Ultrasound-based force sensing of inputs

• US 9,891,738 B2
• Filed: 06/17/2015
• Issued: 02/13/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 07/26/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Huppi, Brian Q., Grunthaner, Martin P., Elias, John G., Filiz, Sinan, Hotelling, Steven P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Moon, Seokyun
• Application Number:
  US14/742,500
• Publication Number:
  US 20160062530A1
• Time in Patent Office: 972 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2203/04106 Multi-sensing digitiser, i.e. digitiser using at least two different sensing technologies simultaneously or alternatively, e.g. for detecting pen and finger, for saving power or for improving position detection
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2203/04808 Several contacts: gestures triggering a specific function, e.g. scrolling, zooming, right-click, when the user establishes several contacts with the surface simultaneously; e.g. using several fingers or a combination of fingers and pen
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/023 Arrangements for converting discrete items of information into a coded form, e.g. arrangements for interpreting keyboard generated codes as alphanumeric codes, operand codes or instruction codes
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0412 Digitisers structurally integrated in a display
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0416 Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/043 using propagating acoustic waves
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0488 using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04886 by partitioning the display area of the touch-screen or the surface of the digitising tablet into independently controllable areas, e.g. virtual keyboards or menus

Abstract

An electronic device that senses home button inputs through ultrasonic force sensing. The electronic device may correlate that amount of force that a user applies to the home button with a specific home button command. In certain embodiments, the system may combine the force of touch information with other information that is sensed for a particular touch to correlate the touch input with a greater number of home button commands. A home button embodiment discussed herein may include a home button image that is displayed on a touch sensitive panel. In other embodiments, a home button may be located outside of the boundaries of a touch sensitive panel.

Claims

1. A force-sensitive device, comprising:

a non-mechanical, non-depressible button;

an ultrasound-based force-sensing element underlying the button with respect to a bottom surface of the device, the force-sensing element comprising;

at least one emitter operative to transmit an energy pulse toward a surface of the button; and

at least one receiver configured to receive a reflected energy pulse from the surface of the button;

a sensing layer configured to detect a location of a touch on the force-sensitive device; and

a processor operative to receive force data based on the touch from the force-sensing element and interpret the force data as a command associated with the button;

wherein

the reflected energy pulse is indicative of the force data;

based on a first magnitude of force, the command comprises a first command; and

based on a second magnitude of force different from the first magnitude of force, the command comprises a second command.

2. The force-sensitive device of claim 1, wherein the button is indicated by an image rendered by a display.

3. The force-sensitive device of claim 1, wherein:

the at least one receiver is operatively coupled to the processor and configured to transmit a signal to the processor corresponding to the reflected energy pulse.

4. The force-sensitive device of claim 3, wherein the processor is operative to determine an estimate of force applied to the button based at least in part on the reflected energy pulse.

5. The force-sensitive device of claim 1, wherein the button comprises an icon positioned within a black mask of a display.

6. The force-sensitive device of claim 1, wherein the sensing layer is positioned beneath the button.

7. The force-sensitive device of claim 6, wherein the sensing layer is formed from di-titanium oxide.

8. The force-sensitive device of claim 1, further comprising a display configured to depict the button, the display positioned above the force-sensing element with respect to a bottom surface of the device.

9. The force-sensitive device of claim 8, wherein the display is configured to provide feedback in response to a sensed force.

10. A method for determining and responding to an input force, comprising:

ultrasonically sensing a force exerted on a button or a touch screen of an electronic device, the button or the touch screen being non-depressible and non-mechanical, by;

transmitting an energy pulse toward a bottom surface of the button or the touch screen; and

receiving a reflected energy pulse from the bottom surface of the button or the touch screen;

determining a magnitude of the force based on the reflected energy pulse;

correlating the force to an input command, the correlated input command chosen from three or more input commands based on the magnitude of the force exerted on the button or the touch screen; and

executing the correlated input command.

11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

determining a duration during which the force is exerted on the button or the touch screen of the electronic device; and

choosing the correlated input command from the three or more input commands is based on both the duration and the magnitude of the force.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein:

the force is a first force; and

the method further comprises;

setting a timer in response to sensing the first force exerted on the button or the touch screen of the electronic device;

determining that a second force is exerted on the button or the touch screen during the duration of the timer; and

in response to determining that the second force is exerted on the button or the touch screen during the duration of the timer, ignoring the first force.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein:

the force is a first force; and

the method further comprises;

setting a timer in response to sensing the first force exerted on the button or the touch screen of the electronic device;

determining that a second force is exerted on the button or the touch screen during the duration of the timer; and

in response to determining that the second force is exerted on the button or the touch screen during the duration of the timer, correlating both the first force and the second force to the input command.

14. An electronic device, comprising:

a touch-sensitive display;

a non-mechanical, non-depressible button;

an ultrasound-based force-sensing element positioned below the button and configured to detect force data indicating an amount of force applied to the button, the force-sensing element comprising;

an emitter operative to transmit an ultrasonic pulse toward a surface of the display;

a receiver configured to receive a reflected ultrasonic pulse indicative of the force data; and

a processor operative to;

receive the force data and estimate the amount of force;

execute a first command in response to the amount of force equaling or exceeding a first threshold; and

execute a second command in response to the amount of force equaling or exceeding a second threshold greater than the first threshold.

15. The electronic device of claim 14, wherein the button comprises an image rendered by the display.

16. The electronic device of claim 14, wherein

the receiver is operatively coupled to the processor and configured to transmit a signal to the processor corresponding to the reflected energy pulse.

17. The electronic device of claim 16, wherein the processor is operative to determine the estimate of force applied to the button based at least in part on the reflected energy pulse.

18. The electronic device of claim 14, wherein the button is positioned within a border adjacent the display.

19. The electronic device of claim 14, wherein the processor is further configured to:

execute a third command in response to the amount of force equaling or exceeding a third threshold greater than the second threshold.

20. The electronic device of claim 14, wherein the processor is further configured to:

determine a duration during which the force is exerted; and

vary the first command or the second command based on both the duration of the force and the amount of force.