Method, system and device for positioning an implant

• US 9,949,665 B2
• Filed: 06/17/2011
• Issued: 04/24/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 06/17/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Smith & Nephew Incorporated (Smith & Nephew PLC), Smith & Nephew Orthopaedics Ag (Smith & Nephew PLC), Smith & Nephew Pte. Limited (Smith & Nephew PLC)
• Original Assignee: Brainlab AG
• Inventors: Mller, Heiko, Schubert, Mario, Haimerl, Martin
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith, Ruth S
• Application Number:
  US14/125,722
• Publication Number:
  US 20140114179A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,503 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00477 Coupling A61B2017/0046 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/105 Modelling of the patient, e.g. for ligaments or bones
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2048 using an accelerometer or inertia sensor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2055 Optical tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2068 using pointers, e.g. pointers having reference marks for determining coordinates of body points
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/0818 Redundant systems, e.g. using two independent measuring systems and comparing the signals
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/067 using accelerometers or gyroscopes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4603 for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4609 of acetabular cups

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for measuring or verifying the position of a medical implant located in an anatomical body part(s) and/or structure(s) relative to the body part(s) and/or structure(s) or specific points, landmarks or planes of the same, wherein a device is provided which has an at least partially known or previously determined geometry or at least partially known dimensions and is connected to the medical implant; positional or landmark information regarding the anatomical body part(s) and/or structure(s) is acquired; the position of the medical implant is calculated using a navigation system and a reference structure which is or can be connected to the device; and the calculated position of the medical implant is related to or compared with the acquired positional or landmark information regarding the anatomical body part(s) and/or structure(s) in order to measure or verify the position of the medical implant within or relative to the anatomical body part(s) and/or structure(s).

Claims

1. A method for measuring a position of a medical implant relative to an associated anatomical body part using an associated inserter or impactor device operably coupled with a reference structure and having an at least partially known or previously determined geometry or at least partially known dimensions, the medical implant being axially symmetric about an axis defined by the medical implant, the method comprising:

releasably connecting the medical implant with the associated inserter or impactor device such that a relative alignment between the axis defined by the medical implant and the associated inserter or impactor device is fixed or determined and with a rotational position of the medical implant about the axis being arbitrary;

acquiring positional or landmark information regarding the associated anatomical body part by using a pointer to which a reference element, an inertial sensor, or a reference element and an inertial sensor is connected;

calculating an orientation of the axis defined by the medical implant and a position of the medical implant along the axis using a navigation system and the reference structure operably coupled with the associated inserter or impactor device; and

comparing the calculated orientation of the axis defined by the medical implant and the position of the medical implant along the axis with the acquired positional or landmark information regarding the associated anatomical body part in order to measure the position of the medical implant relative to the associated anatomical body part.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising using the associated inserter or impactor device to move the medical implant into a desired position within the associated anatomical body part.

3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising considering the position of a further already set implant for determining a correct seat of the medical implant in the associated anatomical body part.

4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

determining a reference position of the medical implant based on the acquired positional or landmark information regarding the associated anatomical body part; and

comparing the calculated position of the medical implant along the axis with the determined reference position of the medical implant in order to verify the position of the medical implant relative to the anatomical body part.

5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

determining correction information by comparing the calculated position of the medical implant with a determined reference position of the medical implant as derived from the positional or landmark information regarding the associated anatomical body part, wherein the correction information provides quantitative information regarding deviation between the medical implant and the determined reference position.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising moving an external marker or marker structure into a fixed relationship with respect to the associated anatomical body part in order to act as a reference for maintaining registration of the anatomical body part.

7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising using a gyrosensor as the inertial sensor attached with the associated inserter or impactor device to provide tracking information regarding the associated inserter or impactor device and/or using a gyrosensor as the inertial sensor attached with the pointer to provide tracking information regarding the pointer.

8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising disconnecting the associated inserter or impactor device from the medical implant once the medical implant has been moved into the associated anatomical body part, and a reference element or reference structure is connected to the medical implant in order to determine the position of the medical implant.

9. A method for placing a medical implant axially symmetric about an axis defined by the medical implant in an associated anatomical body part, the method comprising:

placing the medical implant in the associated anatomical body part using an associated inserter or impactor device coupled with the medical implant such that a relative alignment between the axis defined by the medical implant and the associated inserter or impactor device is fixed or determined and such that a rotational position of the medical implant about the axis is arbitrary; and

measuring a position of the medical implant by;

acquiring positional or landmark information regarding the associated anatomical body part by using a pointer to which a reference element, an inertial sensor, or a reference element and an inertial sensor is connected;

calculating an orientation of the axis defined by the medical implant and a position of the medical implant relative to the axis using a navigation system and a reference structure operably coupled with the associated inserter or impactor device; and

comparing the calculated orientation of the axis defined by the medical implant and the position of the medical implant relative to the axis with the acquired positional or landmark information regarding the associated anatomical body part in order to measure the position of the medical implant within the associated anatomical body part.

10. A program comprising computer executable instructions recorded on or stored in a non-transitory computer readable medium which, when executed on an associated computer causes the associated computer to perform a method for placing a medical implant in an associated anatomical body part, the medical implant being axially symmetric about an axis defined by the medical implant, the method comprising:

acquiring positional or landmark information regarding an associated anatomical body part by using a pointer to which a reference element, an inertial sensor, or a reference element and an inertial sensor is connected; and

calculating an orientation of the axis defined by the medical implant and a position of the medical implant along the axis using a navigation system and a reference structure operably coupled with an inserter or impactor device releasably connected with the medical implant,

wherein the calculated orientation of the axis defined by the medical implant and the position of the medical implant along the axis is compared with the acquired positional or landmark information regarding the associated anatomical body part in order to measure the position of the medical implant relative to the associated anatomical body part.

11. A system for determining the position of an axially symmetrical medical implant relative to an associated anatomical body part, the system comprising:

a database;

a navigation system; and

a processor which is connected with the database and the navigation system, wherein the processor;

acquires positional or landmark information regarding the associated anatomical body part while using a pointer to which a reference element, an inertial sensor, or a reference element and an inertial sensor is connected, and

calculates an orientation of an axis defined by the medical implant and a position of the medical implant along the axis using a navigation system and a reference structure operably coupled with an inserter or impactor device releasably connected with the medical implant,

wherein the calculated orientation of the axis defined by the medical implant and the position of the medical implant along the axis is compared with the acquired positional or landmark information regarding the associated anatomical body part in order to determine the position of the medical implant relative to the associated anatomical body part.