Wireless power transmission system capable of continuing power transmission while suppressing heatup of foreign objects

• US 9,997,961 B2
• Filed: 11/01/2013
• Issued: 06/12/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 11/02/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. (Panasonic Holdings Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. (Panasonic Holdings Corporation)
• Inventors: Kanno, Hiroshi, Asanuma, Kenichi
• Primary Examiner(s): Tran, Thienvu
• Assistant Examiner(s): Sun, PinPing
• Application Number:
  US14/368,375
• Publication Number:
  US 20140339915A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,684 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/12 Bikes
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/10 DC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/30 AC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/36 Temperature of vehicle components or parts
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/20 using propulsion power generated by humans or animals
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/124 Detection or removal of foreign bodies
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/36 by positioning the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/51 Photovoltaic means
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 38/14 Inductive couplings for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling H02J50/10
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/20 using microwaves or radio frequency waves
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/60 responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/35 with light sensitive cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

A power transmitting antenna includes a first resonant circuit including a power transmitting coil. A power receiving antenna includes a second resonant circuit including a power receiving coil. When the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna are electromagnetically coupled to each other, the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna have an odd-mode resonance frequency corresponding to an odd-mode resonant condition, and an even-mode resonance frequency corresponding to an even-mode resonant condition, and the even-mode resonance frequency is higher than the odd-mode resonance frequency. A wireless power transmitting apparatus is provided with a power transmitting circuit configured to generate high-frequency power at a variable frequency, and supply the high-frequency power to the power transmitting antenna. A control circuit sets the frequency of the high-frequency power generated by the power transmitting circuit to one of the odd-mode resonance frequency and the even-mode resonance frequency.

Claims

1. A control circuit of a wireless power transmitting apparatus in a wireless power transmission system for transmitting high-frequency power from the wireless power transmitting apparatus to a wireless power receiving apparatus,

wherein the wireless power transmitting apparatus comprises a power transmitting antenna including a first resonant circuit including a power transmitting coil,

wherein the wireless power receiving apparatus comprises a power receiving antenna including a second resonant circuit including a power receiving coil,

wherein, when the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna are electromagnetically coupled to each other, the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna have an operating band including an odd-mode resonance frequency corresponding to an odd-mode resonant condition, and an even-mode resonance frequency corresponding to an even-mode resonant condition, and the even-mode resonance frequency is higher than the odd-mode resonance frequency,

wherein the control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus sets a circuit constant of the wireless power transmitting apparatus associated with the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other, such that the operating band is set to one of a first operating band and a second operating band different from each other, and the first operating band including an odd-mode resonance frequency and an even-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band, and the second operating band including an odd-mode resonance frequency and an even-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band,

wherein the even-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band is set to be higher than the even-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band, and the odd-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band is set to be higher than the odd-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band,

wherein the control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus repeatedly alternates a first time interval and a second time interval the first time interval has a first continuous operating time during which the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other is set to the first operating band, and the second time interval has a second continuous operating time during which the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other is set to the second operating band,

wherein the first continuous operating time is set to be shorter than a shortest period of time during which a temperature of a foreign object reaches a threshold temperature, when high-frequency power is transmitted at the odd-mode resonance frequency and the foreign object is present near the power transmitting coil or the power receiving coil, and

wherein the second continuous operating time is set to be shorter than a shortest period of time during which a temperature of a foreign object reaches the threshold temperature, when high-frequency power is transmitted at the even-mode resonance frequency and the foreign object is present near the power transmitting coil or the power receiving coil.

2. The control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 1,

wherein the power transmitting antenna has at least one of a variable inductance and a variable capacitance, and

wherein the circuit constant of the wireless power transmitting apparatus includes at least one of the inductance and the capacitance of the power transmitting antenna.

3. The control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 1,

wherein the power transmitting apparatus further comprises a matching circuit connected to the power transmitting antenna, the matching circuit having at least one of a variable inductance and a variable capacitance, and

wherein the circuit constant of the wireless power transmitting apparatus includes at least one of the inductance and the capacitance of the matching circuit.

4. The control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 1,

wherein the circuit constant of the wireless power transmitting apparatus includes a coupling coefficient between the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna.

5. The control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 1,

wherein the wireless power receiving apparatus further comprises a control circuit of the wireless power receiving apparatus, the control circuit of the wireless power receiving configured to set a circuit constant of the wireless power receiving apparatus associated with the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other, under control of the control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus, and

wherein the control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus sets at least one of the circuit constant of the wireless power transmitting apparatus and the circuit constant of the wireless power receiving apparatus, such that the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other is set to one of the first operating band and the second operating band.

6. The control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 5,

wherein the power receiving antenna has at least one of a variable inductance and a variable capacitance, and

wherein the circuit constant of the wireless power receiving apparatus includes at least one of the inductance and the capacitance of the power receiving antenna.

7. The control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 5,

wherein the power receiving apparatus further comprises a matching circuit connected to the power receiving antenna, the matching circuit having at least one of a variable inductance and a variable capacitance, and

wherein the circuit constant of the wireless power receiving apparatus includes at least one of the inductance and the capacitance of the matching circuit.

8. The control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 5,

wherein the circuit constant of the wireless power receiving apparatus includes a coupling coefficient between the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna.

9. The control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 1,

wherein at least a part of the power transmitting coil includes a winding wound substantially on a plane and has a central portion and a peripheral portion,

wherein at least a part of the power receiving coil includes a winding wound substantially on a plane and has a central portion and a peripheral portion,

wherein the power transmitting coil is provided close to the power receiving coil such that, when the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna are electromagnetically coupled to each other, the central portion of the power transmitting coil is opposed to the central portion of the power receiving coil, and the peripheral portion of the power transmitting coil is opposed to the peripheral portion of the power receiving coil,

wherein a magnetic flux density at the central portion of the power transmitting coil and the power receiving coil is lower when the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna are in the even-mode resonant condition, than when the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna are in the odd-mode resonant condition, and

wherein a magnetic flux density at the peripheral portion of the power transmitting coil and the power receiving coil is lower when the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna are in the odd-mode resonant condition, than when the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna are in the even-mode resonant condition.

10. The control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 1,

wherein the wireless power receiving apparatus is connected to a load apparatus to which the wireless power receiving apparatus supplies power, and

wherein, when requested by the load apparatus to supply power at a maximum current, the control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus repeatedly alternates the first time interval and the second time interval.

11. The control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 1,

wherein the control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus reduces the first continuous operating time and the second continuous operating time, when detecting an abnormal condition due to a foreign object near the power transmitting coil or the power receiving coil using a sensor configured to detect the abnormal condition.

12. The control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 1,

wherein the control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus stops the transmission of the high-frequency power, when detecting an abnormal condition due to a foreign object near the power transmitting coil or the power receiving coil using a sensor configured to detect the abnormal condition.

13. A wireless power transmitting apparatus in a wireless power transmission system for transmitting high-frequency power from the wireless power transmitting apparatus to a wireless power receiving apparatus, the wireless power transmitting apparatus comprising:

a power transmitting circuit configured to generate high-frequency power from input power;

a power transmitting antenna including a first resonant circuit including a power transmitting coil; and

a control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus,

wherein the wireless power receiving apparatus comprises a power receiving antenna including a second resonant circuit including a power receiving coil,

wherein, when the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna are electromagnetically coupled to each other, the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna have an operating band including an odd-mode resonance frequency corresponding to an odd-mode resonant condition, and an even-mode resonance frequency corresponding to an even-mode resonant condition, and the even-mode resonance frequency is higher than the odd-mode resonance frequency,

wherein the control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus sets a circuit constant of the wireless power transmitting apparatus associated with the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other, such that the operating band is set to one of a first operating band and a second operating band different from each other, and the first operating band including an odd-mode resonance frequency and an even-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band, and the second operating band including an odd-mode resonance frequency and an even-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band,

wherein the even-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band is set to be higher than the even-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band, and the odd-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band is set to be higher than the odd-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band,

wherein, when the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other have the first operating band, the wireless power transmitting apparatus transmits power to the wireless power receiving apparatus at the odd-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band, and when the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other have the second operating band, the wireless power transmitting apparatus transmits power to the wireless power receiving apparatus at the even-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band,

wherein the control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus repeatedly alternates a first time interval and a second time interval, the first time interval has a first continuous operating time during which the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other is set to the first operating band, and the second time interval has a second continuous operating time during which the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other is set to the second operating band,

wherein the first continuous operating time is set to be shorter than a shortest period of time during which a temperature of a foreign object reaches a threshold temperature, when high-frequency power is transmitted at the odd-mode resonance frequency and the foreign object is present near the power transmitting coil or the power receiving coil, and

wherein the second continuous operating time is set to be shorter than a shortest period of time during which a temperature of a foreign object reaches the threshold temperature, when high-frequency power is transmitted at the even-mode resonance frequency and the foreign object is present near the power transmitting coil or the power receiving coil.

14. The wireless power transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 13,

wherein the odd-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band is set to be identical to the even-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band.

15. The wireless power transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 13,

wherein the power transmitting circuit generates high-frequency power at a variable frequency, under control of the control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus, and

wherein, when the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other have the first operating band, the control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus controls the power transmitting circuit to generate high-frequency power at the odd-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band, and when the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other have the second operating band, the control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus controls the power transmitting circuit to generate high-frequency power at the even-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band.

16. The wireless power transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 15,

wherein the wireless power transmitting apparatus is connected to a power supply apparatus configured to supply the input power to the power transmitting circuit, and

wherein the control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus controls the power transmitting circuit to adjust the frequency of the high-frequency power based on an output voltage and an output current from the power supply apparatus.

17. The wireless power transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 15,

wherein the wireless power receiving apparatus is connected to a load apparatus to which the wireless power receiving apparatus supplies power, and

wherein the control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus controls the power transmitting circuit to adjust the frequency of the high-frequency power based on a voltage and a current requested by the load apparatus.

18. The wireless power transmitting apparatus as claimed in claim 13,

wherein an output impedance for a case where an input terminal of the power transmitting antenna is seen from an output terminal of the power transmitting circuit is set to be substantially equal to an input impedance for a case where the output terminal of the power transmitting circuit is seen from the input terminal of the power transmitting antenna.

19. A control circuit of a wireless power receiving apparatus in a wireless power transmission system for transmitting high-frequency power from a wireless power transmitting apparatus to the wireless power receiving apparatus,

wherein the wireless power transmitting apparatus comprises a power transmitting antenna including a first resonant circuit including a power transmitting coil,

wherein the wireless power receiving apparatus comprises a power receiving antenna including a second resonant circuit including a power receiving coil,

wherein, when the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna are electromagnetically coupled to each other, the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna have an operating band including an odd-mode resonance frequency corresponding to an odd-mode resonant condition, and an even-mode resonance frequency corresponding to an even-mode resonant condition, and the even-mode resonance frequency is higher than the odd-mode resonance frequency,

wherein the control circuit of the wireless power receiving apparatus sets a circuit constant of the wireless power receiving apparatus associated with the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other, such that the operating band is set to one of a first operating band and a second operating band different from each other, and the first operating band including an odd-mode resonance frequency and an even-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band, and the second operating band including an odd-mode resonance frequency and an even-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band,

wherein the even-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band is set to be higher than the even-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band, and the odd-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band is set to be higher than the odd-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band,

wherein the control circuit of the wireless power receiving apparatus repeatedly alternates a first time interval and a second time interval, the first time interval has a first continuous operating time during which the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other is set to the first operating band, and the second time interval has a second continuous operating time during which the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other is set to the second operating band,

wherein the first continuous operating time is set to be shorter than a shortest period of time during which a temperature of a foreign object reaches a threshold temperature, when high-frequency power is transmitted at the odd-mode resonance frequency and the foreign object is present near the power transmitting coil or the power receiving coil, and

wherein the second continuous operating time is set to be shorter than a shortest period of time during which a temperature of a foreign object reaches the threshold temperature, when high-frequency power is transmitted at the even-mode resonance frequency and the foreign object is present near the power transmitting coil or the power receiving coil.

20. The control circuit of the wireless power receiving apparatus as claimed in claim 19,

wherein the wireless power transmitting apparatus further comprises a control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus, the control circuit of the wireless power transmitting configured to set a circuit constant of the wireless power transmitting apparatus associated with the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other, under control of the control circuit of the wireless power receiving apparatus, and

wherein the control circuit of the wireless power receiving apparatus sets at least one of the circuit constant of the wireless power transmitting apparatus and the circuit constant of the wireless power receiving apparatus, such that the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other is set to one of the first operating band and the second operating band.

21. A wireless power receiving apparatus in a wireless power transmission system for transmitting high-frequency power from a wireless power transmitting apparatus to the wireless power receiving apparatus,

wherein the wireless power transmitting apparatus comprises a power transmitting antenna including a first resonant circuit including a power transmitting coil,

wherein the wireless power receiving apparatus comprises:

a power receiving antenna including a second resonant circuit including a power receiving coil;

a power receiving circuit configured to supply output power to a load apparatus; and

a control circuit of the wireless power receiving apparatus,

wherein, when the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna are electromagnetically coupled to each other, the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna have an operating band including an odd-mode resonance frequency corresponding to an odd-mode resonant condition, and an even-mode resonance frequency corresponding to an even-mode resonant condition, and the even-mode resonance frequency is higher than the odd-mode resonance frequency,

wherein the control circuit of the wireless power receiving apparatus sets a circuit constant of the wireless power receiving apparatus associated with the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other, such that the operating band is set to one of a first operating band and a second operating band different from each other, and the first operating band including an odd-mode resonance frequency and an even-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band, and the second operating band including an odd-mode resonance frequency and an even-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band,

wherein the even-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band is set to be higher than the even-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band, and the odd-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band is set to be higher than the odd-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band,

wherein the control circuit of the wireless power receiving apparatus repeatedly alternates a first time interval and a second time interval, the first time interval has a first continuous operating time during which the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other is set to the first operating band, and the second time interval has a second continuous operating time during which the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other is set to the second operating band,

wherein the first continuous operating time is set to be shorter than a shortest period of time during which a temperature of a foreign object reaches a threshold temperature, when high-frequency power is transmitted at the odd-mode resonance frequency and the foreign object is present near the power transmitting coil or the power receiving coil, and

wherein the second continuous operating time is set to be shorter than a shortest period of time during which a temperature of a foreign object reaches the threshold temperature, when high-frequency power is transmitted at the even-mode resonance frequency and the foreign object is present near the power transmitting coil or the power receiving coil.

22. The wireless power receiving apparatus as claimed in claim 21,

wherein an output impedance for the case where the power receiving circuit is seen from an output terminal of the power receiving antenna is set to be substantially equal to an input impedance for a case where the output terminal of the power receiving antenna is seen from the power receiving circuit.

23. A wireless power transmission system comprising:

a wireless power transmitting apparatus; and

a wireless power receiving apparatus,

wherein the wireless power transmitting apparatus comprises;

a power transmitting circuit configured to generate high-frequency power from input power;

a power transmitting antenna including a first resonant circuit including a power transmitting coil; and

a control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus,

wherein the wireless power receiving apparatus comprises;

a power receiving antenna including a second resonant circuit including a power receiving coil,

a power receiving circuit configured to supply output power to a load apparatus; and

a control circuit of the wireless power receiving apparatus,

wherein, when the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna are electromagnetically coupled to each other, the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna have an operating band including an odd-mode resonance frequency corresponding to an odd-mode resonant condition, and an even-mode resonance frequency corresponding to an even-mode resonant condition, and the even-mode resonance frequency is higher than the odd-mode resonance frequency,

wherein the control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus sets a circuit constant of the wireless power transmitting apparatus associated with the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other, such that the operating band is set to one of a first operating band and a second operating band different from each other, and the first operating band including an odd-mode resonance frequency and an even-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band, and the second operating band including an odd-mode resonance frequency and an even-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band,

wherein the control circuit of the wireless power receiving apparatus sets a circuit constant of the wireless power receiving apparatus associated with the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other, such that the operating band is set to one of the first operating band and the second operating band,

wherein the even-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band is set to be higher than the even-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band, and the odd-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band is set to be higher than the odd-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band,

wherein, when the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other have the first operating band, the wireless power transmitting apparatus transmits power to the wireless power receiving apparatus at the odd-mode resonance frequency of the first operating band, and when the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other have the second operating band, the wireless power transmitting apparatus transmits power to the wireless power receiving apparatus at the even-mode resonance frequency of the second operating band,

wherein the control circuit of the wireless power transmitting apparatus repeatedly alternates a first time interval and a second time interval, the first time interval has a first continuous operating time during which the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other is set to the first operating band, and the second time interval has a second continuous operating time during which the operating band of the power transmitting antenna and the power receiving antenna electromagnetically coupled to each other is set to the second operating band,

wherein the first continuous operating time is set to be shorter than a shortest period of time during which a temperature of a foreign object reaches a threshold temperature, when high-frequency power is transmitted at the odd-mode resonance frequency and the foreign object is present near the power transmitting coil or the power receiving coil, and

wherein the second continuous operating time is set to be shorter than a shortest period of time during which a temperature of a foreign object reaches the threshold temperature, when high-frequency power is transmitted at the even-mode resonance frequency and the foreign object is present near the power transmitting coil or the power receiving coil.