Automated centrifuge and method of using same

• US 20030091473A1
• Filed: 02/08/2001
• Published: 05/15/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 02/08/2001
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: IRM LLC
• Original Assignee: IRM LLC
• Inventors: Meyer, Andrew J., Nasoff, Marc, Shaw, Christopher M., Downs, Robert Charles, Lesley, Scott Allan, Weselak, Mark Richard, Mainquist, James Kevin
• Application Number:
  US09/780,589
• Publication Number:
  US 20030091473A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 422/72
• CPC Class Codes: B04B 13/00 Control arrangements specially designed for centrifuges; Programme control of centrifuges control arrangements for feed, charge, or discharge B04B11/00
• CPC Class Codes: B04B 2011/046 Loading, unloading, manipulating sample containers
• CPC Class Codes: B04B 5/0414 comprising test tubes
• CPC Class Codes: B04B 5/10 Centrifuges combined with other apparatus, e.g. electrostatic separators; Sets or systems of several centrifuges B04B5/12 takes precedence; magnetic or electrostatic separators B03C; amassing particles by electric fields, e.g. by agglomeration B03C3/0175
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/00495 Centrifuges
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 35/04 Details of the conveyor system G01N35/021 - G01N35/028 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/111666 Utilizing a centrifuge or compartmented rotor
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/25375 Liberation or purification of sample or separation of material from a sample [e.g., filtering, centrifuging, etc.]

Abstract

An automated centrifuge comprising a rotor having a plurality of cavities located in the rotor. A tube is structured to be insertable into any one of the cavities and a controller is configured to insert the tube into the cavity. The cavities located in the rotor are grouped in clusters, and the cavities of each cluster are substantially parallel.

Also, an automated centrifuge system comprising a rotor including a plurality of clusters of holes, each hole including a longitudinal axis, with the longitudinal axes of each cluster of holes being substantially parallel. A plurality of moveable tubes are arranged in at least two groups, with each group of tubes configured to be received into adjacent clusters of holes. A rotor position member is structured to determine the position of each cluster of holes. A controller directs the tubes into the adjacent clusters of holes, and directs the rotor position member to rotate the rotor to another cluster of holes.

Claims

1. An automated centrifuge system comprising:

a rotor;

a cavity located in the rotor;

a tube structured to be insertable into the cavity;

a transport coupled to the tube; and

a controller communicating with the transport, the controller directing the transport to insert the tube into the cavity.

2. The automated centrifuge system of claim 1, further including a group of cavities located in the rotor, each cavity being substantially parallel to the other cavities in the group.

3. The automated centrifuge system of claim 1, wherein the tube an aspirate tube or a dispense tube.

4. The automated centrifuge system of claim 1, further including a vibrating member that is structured to be insertable into the cavity, the vibrating member being coupled to the transport.

5. The automated centrifuge system of claim 4, wherein the vibrating member is a sonication rod.

6. The automated centrifuge system of claim 1, wherein the tube is deflectable.

131. The automated centrifuge system of claim 1, further comprising means for recognizing the tube when the tube is inserted into the cavity and an indexing means for tracking the tube when it is transferred from the automated centrifuge system to a separate system or device.

7. An automated centrifuge system comprising:

a cluster of holes located in a rotor;

a group of tubes configured to be received into the cluster of holes;

a transport operably coupled to the group of tubes; and

a controller that directs the transport to insert the group of tubes into the cluster of holes.

8. The automated centrifuge system of claim 7, wherein the controller is configured to control the rotor.

9. The automated centrifuge system of claim 7, further comprising an index, wherein the controller uses the index to position the cluster of holes relative to the set of tubes.

10. The automated centrifuge system of claim 7, further comprising:

a second rotor, the second rotor including a cluster of holes; and

a movable platform coupled to the transport;

wherein the movable platform moves the transport to selectively position the group of tubes for insertion into the cluster of holes in the rotor and into the cluster of holes in the second rotor.

11. An automated centrifuge comprising:

a group of movable tubes, each tube structured to transport a liquid;

a cluster of rotor holes located in a rotor, the cluster of rotor holes arranged to receive the group of movable tubes; and

a transport holding the movable tubes and constructed to substantially simultaneously move the group of tubes into the cluster of rotor holes.

12. The automated centrifuge according to claim 11, wherein the group of movable tubes consists of four tubes.

13. The automated centrifuge according to claim 11, wherein the cluster of rotor holes consists of four holes.

14. The automated centrifuge according to claim 11, further including a processor for automatically directing the movement of the transport.

15. The automated centrifuge according to claim 11, wherein the cluster of rotor holes are constructed to be substantially parallel.

16. The automated centrifuge according to claim 11, wherein at least one of the movable tubes is constructed to aspirate.

17. The automated centrifuge according to claim 11, wherein at least one of the movable tubes is constructed to dispense.

18. The automated centrifuge according to claim 11, wherein the group of movable tubes further includes a sonication member positioned to be received into one of the rotor holes.

19. The automated centrifuge according to claim 11, wherein the movable tubes are constructed to selectively aspirate and dispense.

20. The automated centrifuge according to claim 11, wherein the group of movable tubes is arranged in pairs of movable tubes, so that when the group of movable tubes is moved into the cluster of rotor holes, one pair of movable tubes is inserted into an associated hole.

21. The automated centrifuge according to claim 11, wherein there are between about two and about ten rotor holes in the cluster of rotor holes.

22. The automated centrifuge according to claim 11, wherein the rotor further includes an index for positioning the cluster of rotor holes relative to the group of movable tubes.

23. The automated centrifuge according to claim 11, further including a second transport holding a second group of movable tubes.

24. The automated centrifuge according to claim 11, further comprising a rotor cover.

25. The automated centrifuge according to claim 11, further comprising one or more pipes, one or more hoses, a pump, a fluid source, a fraction collector, a switch and a waste dump.

26. A method of automated centrifugation, the method comprising the steps of:

placing a vessel in a centrifuge rotor cavity;

substantially isolating a majority of a component located in the vessel by centrifugation; and

re-suspending a majority of the component while the vessel is located in the centrifuge rotor cavity.

27. The method of automated centrifugation of claim 26, further including the step of removing a material from the vessel while the vessel is located in the centrifuge rotor cavity.

28. The method of automated centrifugation of claim 26, further including the step of sonicating a majority of the component while the vessel is located in the centrifuge rotor cavity.

29. The method of automated centrifugation of claim 26, wherein the step of re-suspending the component comprises adding a fluid to the vessel while the vessel is located in the centrifuge rotor cavity.

30. The method of automated centrifugation of claim 28, further including the step of removing a material from the vessel while the vessel is located in the centrifuge rotor cavity, and depositing the material into a specimen collector.

132. The method of claim 26, further comprising the steps of recognizing the vessel when the vessel is inserted into the cavity and tracking the tube when it is transferred from the centrifuge rotor cavity to a separate system or device

31. A method of automated centrifugation comprising the steps of:

arranging a cluster of cavities on a centrifuge rotor, each cavity configured to receive a sample;

inserting a set of elongated tubes into the cluster of cavities, wherein each tube holds a liquid and is inserted into a corresponding cavity; and

centrifuging the liquid and the sample.

32. The method of centrifugation of claim 31, further including the step of re-inserting the set of elongated tubes into the cavities to remove a portion of the liquid from each cavity.

33. The method of centrifugation of claim 31, wherein the cluster of cavities comprises at least four substantially parallel cavities.

34. The method of centrifugation of claim 31, wherein the set of automated elongated tubes is arranged so that when the set of automated elongated tubes is inserted into the cluster of cavities, at least one elongated tube is inserted into each cavity.

35. The method of centrifugation of claim 31, further comprising the step of positioning the cavities relative to the automated elongated tubes by using a reference index.

36. The method of centrifugation of claim 31, further including the step of removing at least part of the liquid from the cavities, and depositing the liquid into a specimen collector.

37. A centrifuge rotor comprising a cluster of holes located in the centrifuge rotor, each hole including a longitudinal axis;

wherein the longitudinal axes of the cluster of holes are substantially parallel.

38. The centrifuge rotor of claim 37, wherein the rotor includes a plurality of clusters of holes.

39. The centrifuge rotor of claim 37, wherein there are between about two and about ten holes in the cluster of holes.

40. The centrifuge rotor of claim 37, wherein there are between about 10 and about 200 holes located in the rotor.

41. The centrifuge rotor of claim 37, wherein each cluster of holes has four holes, and there are between about 8 and about 40 clusters of holes.

42. A centrifuge rotor comprising a cluster of holes located in the centrifuge rotor;

wherein the cluster of holes is arranged to substantially simultaneously receive a group of movable tubes held by a transport, wherein each of the movable tubes is structured to transport a liquid.

43. An automated centrifuge system comprising:

a rotor including a plurality of clusters of holes, each hole including a longitudinal axis, each cluster having holes with substantially parallel longitudinal axes;

a plurality of tubes arranged in at least two groups, with each group of tubes configured to be received into an adjacent cluster of holes;

a transport operably coupled to the groups of tubes; and

a controller that directs the transport to insert the groups of tubes into the adjacent clusters of holes.

44. The automated centrifuge system of claim 43, further including a plurality of rods arranged in a group, with the group rods configured to be positioned into a cluster of holes.

45. The automated centrifuge system of claim 43, wherein the two groups of tubes are arranged along first and second tube axes, so that the first tube axis is angled with respect to the second tube axis.

46. The automated centrifuge system of claim 45, further including a plurality of rods arranged along a rod axis, with the rod axis angled with respect to at least one of the first and second tube axes.

47. The automated centrifuge system of claim 43, further including a plurality of rods arranged along a rod axis, the rods configured to be received into a cluster of holes;

wherein the two groups of tubes are arranged along first and second tube axes, so that the first tube axis is substantially parallel to the rod axis, but the first tube axis is angled with respect to the second tube axis.

48. The automated centrifuge system of claim 43, wherein one group of tubes are aspirate tubes and a second group of tubes are dispense tubes.

49. The automated centrifuge system of claim 44, wherein the plurality of rods are sonication rods.

50. The automated centrifuge system of claim 43, wherein there are four holes in each cluster of holes and there are between about 8 and about 40 clusters of holes.

51. The automated centrifuge system of claim 43, wherein the two groups of tubes comprise four tubes each, wherein one group of tubes is configured to aspirate, and the other group of tubes is configured to dispense.

52. The automated centrifuge system of claim 43, further comprising a rotor position sensor.

53. The automated centrifuge system of claim 52, wherein the rotor position sensor is a rotary optical encoder.

54. A method of automated centrifugation, the method comprising the steps of:

placing a plurality of vessels in a plurality of centrifuge rotor cavities;

substantially isolating a majority of a component located in each vessel by centrifugation;

re-suspending the majority of the component in a first group of vessels; and

substantially simultaneously dispensing a substance into a second group of vessels.

55. The method of automated centrifugation of claim 54, wherein the steps of re-suspending the majority of the component and substantially simultaneously dispensing a substance into a second group of vessels are performed when the vessels are located in the centrifuge rotor cavities.

56. The method of automated centrifugation of claim 54, further including the steps of removing the component from the vessels while the vessels are located in the centrifuge rotor cavities, and depositing the component into a specimen collector.

57. The method of automated centrifugation of claim 56, wherein the specimen collector is selected from the group consisting of:

a filter, a nitrocellulose filter, a vessel, a resin, a resin bed, an ion-exchange resin and a hydrophobic interaction resin.

58. An automated centrifuge system comprising:

a rotor including a plurality of clusters of holes, each hole including a longitudinal axis, each cluster having holes with substantially parallel longitudinal axes;

a plurality of tubes arranged in at least two groups, with each group of tubes configured to be received into adjacent clusters of holes;

a rotor position member structured to determine the position of each cluster of holes;

a transport operably coupled to the groups of tubes; and

a controller that directs the transport to insert and remove the groups of tubes into the adjacent clusters of holes, and directs the rotor position member to rotate the rotor to another cluster of holes.

59. The automated centrifuge system of claim 58, further including an operator safety member that communicates with the controller, and directs the rotor position member to rotate the rotor when contacted by the operator.

60. The automated centrifuge system of claim 59, wherein the operator safety member is selected from the group consisting of:

a switch, a button, and a touch button.

61. The automated centrifuge system of claim 58, further including a rinse container structured to contain a fluid and moveably positioned adjacent to the plurality of tubes;

wherein the controller positions the tubes in the rinse container for selectively depositing waste fluid and rinsing the plurality tubes.

62. The automated centrifuge system of claim 61, wherein the rinse container comprises a tube bin, a rod bin and a runoff ramp.

63. An automated centrifuge comprising:

means for placing a plurality of vessels in a plurality of centrifuge rotor cavities;

means for substantially isolating a majority of a component located in each vessel by centrifugation;

means for re-suspending a majority of the component in a first group of vessels; and

means for substantially simultaneously dispensing a substance into a second group of vessels.

64. The automated centrifuge of claim 63, wherein the means for re-suspending the majority of the component and the means for substantially simultaneously dispensing a substance into a second group of vessels are capable of performing their functions when the vessels are located in the centrifuge rotor cavities.

65. The automated centrifugation of claim 63, further including means for removing the component from the vessels while the vessels are located in the centrifuge rotor cavities, and means for depositing the component into a specimen collector.

66. The automated centrifuge of claim 65, wherein the specimen collector is selected from the group consisting of:

a filter, a nitrocellulose filter, a vessel, a resin, a resin bed, an ion-exchange resin and a hydrophobic interaction resin.

67. A centrifuge rotor comprising:

a rotor body defining a plurality of cavities into which vessels containing material to be centrifuged may be removeably positioned, the plurality of cavities being positioned in two of more clusters about the rotor body, each cluster comprising at least two cavities which are oriented relative to each other such that longitudinal axes of the cavities in the cluster are parallel with each other.

68. A centrifuge rotor according to claim 67 wherein the rotor body comprises 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or more clusters.

69. A centrifuge rotor according to claim 67 wherein each cluster comprises 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 or more cavities whose longitudinal axes are parallel with each other.

70. A centrifuge rotor according to claim 67 wherein each cavity is capable of housing a vessel having a volume of at least 10 mL.

71. A centrifuge rotor according to claim 67 wherein each cavity is capable of housing a vessel having a volume of at least 25 mL.

72. A centrifuge rotor according to claim 67 wherein each cavity is capable of housing a vessel having a volume of at least 50 mL.

73. A centrifuge rotor according to claim 67 wherein each cavity is capable of housing a vessel having a volume of at least 75 mL.

74. A centrifuge rotor according to claim 67 wherein each cavity is capable of housing a vessel having a volume of at least 100 mL.

75. An automated centrifuge system comprising:

a centrifuge rotor for use with a centrifuge, the centrifuge rotor comprising a rotor body defining a plurality of cavities into which centrifuge vessels containing material to be centrifuged may be removeably positioned, the plurality of cavities being positioned in two of more clusters about the rotor body, each cluster comprising at least two cavities which are oriented relative to each other such that longitudinal axes of the cavities in the cluster are parallel with each other; and

a robot capable of positioning a plurality of the centrifuge vessels into a plurality of cavities in a same cluster of the centrifuge rotor at the same time.

76. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 75 wherein the robot is capable of positioning at least 2 centrifuge vessels into cavities in a same cluster of the centrifuge rotor at the same time.

77. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 75 wherein the robot is capable of positioning at least 4 centrifuge vessels into cavities in a same cluster of the centrifuge rotor at the same time.

78. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 75 wherein the robot is capable of positioning at least 8 centrifuge vessels into cavities in a same cluster of the centrifuge rotor at the same time.

79. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 75 wherein the robot is capable of positioning at least 16 centrifuge vessels into cavities in a same cluster of the centrifuge rotor at the same time.

80. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 75 wherein the robot is capable of positioning at least 32 centrifuge vessels into cavities in a same cluster of the centrifuge rotor at the same time.

81. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 75, the system further comprising logic for controlling a reorientation of the centrifuge head relative to the robot such that the robot is capable of positioning centrifuge vessels into cavities of different clusters of the centrifuge rotor.

82. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 75, the system further comprising logic for tracking which centrifuge vessels are positioned in which cavities.

83. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 75, the robot being further capable of removing a plurality of the centrifuge vessels from a plurality of cavities in a same cluster of the centrifuge rotor at the same time.

84. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 75, the system further comprising a centrifuge.

85. An automated centrifuge system comprising:

a centrifuge rotor for use with the centrifuge, the centrifuge rotor comprising a rotor body defining a plurality of cavities into which centrifuge vessels containing material to be centrifuged may be removeably positioned, the plurality of cavities being positioned in two of more clusters about the rotor body, each cluster comprising at least two cavities which are oriented relative to each other such that longitudinal axes of the cavities in the cluster are parallel with each other; and

a robot capable of positioning a plurality probes into a plurality of cavities in a same cluster of the centrifuge rotor at the same time, the probes being capable of performing a function upon a plurality of samples in the centrifuge vessels in the cavities at the same time.

86. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 85 wherein the plurality of probes are capable of performing a function on at least 3 different samples at the same time.

87. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 85 wherein the plurality of probes are capable of performing a function on at least 4 different samples at the same time.

88. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 85 wherein the plurality of probes are capable of performing a function on at least 6 different samples at the same time.

89. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 85 wherein the plurality of probes are capable of performing a function on at least 8 different samples at the same time.

90. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 85 wherein the plurality of probes are capable of performing a function on at least 16 different samples at the same time.

91. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 85 wherein the plurality of probes are capable of performing a function on at least 32 different samples at the same time.

92. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 85 wherein the function is selected from the group consisting of removing material from a sample, dispensing material into a sample, vibrating a sample, and measuring a property of the sample.

93. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 85 wherein the function is aspirating fluid from the sample and the probes comprise tubes for performing the aspirating function.

94. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 85 wherein the function is sonicating a sample and the probes are sonication rods.

95. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 85 wherein the function is dispensing material into the sample and the probes comprise tubes for performing the dispensing function.

96. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 85, the system further comprising logic for controlling a reorientation of the centrifuge head relative to the robot such that the robot is capable of positioning the probes into cavities of different clusters of the centrifuge rotor.

97. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 85, the system further comprising logic for tracking which centrifuge vessels are positioned in which cavities.

98. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 85, the system further comprising logic for tracking what function has been performed on which sample.

99. An automated centrifuge system according to claim 85, the system further comprising a centrifuge.

100. An automated method for introducing a plurality of centrifuge vessels into a centrifuge head comprising:

having a robot attach a plurality of centrifuge vessels to an arm of the robot;

having the robot move the plurality of centrifuge vessels adjacent a centrifuge rotor, the centrifuge rotor comprising a rotor body defining a plurality of cavities into which the centrifuge vessels may be removeably positioned, the plurality of cavities being positioned in two of more clusters about the rotor body, each cluster comprising at least 2 cavities which are oriented relative to each other such that longitudinal axes of the cavities in the cluster are parallel with each other; and

having the robot position the plurality of centrifuge vessels into a plurality of cavities in a same cluster of the centrifuge rotor at the same time.

101. An automated method according to claim 100 wherein the robot positions at least 3 centrifuge vessels into cavities in a same cluster of the centrifuge rotor at the same time.

102. An automated method according to claim 100 wherein the robot positions at least 4 centrifuge vessels into cavities in a same cluster of the centrifuge rotor at the same time.

103. An automated method according to claim 100 wherein the robot positions at least 8 centrifuge vessels into cavities in a same cluster of the centrifuge rotor at the same time.

104. An automated method according to claim 100 wherein the robot positions at least 16 centrifuge vessels into cavities in a same cluster of the centrifuge rotor at the same time.

105. An automated method according to claim 100 wherein the robot positions at least 32 centrifuge vessels into cavities in a same cluster of the centrifuge rotor at the same time.

106. An automated method according to claim 100, the method further comprising

having the robot attach a second plurality of centrifuge vessels to the arm of the robot;

and

having the robot position the second plurality of centrifuge vessels into a plurality of cavities in a second, different cluster of the centrifuge rotor, the second plurality of centrifuge vessels being positioned at the same time.

107. An automated method for introducing a plurality of centrifuge vessels into a centrifuge head comprising:

taking a centrifuge rotor comprising a rotor body defining a plurality of cavities into which centrifuge vessels are removeably positioned, the plurality of cavities being positioned in two of more clusters about the rotor body, each cluster comprising at least 2 cavities which are oriented relative to each other such that longitudinal axes of the cavities in the cluster are parallel with each other;

having a robot position a plurality probes into a plurality of cavities in a same cluster of the centrifuge rotor at the same time; and

having the probes perform a function upon a plurality of samples in the centrifuge vessels in the cavities at the same time.

108. An automated method according to claim 107 wherein the plurality of probes perform a function on at least 3 different samples at the same time.

109. An automated method according to claim 107 wherein the plurality of probes perform a function on at least 4 different samples at the same time.

110. An automated method according to claim 107 wherein the plurality of probes perform a function on at least 6 different samples at the same time.

111. An automated method according to claim 107 wherein the plurality of probes perform a function on at least 8 different samples at the same time.

112. An automated method according to claim 107 wherein the plurality of probes perform a function on at least 16 different samples at the same time.

113. An automated method according to claim 107 wherein the plurality of probes perform a function on at least 32 different samples at the same time.

114. An automated method according to claim 107 wherein the function performed is selected from the group consisting of removing material from a sample, dispensing material into a sample, vibrating a sample, and measuring a property of the sample.

115. An automated method according to claim 107 wherein the function is aspirating fluid from the sample.

116. An automated method according to claim 107 wherein the function is sonicating a sample.

117. An automated method for processing a sample comprising:

having a first robot attach a plurality of centrifuge vessels to an arm of the first robot, each centrifuge vessel containing a sample to be processed;

having the first robot move the plurality of centrifuge vessels adjacent a centrifuge rotor, the centrifuge rotor comprising a rotor body defining a plurality of cavities into which the centrifuge vessels may be removeably positioned, the plurality of cavities being positioned in two of more clusters about the rotor body, each cluster comprising at least 2 cavities which are oriented relative to each other such that longitudinal axes of the cavities in the cluster are parallel with each other;

having the first robot position the plurality of centrifuge vessels into a plurality of cavities in a same cluster of the centrifuge rotor at the same time;

repeating the first robot attachment and positioning steps until centrifuge vessels are positioned in multiple clusters of cavities in the centrifuge head;

centrifuging the samples in the centrifuge vessels in the centrifuge head; and

processing the centrifuged samples in the centrifuge vessels by having a second robot position a plurality probes into a plurality of cavities in a same cluster of the centrifuge rotor at the same time, and having the probes perform a function upon a plurality of samples in the centrifuge vessels in the cavities at the same time, repeating the second robot positioning and function performing steps for the samples in the centrifuge head.

118. An automated method according to claim 117 wherein the plurality of probes perform a function on at least 3 different samples at the same time.

119. An automated method according to claim 117 wherein the plurality of probes perform a function on at least 4 different samples at the same time.

120. An automated method according to claim 117 wherein the plurality of probes perform a function on at least 6 different samples at the same time.

121. An automated method according to claim 117 wherein the plurality of probes perform a function on at least 8 different samples at the same time.

122. An automated method according to claim 117 wherein the plurality of probes perform a function on at least 16 different samples at the same time.

123. An automated method according to claim 117 wherein the plurality of probes perform a function on at least 32 different samples at the same time.

124. An automated method according to claim 117 wherein the function performed is selected from the group consisting of removing material from a sample, dispensing material into a sample, vibrating a sample, and measuring a property of the sample.

125. An automated method according to claim 117 wherein the function is aspirating fluid from the sample.

126. An automated method according to claim 117 wherein the function is sonicating a sample.

127. An automated method according to claim 117 wherein the sample is a fermentation sample, the function comprising removing supernatant from the centrifuged sample.

128. An automated method according to claim 127, the method further comprising having a third robot employ probes to remove a cell pellet from the centrifuged centrifuge vessels.

129. An automated method according to claim 128, the method further comprising reintroducing the removed supernatant into the corresponding centrifuge vessels.

130. An automated method according to claim 129, the method further comprising centrifuging the removed supernatant once reintroduced into the corresponding centrifuge vessels.