Rock of randomness

• US 10,467,522 B2
• Filed: 02/19/2018
• Issued: 11/05/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 03/18/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Gideon Samid
• Original Assignee: Gideon Samid
• Inventors: Samid, Gideon
• Primary Examiner(s): Lee, Seung H
• Application Number:
  US15/898,876
• Publication Number:
  US 20180307963A1
• Time in Patent Office: 624 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 50/02 for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 70/00 Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 80/00 Products made by additive manufacturing
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/4099 Surface or curve machining, making 3D objects, e.g. desktop manufacturing
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/602 Providing cryptographic facilities or services
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/72 in cryptographic circuits
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/73 by creating or determining hardware identification, e.g. serial numbers
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2221/2153 Using hardware token as a secondary aspect
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 30/00 Computer-aided design [CAD]
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/067 Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/086 with markings consisting of randomly placed or oriented elements, the randomness of the elements being useable for generating a unique identifying signature of the record carrier, e.g. randomly placed magnetic fibers or magnetic particles in the body of a credit card

Abstract

A system that efficiently packs indefinitely large quantities of random data in sufficiently identical physical entities (“Random Rocks”, “Rocks”) so that all holders of a matching Rock will extract from it the same data, in response to the same data request, (“query”); the packed random data is inherently analog, not digital, in form; the Rock always responds with the same data to the same data request, which must be presented one request at a time.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional (3D) electrical device that provides a different measured electrical resistance between any two points on the device, comprising:

a plurality of 3D blocks, wherein each block of the plurality of 3D blocks has a different electrical conductivity, is made up of one or more materials, and is selected in a random order and connected to a previously selected block of the plurality of 3D blocks to form a larger 3D shape so that a different electrical conductivity is produced between any two points of a plurality of points on at least one surface of the 3D shape; and

a plurality of electrodes placed on the at least one surface of the 3D shape so that each electrode of the plurality of electrodes is connected to a point of the plurality of points in order to enable a measurement of resistance between any two electrodes of the plurality of electrodes.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of 3D blocks comprise a plurality of six sided 3D bricks.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein 3D shape comprises a cube.

4. The device of claim 3, wherein plurality of six sided 3D bricks and the cube are 3D printed.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein each block of the plurality of 3D blocks is manufactured in a three-dimensional printing process where the printing is carried out with materials of varying degrees of electrical conductivity, which are mixed according to instructions that are comprised of deterministic design parameters further specified with random data, thereby manifesting the printer input randomness in the manufactured 3D shape, extracted through random readings of electrical conductivity between two arbitrary points on the surface of the 3D shape.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein 3D shape is fitted with electronic circuitry that creates a desired voltage difference between two arbitrary points on the at least one surface of the 3D shape, Δ

V, that results in a measured current I, from which the respective resistance r=Δ

V/I is computed, and then converted to an integer, ρ

=floor(r/T)+1, where floor(r/T) is the integral part of the division of r by T, where T is an arbitrary resolution interval.

7. The device of claim 6, wherein the at least one surface is marked with n terminal points, such that a user can specify two points i, and j, i≠

j, 1≤

i, j≤

n, and receive in return a random integer N, 1≤

N≤

H, in the range 1-H, computed as N(i,j)=ρ

(i,j) MOD H, where ρ

(i,j) is computed from r(i,j)=Δ

V/I.

8. The device of claim 6, wherein the at least one surface is marked with n terminal points that are divided to two groups, n₁, and n₂, n=n₁+n₂, such that a user can specify one terminal point from the first group, i, and one terminal point from the other group, j, 1≤

i≤

n₁, 1≤

j≤

n₂, and receive in return a random integer N, 1≤

N≤

H, in the range 1-H, computed as N(i,j)=p(i,j) MOD H, where p(i,j) is computed from r(i,j)=Δ

V/I.

9. The device of claim 1, wherein the 3D shape is divided to three-dimensional sections of pre-selected shapes, the size, orientation, and position of which is determined by random input so that each point in the 3D shape is associated with one section among these non-intersecting sections, and each section so geometrically defined is filled with one of the comprising materials, the selection of which is dictated by random input.

10. The device of claim 1, wherein the one or more materials comprise metals.

11. The device of claim 1, wherein the one or more materials comprise macromolecules induced (seeded) with graphite and/or other additives that create materials of desired conductivity, thereby establishing a desired span of conductivity among the selected materials, while avoiding a selection of materials with conductivities that are too close to each other.

12. The device of claim 1, wherein the one or more materials are engineered through nanotechnology to establish a broad span of conductivity, while avoiding a selection of materials with conductivities that are too close to each other.

13. The device of claim 1, wherein the 3D shape comprises a brick, a polyhedra, or a ball.

14. A method for providing a different measured electrical resistance between any two points on a three-dimensional (3D) electrical device, comprising:

selecting in a random order each block of a plurality of 3D blocks, wherein each block of the plurality of 3D blocks has a different electrical conductivity and is made up of one or more materials;

connecting each selected block to a previously selected block of the plurality of 3D blocks to form a larger 3D shape so that a different electrical conductivity is produced between any two points of a plurality of points on at least one surface of the 3D shape; and

placing a plurality of electrodes on the at least one surface of the 3D shape so that each electrode of the plurality of electrodes is connected to a point of the plurality of points in order to enable a measurement of resistance between any two electrodes of the plurality of electrodes.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the plurality of 3D blocks comprise a plurality of six sided 3D bricks.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein 3D shape comprises a cube.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein plurality of six sided 3D bricks and the cube are 3D printed.