Systems and methods for peritoneal dialysis
First Claim
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9. A system for providing peritoneal dialysis to a patient, the system comprising:
- a catheter having an inflow lumen and an outflow lumen in communication with the patient'"'"'s peritoneal cavity;
a fluid circuit in fluid communication with the catheter thereby defining a closed fluid path capable of circulating a therapy fluid into, through and out of the peritoneal cavity;
a first supply of the therapy fluid including a dialysate coupled to the fluid circuit;
a cycler that pumps the dialysate into the fluid circuit and circulates the dialysate along the closed fluid path during a treatment period to remove a therapeutically effective amount of solutes and ultrafiltrate from the patient;
a second supply of the therapy fluid including an osmotic agent solution coupled to the fluid circuit wherein the cycler can pump the second supply of fluid into the fluid circuit during the treatment period;
a cleaning device coupled to the fluid circuit wherein the cleaning device is capable of removing solutes including at least a portion of urea from the therapy fluid as it circulates along the closed fluid path;
a reservoir coupled to the fluid circuit wherein the reservoir is adapted to provide a variable increase in volume capacity to the fluid circuit allowing the system to compensate for an increase in fluid volume in the fluid circuit during treatment; and
a discharge path coupled to the fluid circuit allowing the fluid circuit to be drained of fluid after the treatment period.
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Abstract
Systems and methods relating to dialysis therapy, particularly continuous flow dialysis therapy, are provided. The present invention includes a single closed fluid path along which a minimal amount of therapy fluid including dialysate is fed into, continuously circulated and cleaned such that a therapeutic effective amount of solutes, excess water and the like can be removed from the patient connected to the closed fluid loop during treatment.
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Citations
61 Claims
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9. A system for providing peritoneal dialysis to a patient, the system comprising:
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a catheter having an inflow lumen and an outflow lumen in communication with the patient'"'"'s peritoneal cavity;
a fluid circuit in fluid communication with the catheter thereby defining a closed fluid path capable of circulating a therapy fluid into, through and out of the peritoneal cavity;
a first supply of the therapy fluid including a dialysate coupled to the fluid circuit;
a cycler that pumps the dialysate into the fluid circuit and circulates the dialysate along the closed fluid path during a treatment period to remove a therapeutically effective amount of solutes and ultrafiltrate from the patient;
a second supply of the therapy fluid including an osmotic agent solution coupled to the fluid circuit wherein the cycler can pump the second supply of fluid into the fluid circuit during the treatment period;
a cleaning device coupled to the fluid circuit wherein the cleaning device is capable of removing solutes including at least a portion of urea from the therapy fluid as it circulates along the closed fluid path;
a reservoir coupled to the fluid circuit wherein the reservoir is adapted to provide a variable increase in volume capacity to the fluid circuit allowing the system to compensate for an increase in fluid volume in the fluid circuit during treatment; and
a discharge path coupled to the fluid circuit allowing the fluid circuit to be drained of fluid after the treatment period. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A system for providing peritoneal dialysis to a patient, the system comprising:
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a catheter having an inflow lumen and an outflow lumen in communication with the patient'"'"'s peritoneal cavity;
a fluid circuit in fluid communication with the catheter thereby defining a closed fluid path capable of circulating a therapy fluid into, through and out of the peritoneal cavity;
a first supply of the therapy fluid including a dialysate coupled to the fluid circuit;
a cycler that pumps the dialysate into the fluid circuit and circulates the dialysate along the closed fluid path during a treatment period to remove a therapeutically effective amount of solutes and ultrafiltrate from the patient;
a second supply of the therapy fluid including an osmotic agent solution coupled to the fluid circuit wherein the cycler pumps the second supply into the fluid circuit during the treatment period;
a cleaning device coupled to the fluid circuit wherein the cleaning device is capable of removing solutes from the therapy fluid including a therapeutically effective portion of urea from the therapy fluid as the therapy fluid circulates along the closed fluid path; and
a discharge path coupled to the fluid circuit allowing the fluid circuit to be drained of the therapy fluid at an effective rate to compensate for an increase in therapy fluid volume in the fluid circuit due to the second supply of fluid and the ultrafiltrate. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27)
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28. A system for providing peritoneal dialysis to a patient, the system comprising:
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a catheter having an inflow lumen and an outflow lumen in communication with the patient'"'"'s peritoneal cavity;
a fluid circuit in fluid communication with the catheter thereby defining a closed fluid path capable of circulating fluid into, through and out of the peritoneal cavity;
a supply of dialysate coupled to the fluid circuit;
a cycler that pumps the dialysate into the fluid circuit and circulates the dialysate during a treatment period along the closed fluid path to remove a therapeutically effective amount of solutes and ultrafiltrate from the patient;
a cleaning device coupled to the fluid circuit wherein the cleaning device is capable of removing an amount of the solutes from the dialysate including at least a portion of urea; and
a discharge path coupled to the fluid circuit allowing the fluid circuit to be drained of fluid wherein the system is capable of obtaining a clearance level including about 2.1 to about 2.6 for urea. - View Dependent Claims (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33)
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29-1. The method of claim 28 further comprising treating the patient for a period of about eight hours or less.
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30-2. The method of claim 28 wherein about 6 liters or less of dialysate is supplied during treatment.
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31-3. The method of claim 28 wherein about 1.5 liters or less of ultrafiltrate is added to the fluid circuit during treatment.
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32-4. The method of claim 28 wherein a sorbent material including carbon is employed to non-selectively remove the solutes from the dialysate.
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34. A method of providing peritoneal dialysis to a patient, the method comprising the steps of:
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coupling a fluid circuit in fluid communication to a catheter in a peritoneal cavity of the patient thereby defining a closed fluid path along which a therapy fluid is capable of being circulated to remove solutes and ultrafiltrate from the patient;
supplying a first source of a therapy fluid including a dialysate to the fluid circuit;
supplying a second source of the therapy fluid including an osmotic agent solution to the fluid circuit;
circulating the therapy fluid along the closed fluid path;
increasing a volume capacity of the fluid circuit to compensate for an increase in fluid volume due to the ultrafiltrate and the osmotic agent solution;
removing an amount of solutes including a therapeutically effective portion of urea from the therapy fluid as the therapy fluid circulates; and
draining the fluid circuit of fluid after treatment. - View Dependent Claims (35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40)
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41. A method of providing peritoneal dialysis to a patient, the method comprising the steps of:
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coupling a fluid circuit in fluid communication to a catheter in a peritoneal cavity of the patient thereby defining a closed fluid path along which a therapy fluid is capable of being circulated to remove solutes and ultrafiltrate from the patient;
supplying a first source of therapy fluid including a dialysate to the fluid circuit;
supplying a second source of the therapy fluid including an osmotic agent solution to the fluid circuit;
circulating the dialysate and the osmotic agent solution along the closed fluid path;
removing a therapeutically effective amount of solutes and ultrafiltrate from the therapy fluid including a therapeutically effective portion of urea; and
draining the fluid circuit of fluid at an effective rate to compensate for an increase in fluid volume due to the second supply of the therapy fluid and the ultrafiltrate. - View Dependent Claims (42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50)
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51. A method of reducing an amount of dialysate used during dialysis therapy, the method comprising the steps of:
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coupling a fluid circuit in fluid communication to a catheter in a peritoneal cavity of the patient thereby defining a closed fluid path along which a fluid is capable of being circulated to remove solutes and ultrafiltrate from the patient;
supplying a source of the fluid including a dialysate in an amount of about 6 liters or less to the fluid circuit;
circulating the dialysate along the closed fluid path;
increasing a volume capacity of the fluid circuit to compensate for an increase in fluid volume in the fluid circuit due to removal of the ultrafiltrate from the patient; and
removing an amount of solutes from the therapy fluid as the therapy fluid is continuously circulated. - View Dependent Claims (52, 53, 54, 55, 56)
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57. A method of providing peritoneal dialysis to a patient, the method comprising the steps of:
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coupling a fluid circuit in fluid communication with a catheter in a peritoneal cavity of the patient thereby defining a closed fluid path along which a fluid is capable of being circulated to remove solutes and ultrafiltrate from the patient;
supplying a source of the therapy fluid including a dialysate to the fluid circuit;
circulating the dialysate along the closed fluid path;
removing an amount of solutes from the therapy fluid as the therapy fluid is circulated;
draining the fluid circuit of fluid after treatment; and
obtaining a clearance level including about 2.1 to about 2.6 for urea. - View Dependent Claims (58, 59, 60, 61)
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Specification