wherein depositing the solid electrolyte includes depositing using a second controllable deposition method; and depositing a second electrode on the solid electrolyte, wherein the second electrode has a third thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm, wherein the second electrode comprises a second redox-supporting transition metal, an oxide of the second redox-supporting transition metal, or a combination of the second redox-supporting transition metal and the oxide of the second redox-supporting transition metal, and wherein depositing the second electrode includes depositing using a third controllable deposition method. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18)
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19. A Faradaic solid-state energy storage device comprising:
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a first electrode, wherein the first electrode has a first thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 80nm, and wherein the first electrode comprises a cobalt oxide or a nickel oxide; a solid electrolyte positioned in direct contact with the first electrode, wherein the solid electrolyte has a second thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 500 nm, and wherein the solid electrolyte comprises a solid-state, oxygen ion conducting yttrium stabilized zirconium (YSZ) electrolyte, wherein the solid-state, oxygen ion conducting YSZ electrolyte has a crystal structure including vacancies that permit conduction or migration of oxygen ions through the YSZ; a second electrode positioned in direct contact with the solid electrolyte, wherein the second electrode has a third thickness greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 80nm, and wherein the second electrode comprises cobalt oxide or nickel oxide; a plurality of additional solid electrolytes, each of the plurality of additional solid electrolytes positioned in direct contact with one or two electrodes, wherein the plurality of additional solid electrolytes each independently have thicknesses greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 500 nm, and wherein the plurality of additional solid electrolytes comprise the solid-state, oxygen ion conducting ceramic electrolyte; and a plurality of additional electrodes, each of the plurality of additional electrodes positioned in direct contact with one or two of the plurality of additional solid electrolytes, wherein the plurality of additional electrodes each independently have thicknesses greater than 1 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm, and wherein the plurality of additional electrodes each independently comprise cobalt oxide or nickel oxide. - View Dependent Claims (20)
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Specification