Rock of Randomness

• US 20180307963A1
• Filed: 02/19/2018
• Published: 10/25/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 03/18/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Gideon Samid
• Original Assignee: Gideon Samid
• Inventors: Samid, Gideon
• Granted Patent: US 10,467,522 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 50/02 for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 70/00 Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 80/00 Products made by additive manufacturing
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/4099 Surface or curve machining, making 3D objects, e.g. desktop manufacturing
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/602 Providing cryptographic facilities or services
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/72 in cryptographic circuits
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/73 by creating or determining hardware identification, e.g. serial numbers
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2221/2153 Using hardware token as a secondary aspect
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 30/00 Computer-aided design [CAD]
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/067 Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/086 with markings consisting of randomly placed or oriented elements, the randomness of the elements being useable for generating a unique identifying signature of the record carrier, e.g. randomly placed magnetic fibers or magnetic particles in the body of a credit card

Abstract

A system that efficiently packs indefinitely large quantities of random data in sufficiently identical physical entities (“Random Rocks”, “Rocks”) so that all holders of a matching Rock will extract from it the same data, in response to the same data request, (“query”); the packed random data is inherently analog, not digital, in form; the Rock always responds with the same data to the same data request, which must be presented one request at a time.

Claims

1. A system that efficiently packs indefinitely large quantities of random data in sufficiently identical physical entities (“

Random Rocks”

, “

Rocks”

) so that all holders of a matching Rock will extract from it the same data, in response to the same data request, (“

query”

);

the packed random data is inherently analog, not digital, in form;

the Rock always responds with the same data to the same data request, which must be presented one request at a time.

2. A method for manufacturing a pre-determined number of duplicate physical entities (“

Random Rocks”

, “

Rocks”

) that serve as containers for indefinitely large amount of random data, such that when the manufacturing instructions are erased, it is infeasible to manufacture additional duplicates; and

where the data in the Rocks can be extracted one small data element at a time, resisting attempts to extract more data at a time.

3. A system claimed as in (1) where the Rocks are comprised of materials of varying electrical conductivity, partially mixed according to random data, such that the electrical resistance measured between any two arbitrary selected points on the surface of the rock depends on the individual conductivity of each of the comprising materials, and on the manner of distribution of all those materials within the rock.

4. A method claimed as in (2) where the Rocks are manufactured in a three-dimensional printing process where the printing is carried out with materials of varying degrees of electrical conductivity, which are mixed according to instructions that are comprised of deterministic design parameters further specified with random data, thereby manifesting the printer input randomness in the manufactured Rock, extracted through random readings of electrical conductivity between two arbitrary points on the surface of the Rock.

5. A system claimed as in (1) where the surface of the Rock is fitted with electronic circuitry that creates a desired voltage difference between two arbitrary points on the surface of the Rock, Δ

V, that results in a measured current I, from which the respective resistance r=Δ

V/I is computed, and then converted to an integer, ρ

=floor(r/T)+1, where floor(r/T) is the integral part of the division of r by T, where T is an arbitrary resolution interval

7. A system claimed as in (3) where the surface is marked with n terminal points that are divided to two groups, n₁, and n₂, n=n₁+n₂, such that a user can specify one terminal point from the first group, i, and one terminal point from the other group, j, 1≤

i≤

n₁, 1≤

j≤

n₂, and receive in return a random integer N, 1≤

N≤

H, in the range 1-H, computed as N(i,j)=ρ

(i,j) MOD H, where ρ

(i,j) is computed from r(i,j)=Δ

V/I as in claim (5).

6. A system claimed as in (3) where the surface is marked with n terminal points, such that a user can specify two points i, and j, i≠

j, 1≤

i,j≤

n, and receive in return a random integer N, 1≤

N≤

H, in the range 1-H, computed as N(i,j)=ρ

(i,j) MOD H, where ρ

(i,j) is computed from r(i,j)=Δ

V/I.

8. A system claimed as in (3) where the Rock is divided to three-dimensional sections of pre-selected shapes, the size, orientation, and position of which is determined by random input so that each point in the Rock is associated with one section among these non-intersecting sections, and each section so geometrically defined is filled with one of the comprising materials, the selection of which is dictated by random input.

9. A system claimed as in (3) where the comprising materials are various metals and other good conductors.

10. A system claimed as in (3) where the comprising materials are various macromolecules induced (seeded) with graphite and/or other additives that create materials of desired conductivity, thereby establishing a desired span of conductivity among the selected materials, while avoiding a selection of materials with conductivities that are too close to each other.

11. A system claimed as in (3) where the comprising materials are engineered through nanotechnology to establish a broad span of conductivity among the selected materials, while avoiding a selection of materials with conductivities that are too close to each other.

12. A system claimed as in (3) where the Rock has a desired form, among these forms there is a brick, a polyhedra, or a ball, and also ‘

topological’

Rocks with ‘

holes’

in them, where all or part of the faces are covered with selected terminal points.

13. A system claimed as in (3) where the Rock is fitted with disruptive sliding rods, that may be fitted in any of various sliding positions, at various penetration depths into the rock, such that the settings of these positions affect the measured electrical resistance between any two arbitrary terminal points on the surface of the rock, and where the conductivity of the sliding rods is markedly different from the conductivity range of the comprising materials.

14. A method for capturing ad-hoc high-quality randomness (e.g. quantum mechanical grade randomness) in a durable compound of physical matter that can be duplicated in a limited fashion, such that by sharing the limited and well controlled duplicates of same compound, a group of communicators may use this shared randomness to achieve secure communication and other cyber space aims