DEVICE FOR SAMPLING SUBSTANCES USING ALTERNATING POLARITY OF IONTOPHORETIC CURRENT
First Claim
1. A method for sampling of a substance from a subject, which comprises (a) placing one or more sampling chambers on a collection site on a tissue surface on the subject;
- (b) conducting electrical current through the tissue in a first polarity to the collection site to extract a substance from the subject into one or more sampling chambers;
(c) reversing polarity to apply electrical energy in a second polarity during the course of the method; and
(d) analyzing the sampling chamber or chambers for the concentration of the substance or a substance metabolite.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A method for sampling of a substance from a subject is provided, which comprises placing one or more sampling chambers on a collection site on a tissue surface on the subject; conducting electric current through the tissue to extract a substance from the subject in a first direction in one or more sampling chambers that functions alternatively as both an anode and cathode during the course of the method; reversing the polarity to cause direct current to flow in second direction opposite the first direction; and analyzing the sampling chamber or chambers for the concentration of a substance or a substance metabolite. There is also provided a device for sampling of a substance from an organism on continuously or intermittently using alternating polarity method based on the application of low intensity electric fields of alternating polarity across the skin (iontophoresis) to enhance the transport of a substance (such as glucose, lactic acid, pyruvic acid, and the like) from body tissues to a sampling chamber. The device comprises an electrical power supply; a transdermal system that contains one or more sampling chambers that function as both anode and cathode during the course of sampling; a means to alternates or reverses the polarity during the iontophoretic sampling; and means for analyzing for the concentration of a substance or a substance metabolite.
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Citations
53 Claims
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1. A method for sampling of a substance from a subject, which comprises
(a) placing one or more sampling chambers on a collection site on a tissue surface on the subject; -
(b) conducting electrical current through the tissue in a first polarity to the collection site to extract a substance from the subject into one or more sampling chambers;
(c) reversing polarity to apply electrical energy in a second polarity during the course of the method; and
(d) analyzing the sampling chamber or chambers for the concentration of the substance or a substance metabolite. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36)
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37. An iontophoresis sampling device comprising
(a) an electrical power supply means; -
(b) a transdermal system that contains one or more sampling chambers for receiving a sample that function as both anode and cathode during the course of iontophoretic sampling;
(c) means for reversing the polarity of the power source during the iontophoretic sampling; and
(d) means for analyzing for the concentration of a substance or a substance metabolite. - View Dependent Claims (38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49)
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50. A substance monitor comprising:
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first and second substance sampling chambers each containing substance collection medium selected from the group consisting of water, saline solutions, buffer solutions, and polyols;
a power supply means having a positive connector and a negative connector;
conductors and a switch electrically connecting the first and second sampling chambers to the power supply means positive connector and the power supply means negative connector, the switch having a first position in which the first sampling chamber is electrically connected to the positive connector and the second sampling chamber is electrically connected to the negative connector and a second position in which the second sampling chamber is electrically connected to the positive connector and the first sampling chamber is electrically connected to the negative connector. - View Dependent Claims (51, 52, 53)
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Specification