Vector signaling codes for densely-routed wire groups

• US 10,333,741 B2
• Filed: 04/27/2017
• Issued: 06/25/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 04/28/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Kandou Labs, SA
• Original Assignee: Kandou Labs, SA
• Inventors: Shokrollahi, Amin, Hormati, Ali, Tajalli, Armin
• Primary Examiner(s): Perez, James M
• Application Number:
  US15/499,866
• Publication Number:
  US 20170317855A1
• Time in Patent Office: 789 Days
• Field of Search: 341 50, 341 58, 341 68- 70, 375242-254, 375259-285, 375286-288
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0272 Arrangements for coupling to multiple lines, e.g. for differential transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0276 Arrangements for coupling common mode signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0292 Arrangements specific to the receiver end
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03343 Arrangements at the transmitter end
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/4919 using balanced multilevel codes H04L25/4927 takes precedence

Abstract

Methods and systems are described for receiving signal elements corresponding to a first group of symbols of a vector signaling codeword over a first densely-routed wire group of a multi-wire bus at a first set of multi-input comparators (MICs), receiving signal elements corresponding to a second group of symbols of the vector signaling codeword over a second densely-routed wire group of the multi-wire bus at a second set of MICs, and receiving signal elements corresponding to the first and the second groups of symbols of the vector signaling codeword at a global MIC.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

receiving signal elements corresponding to a first group of symbols of a vector signaling codeword over a first densely-routed wire group of a multi-wire bus at a first set of multi-input comparators (MICs) for detecting a first set of subchannel vectors of a plurality of mutually orthogonal subchannel vectors, the first set of subchannel vectors being carried exclusively via the first densely-route wire group, and responsively generating a respective detected subchannel output for each subchannel vector in the first set of subchannel vectors;

receiving signal elements corresponding to a second group of symbols of the vector signaling codeword over a second densely-routed wire group of the multi-wire bus at a second set of MICs for detecting a second set of subchannel vectors of the plurality of mutually orthogonal subchannel vectors, the second set of subchannel vectors being carried exclusively via the second densely-routed wire group, and responsively generating a respective detected subchannel output for each subchannel vector in the second set of subchannel vectors; and

processing, at a global MIC, (i) signal elements received via the first densely-routed wire group according to a first sampling clock and (ii) signal elements received via the second densely-routed wire group according to a second sampling clock, the second sampling clock having an offset with respect to the first sampling clock, the offset associated with a skew difference between the first and second densely-routed wire groups, the signal elements processed at the global MIC for detecting a subchannel vector of the plurality of mutually orthogonal subchannel vectors being carried by the first and second densely-routed wire groups.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the symbols of the vector signaling code represent a superposition of the plurality of mutually orthogonal subchannel vectors, each mutually orthogonal subchannel sub-channel vector weighted by a corresponding antipodal weight.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein each subchannel vector of the first set of subchannel vectors is locally symmetric over the first densely-routed wire group and wherein each subchannel vector of the second set of subchannel vectors is locally symmetric over the second densely-routed wire group.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the first and second densely-routed wire group each comprise a respective set of three conductors.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the first densely-routed wire group comprises three conductors and the second densely-routed wire group comprises two conductors.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving signal elements corresponding to a third group of symbols of the vector signaling codeword over a third densely-routed wire group of the multi-wire bus at a third set of MICs, and wherein the global MIC is further configured to receive the signal elements corresponding to the third group of symbols of the vector signaling codeword.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the first, second, and third densely-routed wire groups each comprise three conductors.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the skew difference is based at least in part on an asymmetrical layout of the first and second densely-routed wire groups.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the skew difference is based at least in part on a propagation delay difference associated with differing common mode signals on the first and second densely-routed wire groups.

10. An apparatus comprising:

a first set of multi-input comparators (MICs) connected to a first densely-routed wire group of a multi-wire bus, the first set of MICs configured to receive signal elements corresponding to a first group of symbols of a vector signaling codeword and to responsively generate a respective detected subchannel output for each subchannel vector in a first set of subchannel vectors of a plurality of mutually orthogonal subchannel vectors, the first set of subchannel vectors being carried exclusively via the first densely-route wire group;

a second set of MICs connected to a second densely-routed wire group of the multi-wire bus, the second set of MICs configured to receive signal elements corresponding to a second group of symbols of the vector signaling codeword and to responsively generate a respective detected subchannel output for each subchannel vector in a second set of subchannel vectors of the plurality of mutually orthogonal subchannel vectors, the second set of subchannel vectors being carried exclusively via the second densely-route wire group; and

a global MIC connected to the first and second densely-routed wire groups configured to detect a subchannel vector of the plurality of mutually orthogonal subchannel vectors being carried by the first and second densely-routed wire groups by processing (i) signal elements received via the first densely-routed wire group according to a first sampling clock and (ii) signal elements received via the second densely-routed wire group according to a second sampling clock, the second sampling clock having an offset with respect to the first sampling clock, the offset associated with a skew difference between the first and second densely-routed wire groups.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the global MIC has a first input connected to all the wires of the first densely-routed wire group and a second input connected to all the wires of the second densely-routed wire group.

12. The apparatus of claim 10, further comprising a clock recovery circuit configured to generate the first sampling clock for the first set of MICs and the second sampling clock for the second set of MICs.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the clock recovery circuit is configured to obtain a symbol clock received on a differential pair of wires.

14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the clock recovery circuit is configured to receive a symbol clock from a MIC in the first or second set of MICs or the global MIC.

15. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the global MIC is configured to process the signal elements received via the first densely-routed wire group and the signal elements received via the second densely-routed wire group by forming respective sums of the signal elements received via the first densely-routed wire group and of the signal elements received via the second densely-routed wire group, and to detect the subchannel vector by comparing the respective sums.

16. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the first and second densely-routed wire groups comprise intra-group symmetry with respect to subchannel vectors within the first and second sets of subchannel vectors, respectively.

17. The apparatus of claim 10, further comprising an isolation medium separating the first and second densely-routed wire groups.

18. The apparatus of claim 10, further comprising a third set of MICs connect to a third densely-routed wire group of the multi-wire bus, the third set of MICs configured to receive signal elements corresponding to a third group of symbols of the vector signaling codeword, and wherein the global MIC is further connected to the third densely-routed wire group and configured to receive signal elements corresponding to the third group of symbols of the vector signaling codeword.

19. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the skew difference corresponds to asymmetric layout of the first and second densely-routed wire groups.

20. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the skew difference is based at least in part on a propagation delay difference associated with differing common mode signals on the first and second densely-routed wire groups.