Method and apparatus for a spectral detector for noninvasive detection and monitoring of a variety of biomarkers and other blood constituents in the conjunctiva
First Claim
1. A method of non-invasively measuring a blood constituent through an epithelium and vessel walls of blood vessels at a region of a subject with light with a spectrometer, the method comprising:
- generating a monochromatic light beam with a light source, the monochromatic beam comprising a wavelength having a frequency at an electronic excitation of the blood constituent to generate resonance Raman peaks;
delivering the monochromatic light beam through the epithelium vessel walls to the blood constituent at the region with an optical delivery system;
receiving with an optical separator light energy from the blood constituent through the epithelium and the vessel walls to selectively transmit the resonance Raman peaks;
measuring the resonance Raman peaks from the blood constituent at the region with an optical detector;
generating a reference beam to illuminate blood at the region with the reference light beam;
measuring a portion of the reference beam backscattered from the blood at the region with a reference detector; and
determining an amount of the blood constituent from the resonance Raman peaks and the portion of the reference beam backscattered from the blood at the region.
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Abstract
A specialized spectrometer comprises a light source to generate a monochromatic light beam to generate resonance Raman peaks or resonance near infrared absorption peaks from a region of the subject and a reference light source to illuminate the region with a reference light beam. The light energy from the resonance Raman peaks can be measured with a detector coupled to an optical wavelength separator. A portion of the reference beam scattered from the region can be measured with a reference detector. An amount of the constituent can be determined with a processor in response to the resonance Raman peaks measured with the detector and the portion of the reference beam measured with the reference detector. The illumination of the region with reference beam with the monochromatic beam allows accurate determination of the amount of the constituent, and the amount may comprise a concentration, such as an amount per unit volume.
48 Citations
20 Claims
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1. A method of non-invasively measuring a blood constituent through an epithelium and vessel walls of blood vessels at a region of a subject with light with a spectrometer, the method comprising:
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generating a monochromatic light beam with a light source, the monochromatic beam comprising a wavelength having a frequency at an electronic excitation of the blood constituent to generate resonance Raman peaks; delivering the monochromatic light beam through the epithelium vessel walls to the blood constituent at the region with an optical delivery system; receiving with an optical separator light energy from the blood constituent through the epithelium and the vessel walls to selectively transmit the resonance Raman peaks; measuring the resonance Raman peaks from the blood constituent at the region with an optical detector; generating a reference beam to illuminate blood at the region with the reference light beam; measuring a portion of the reference beam backscattered from the blood at the region with a reference detector; and determining an amount of the blood constituent from the resonance Raman peaks and the portion of the reference beam backscattered from the blood at the region. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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Specification