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Electrochemical energy storage devices

  • US 9,964,828 B2
  • Filed: 05/26/2015
  • Issued: 05/08/2018
  • Est. Priority Date: 05/27/2014
  • Status: Active Grant
First Claim
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1. An electrochromic device comprising:

  • a cathodic material covalently attached to, or confined within, a first polymer matrix; and

    an anodic compound polymerized into a second polymer matrix;

    wherein;

    the cathodic material is a viologen;

    the anodic compound is a phenazine, a bisphenazine, a phenothiazine, a bisphenothiazine, a triphenodithiazine, a bis(triphenodithiazine), a carbazole, a indolocarbazole, a biscarbazole, or a ferrocene;

    the electrochromic device exhibits a high transmission state at short circuit and a low transmission state upon application of an electric potential;

    the high transmission state is at least 5 times greater than the low transmission state; and

    the electrochromic device is configured to maintain a transmission percentage within 20% of the low transmission state for at least 5 hours at open circuit after application of a potential sufficient to reach to the low transmissions state.

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