Method and device for battery charger and diagnosis with detectable battery energy barrier

• US 20060145658A1
• Filed: 12/28/2005
• Published: 07/06/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 12/31/2004
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Jason El Technology Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Jason El Technology Company Limited
• Inventors: Wang, Jeen-Shuh
• Application Number:
  US11/318,884
• Publication Number:
  US 20060145658A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 320/107
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0047 with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0049 Detection of fully charged condition
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00714 in response to battery charging or discharging current
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007182 in response to battery voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007194 of the battery
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 40/00 Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers

Abstract

Methods and device for battery charging and diagnosis provide a measuring batter energy state in which charging strategy alternate with the minimize balance between battery energy state and charging energy in which the balance is existed in battery energy barrier. Variance battery energy barrier derives adaptive charging cycle and charging protection in to approach the requirements of safety, full charge and high performance for lead-acid battery. The charging cycle derives protection mode to adapt the initial battery energy barrier state, and derives diagnosis mode to adapt electrolyte activities diffusion state, and derives the charging mode in optimum strategy to adapt polarization, storage and saturation cycle by using measure battery energy barrier, and derives the alert indication mode to result the charging cycles and diagnosis, in which the output charging energy is derived as continuous and minimum energy in inhibit of reduce efficiency due to the violent agitation and the fluctuation phenomenon in appearance in charging cycle. This invention comprise Primary power supply unit, measurement and control unit, secondary side control unit and alert/indication unit to feature the functions with stable, safety, full charging, high efficiency, diagnostic and longevity charger.

Claims

1. A method for battery charger and diagnosis with detectable battery energy barrier comprising several measuring or a groups of measuring in a combination for battery energy barrier, said BEB measuring, for each said measuring BEB or a groups of measuring BEB, and several calculating or a groups of calculating in a combination for battery energy barrier, said calculating BEB, for each said calculating BEB or a groups of calculating BEB, wherein used to measure and calculate the BEB of lead-acid battery, wherein measuring BEB and calculating BEB used to reasoning the output charging energy, wherein said the measuring BEB and calculating BEB and reasoning comprising several procedure steps or a series of procedure steps, said reasoning procedure, wherein reasoning procedure comprising,

checking the power source connected with lead-acid battery before charging, is in the limited threshold, otherwise alarm or not and display or not;

checking the output working voltage before charging, is in the limited threshold, otherwise alarm or not and display or not;

sensing the loop current, battery voltage and temperature at the predetermined sampling time, whose the battery voltage is lower than predetermined the low limit voltage, said under-voltage, whose the battery voltage is high than predetermined the upper limit voltage, said over-voltage, cut-off the output to battery and alarm or not and display or not;

controlling output a certain energy to charge the battery and sensing the loop current, battery voltage and battery temperature at the predetermined sampling time, and measuring BEB and calculating BEB, after battery diffusion complete, calculate the time constant of the diffusion;

controlling output a certain energy to charge the battery and sensing the loop current, battery voltage and battery temperature at the defined sampling time, and measuring BEB and calculating BEB, after battery polarization finished, calculate the time need of the polarization;

sensing the battery temperature and measuring BEB and calculating BEB, whose the temperature is high than predetermined temperature, calculating the trickle charging energy, and control output the trickle energy to battery;

controlling output energy to charge the battery and sensing the loop current, battery voltage and battery temperature at the predetermined sampling time, and measuring BEB and calculating BEB, calculating the output energy by maximum charging efficiency and restrained BEB, wherein output energy to battery is determined by maximum need of the battery;

alarm or not and display or not at the change of charging stages.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, wherein the measuring BEB and calculating BEB and reasoning procedure is reduced comprising as,

while the battery is connected and before the output energy charging, measuring BEB and calculating BEB with the initial present battery voltage divided by nominal voltage, loop current by nominal current, and battery temperature by atmospheric temperature;

while the initial polarization of the battery is finished, calculating the output energy of the charging with the minimum difference between BEB and previous sampling charging energy, battery temperature slope and the shortest charging time;

whose the maximal charging output energy is limited as the energy of a fixed fold of nominal battery voltage and nominal charging current and limited the predetermined battery temperature.

3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, while the initial polarization of the battery is finished, wherein the reasoning procedure can be simplified as, the output energy is reasoning by using the first-order relation with charging time, the equations as follows:

during the stage from polarization finished to the upper limit battery voltage, the calculating BEB, E_B(t) can be expressed by the equation

E_B(t)=E_Q+α

₃₁ t+β

₃₁ t²,

and while the charging energy output E_c(t) is simplified to

E_C(t)=1/η

(ka₃₁+kb₃₁A_P/V_Pt),

where the coefficient is;

0.9 E_Q≦

ka₃₁≦

E_Q
(α

₃₁−

2T_Bβ

₃₁)V_P/A_P≦

kb₃₁≦

α

₃₁V_P/A_P

when the battery voltage rise to the upper limit and current descend to the minimum, the calculating BEB, E_B(t) can be described by the equation

E_B(t)=E_B(t=T₃)+α

₃₂ t+β

₃₂ t²,

and while the charging energy output E_c(t) is simplified to

E_C(t)=1/η

(ka₃₂+kb₃₂A_Pt),

the coefficient is;

0.9 E_B(t=T₃)≦

ka₃₂≦

E_B(t=T₃)
(α

₃₂−

2T_Bβ

₃₂)1/A_P≦

kb₃₂≦

α

₃₂1/A_P

and limited the predetermined battery temperature;

whereas, V_P is battery'"'"'s nominal voltage;

A_P nominal current;

T₃ the time need when the battery voltage rise to the upper limit is completed, said first charging stage;

T_B the time from diffusion to the complete polarization;

η

the charger efficiency constant.

4. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, the output energy E_c(t) is reasoning by using the following:

while after polarization finished, setting the BEB to the lower limit, charging energy to the maximum limit, employ predetermined loop current and upper limit voltage to charge, wherein the upper limit voltage is calculated as fixed ratio fold of battery nominal voltage;

while the battery reaches the upper limit voltage, then setting the BEB to the lower limit, charging energy to the maximum limit, employ un-fixed loop current and limited the predetermined battery temperature to charge.

5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, wherein the reasoning procedure can be simplified as,

while after polarization finished, setting the BEB E_B(t)=a₃₁, whose coefficient is 1.0 E_Q≦

a₃₁≦

1.23 E_Q threshold, current is A_P, the upper limit for charging voltage V₃;

while the battery reaches the upper limit voltage, set BEB E_B(t)=a₃₂, whose coefficient is 1.0 V₃×

A₃≦

a₃₂≦

1.15 V₃×

A₃ threshold;

charge with V₃ and unlimited loop current and limited the predetermined battery temperature;

whereas, E_Q stands for BEB under charge equilibrium status, V₃ and A₃ for the battery voltage and loop current when the 1^st stage is finished.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, whose calculating the time constant of the diffusion can be further simplified as, use the step response of (V₁−

V₀) to get the time constant through battery voltage rise, where V₀ is the initial battery voltage, V₁ the battery voltage at complete diffusion.

7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, whose calculating the time constant of the diffusion use the step response can be further simplified as:

calculating with following any one value or the following two values average;

the time for the battery voltage to reach 0.632(V₁−

V₀) threshold;

or one fourth of the sum of time battery voltage to reach 0.632(V₁−

V₀) threshold plus that to reach 0.95(V₁−

V₀) threshold;

whereas, V₀ is initial battery voltage, V₁ the battery voltage at complete diffusion, V₂ the voltage at polarization finished.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, whose the measuring BEB and calculating BEB and reasoning with the following method:

while the battery is connected with charger before charging calculating BEB with the initial battery voltage divided by nominal voltage, and loop current by nominal current;

as;

while the polarization is complete, calculating the output energy of the charging with the minimum difference between BEB and charging energy;

the maximal energy output is the fixed fold of battery'"'"'s nominal voltage and current and limited the predetermined battery temperature;

whose the maximal output energy is the fixed fold of battery'"'"'s nominal voltage and current.

9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, whose the measuring BEB and calculating BEB and reasoning can be simplified as the first-order relation between charging energy and time;

while the polarization is complete and battery voltage rising to the upper limit, BEB E_B(t) can be expressed by the equation

E_B(t)=E_Q+α

₃₁ t+β

₃₁ t²,

and the energy output E_c(t) is simplified into

E_C(t)=1/η

(ka₃₁+kb₃₁A_P/V_Pt),

whose coefficient is;

0.9 E_Q≦

ka₃₁≦

E_Q
(α

₃₁−

2T_Bβ

₃₁)V_P/A_P≦

kb₃₁≦

α

₃₁V_P/A_P

while the battery voltage rising to the upper limit and current descend to the minimum, BEB E_B(t) can be described by the equation

E_B(t)=E_B(t=T₃)+α

₃₂ t+β

₃₂ t²,

and the output energy E_c(t) is simplified to

E_C(t)=1/η

(ka₃₂+kb₃₂A_Pt),

whose coefficient is;

0.9 E_B(t=T₃)≦

ka₃₂≦

E_B(t=T₃)
(α

₃₂−

2T_Bβ

₃₂)1/A_P≦

kb₃₂≦

α

₃₂1/A_P

whereas, V_P is battery'"'"'s nominal voltage;

A_P nominal current;

T₃ the time need when the battery voltage rise to the upper limit is completed, said first charging stage;

T_B the time from diffusion to the complete polarization;

η

the charger efficiency constant.

10. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, whose the measuring BEB and calculating BEB and reasoning can be simplified as the following:

while the polarization is complete and battery voltage rising to the upper limit, setting the BEB to the minimum limit, output energy to the maximal limit to the output energy;

in other words, employ a fixed loop current, and employ a fixed charging voltage that the voltage is higher than the maximal battery voltage;

whose the maximal output energy is the energy of reached the fixed fold of battery'"'"'s nominal voltage;

while the battery voltage rising to the upper limit, setting BEB to the minimum limit and output energy to the maximal limit, that is, to further charge by keeping the highest voltage and unfixed loop current and limited the predetermined battery temperature.

11. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, whose about the calculation of the energy barrier, the calculation of the output energy E_c(t) and BEB E_B(t) can be simplified as the following:

while the battery polarization finished, setting the BEB E_B(t)=a₃₁, to be the output energy, whose coefficient is 1.0 E_Q≦

a₃₁≦

1.23 E_Qthreshold, the current is A_P, the upper limit for charging voltage V₃;

while the battery reaches the upper limit voltage, setting BEB E_B(t)=a₃₂, to be the output energy, whose coefficient is 1.0 V₃×

A₃≦

a₃₂≦

1.15 V₃×

A₃ threshold;

charge with V₃ and unfixed loop current and limited the predetermined battery temperature;

whereas, E_Q stands for BEB under charge equilibrium status, V₃ and A₃ for the battery voltage and loop current when the 1^st stage is finished.

18. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, whose calculating the time constant of the diffusion use the step response can be further simplified as:

calculating with following any one value or the following two values average;

the time for the battery voltage to reach 0.632(V₁−

V₀) threshold;

or one fourth of the sum of time battery voltage to reach 0.632(V₁−

V₀) threshold plus that to reach 0.95(V₁−

V₀) threshold;

whereas, V₀ is initial battery voltage, V₁ the battery voltage at complete diffusion, V₂ the voltage at polarization finished.

23. A diagnosis method for battery charger and diagnosis with detectable battery energy barrier comprising the measuring BEB and calculating BEB, according to claim 1, wherein said the diagnosis by using measuring BEB and calculating BEB comprising any one procedure step or several procedure steps or any combination of procedure steps, said diagnosis procedure, wherein diagnosis procedure comprising,

calculating the initial BEB, if it is negative, commanding an output to the protect circuit for polarity protection, and charging the battery after polar has changed to correct polarity;

sensing the battery voltage to diagnosis the battery is malfunctioned or abnormal or the charger is not suitable, wherein the battery voltage is lower than the predetermined low battery voltage, then turn off the charging output energy, and give out alarm or alarm with buzz;

sensing the battery voltage to diagnosis the battery is already fully charged or the charger is not suitable, wherein the battery voltage is higher than the predetermined upper battery voltage, then turn off the charging output energy, and give out alarm or alarm with buzz;

calculating the time constant after battery diffusion finished to diagnosis the one or several cell of the battery pack is of shortage or passivation, wherein the time constant is higher than predetermined time or is lower than predetermined time, give out alarm or alarm with buzz, or cut off the output energy;

starting timer to diagnosis one or several cells of the battery pack is of shortage or passivation;

wherein the time need to achieve polarization equilibrium finished is longer than predetermined time, give out alarm or alarm with buzz, or cut off the output energy;

detecting the battery temperature to diagnosis the insufficiency of active materials of one or several cells of the battery pack, wherein the battery temperature is higher than the preset temperature, give out alarm or alarm with buzz, or cut off the output energy;

starting timer to diagnosis one or several cells of the battery pack is unable to be charged or is unable to discharge, wherein the battery voltage can not achieve the predetermined voltage value in the predetermined time, give out alarm or alarm with buzz, or cut off the output energy;

starting timer to diagnosis one or several cells of the battery pack is unable to be charged or is unable to discharge, wherein the loop current can not descend to the predetermined current value in the predetermined time, give out alarm or alarm with buzz, or cut off the output energy;

starting timer to diagnosis one or several cells of the battery pack has electrical leakage even the battery can discharge and charge, wherein the loop current can not descend to the predetermined current value in the predetermined time in trickle charge period, give out alarm or alarm with buzz, or cut off the output energy.

24. The diagnosis method as claimed in claim 23, to diagnosis one or several cells of the battery pack is normal, give out alarm or alarm with buzz, or cut off the output energy;

whose the diagnosis method employs the calculation of the time constant of the battery diffusion, wherein the time constant is lower than the predetermined first value or higher than the predetermined second value, whose the first value can be between 18 and 25 seconds threshold, the second between 40 and 60 seconds threshold.

25. The diagnosis method as claimed in claim 23, to diagnosis one or several cells of the battery pack is normal in the trickle charging period by using starting trickle charging time, wherein the loop current can not descend to the predetermined current value in the predetermined time in trickle charge period, whose the predetermined current value is 0.9˜

1.1 A threshold.

28. The diagnosis method as claimed in claim 23, to diagnosis one or several cells of the battery pack is normal in the trickle charging period by using starting trickle charging time, wherein the loop current can not descend to the predetermined current value in the predetermined time in trickle charge period, whose the predetermined current value is 0.9˜

1.1 A threshold.

29. A device for battery charger and diagnosis with detectable battery energy barrier comprising,

charging method means as claimed in claim 1, whose utilize the measuring BEB and calculating BEB to reason the output energy to charge a battery;

diagnosis method means as claimed in claim 23, whose utilize the measuring BEB and calculating BEB to diagnose the battery;

primary power supply unit 31 means to transform AC to DC and control the output charging power, including means;

EMI filtration circuit 311, which can prevent the damage caused by the surging of the external AC power, including means;

surging absorber which can absorb the voltage surging of external power source prevents the damage of the circuit components by high voltage is imposed from the external, normal choke filtering circuit which employs some capacitors to filter the normal choke from external power source, common choke filtering circuit which employs one or some capacitors to filter the common choke from external power source;

bridge rectifier 312, which can transform the sine AC power to pulse power;

bulk cap filter 313, which is able to make smoother the pulse type power transformed through bridge rectifier 312 to become DC power;

power factor calibration circuit (PFC calibrator) 314, used to adjust the power factor of the output power, i.e., the phase adjustment of the voltage and current wave, to reduce the reactive power and increase the real power, and then to improve the efficiency of the output power;

pulse width module controller (PWM controller) 315, which includes MOSFET and service circuit, regulates the duty ratio of the pulse according to the control signal from BEB measure and control unit 32, to regulate and transfer into high frequency pulse signals, and introduce to the transformer 316;

transformer 316, used to receive and transform the high frequency pulse signals from PWM controller 315 and then transform to power to introduce to the secondary control unit 33;

BEB measure and control unit 32 means to measure and calculate battery energy barrier and reason the suitable charging output energy and diagnose the status of battery, including means;

current sensing circuit 321, used to sense the loop current during charge and input it into calculate controller 325;

voltage sensing circuit 322, used to sense the battery voltage and input it into calculate controller 325;

temperature sensing circuit 323, by through the temperature sensor mounted on battery and able to receive temperature signals to measure the battery'"'"'s temperature then inputted into calculate controller 325;

timer circuit 324, able to receive the control signal from calculate controller 325 to reset and count down;

calculate controller 325, which can receive the current value outputted from current sensing circuit 321, the voltage value outputted from voltage sensing circuit 322, and the temperature value outputted from temperature sensing circuit 323, output the timing time signal to timer circuit 324, receive the output signal from timer circuit 324, output control signal to primary power supply unit 31, secondary control unit 33 and alarm &

display unit 34, calculate the initial BEB and BEB by predetermined sampling time during charge, and reason the suitable output energy amplitude, and diagnose the battery into alarm signals;

secondary control unit 33 means to control DC output energy, including means;

rectifier 331, receive and amplify the DC from primary power supply unit 31;

switch set circuit 332, controlled to on/off output to battery;

protect circuit 333, including several relay switches, which, when receive the control signal from BEB measure and control unit 32, if the BEB value is determined the battery polarity the same as that outputted from rectifier 331 and switch set circuit 332, would be output power correctly, otherwise, cutoff output to protect the battery and charger appliance when the value from BEB is determined the polarity is reverse;

alarm &

display unit 34 means to display and alarm the charge status and diagnose result, including means;

display 341, composed of, but not limited to, one or several groups of LED lights which can display the diagnosis results and charging status;

alarm 342, which can sound buzz with different frequency to alarm the diagnosis results and charging status.

30. The device as claimed in claim 29, wherein the protect circuit 333 of the secondary control unit 33 is used to detect the battery polarity by use circuit polarity;

when the rectifier 331 polarity is the same as battery polarity, the protect circuit 333 would turn on and drive the switch set circuit 332 to output energy to the charge, otherwise, cutoff the output.

31. The device as claimed in claim 29, wherein the display 341 can be composed of LCD.

12. A method for battery charger and diagnosis with detectable battery energy barrier comprising several measuring or a groups of measuring in a combination for battery energy barrier, said BEB measuring, for each said measuring BEB or a groups of measuring BEB, and several calculating or a groups of calculating in a combination for battery energy barrier, said calculating BEB, for each said calculating BEB or a groups of calculating BEB, wherein used to measure and calculate the BEB of lead-acid battery, wherein measuring BEB and calculating BEB used to reasoning the output charging energy, wherein said the measuring BEB and calculating BEB and reasoning comprising several procedure steps or a series of procedure steps, said reasoning procedure, wherein reasoning procedure comprising,

checking the power source connected with lead-acid battery before charging, is in the limited threshold, otherwise alarm or not and display or not;

checking the output working voltage before charging, is in the limited threshold, otherwise alarm or not and display or not;

sensing the loop current, battery voltage at the predetermined sampling time, whose the battery voltage is lower than predetermined the low limit voltage, said under-voltage, whose the battery voltage is high than predetermined the upper limit voltage, said over-voltage, cut-off the output to battery and alarm or not and display or not;

controlling output a certain energy to charge the battery and sensing the loop current, battery voltage at the predetermined sampling time, and measuring BEB and calculating BEB, after battery diffusion complete, calculate the time constant of the diffusion;

controlling output a certain energy to charge the battery and sensing the loop current, battery voltage at the defined sampling time, and measuring BEB and calculating BEB, after battery polarization complete, calculate the time need of the polarization;

measuring BEB and calculating BEB, according to sensing battery voltage and sensing loop current at the predetermined sampling time, calculating the output energy by maximum charging efficiency and restrained BEB, wherein output energy to battery is determined by maximum need of the battery, calculating the output energy and in term of charging voltage and charging current;

calculating the trickle output energy, charge by a fixed current;

alarm or not and display or not at the change of charging stages;

whose the BEB at time t is calculated the combination of battery voltage, loop current at polarization finished and battery voltage, loop current at time t.

13. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, wherein the measuring BEB and calculating BEB and reasoning procedure is reduced comprising as,

while the battery is connected and before the output energy charging, measuring BEB and calculating BEB with the initial present battery voltage divided by nominal voltage, loop current by nominal current;

while the initial polarization of the battery is finished, calculating the output energy of the charging with the minimum difference between BEB and previous sampling charging energy and the shortest charging time;

whose the maximal charging output energy is limited as the energy of a fixed fold of nominal battery voltage and nominal charging current.

14. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, while the initial polarization of the battery is finished, wherein the reasoning procedure can be simplified as, the output energy is reasoning by using the first-order relation with charging time, the equations as follows:

during the stage from polarization finished to the upper limit battery voltage, the calculating BEB, E_B(t) can be expressed by the equation

E_B(t)=E_Q+α

₃₁ t+β

₃₁ t²,

and while the charging energy output E_c(t) is simplified to

E_C(t)=1/η

(ka₃₁+kb₃₁A_P/V_Pt),

where the coefficient is;

0.9 E_Q≦

ka₃₁≦

E_Q
(α

₃₁−

2T_Bβ

₃₁)V_P/A_P≦

kb₃₁≦

α

₃₁V_P/A_P

when the battery voltage rise to the upper limit and current descend to the minimum, the calculating BEB, E_B(t) can be described by the equation E_B(t)=E_B(t=T₃)+α

₃₂ t+β

₃₂ t², and while the charging energy output E_c(t) is simplified to

E_C(t)=1/η

(ka₃₂+kb₃₂A_Pt),

the coefficient is;

0.9 E_B(t=T₃)≦

ka₃₂≦

E_B(t=T₃)
(α

₃₂−

2T_Bβ

₃₂)1/A_P≦

kb₃₂≦

α

₃₂1/A_P

whereas, V_P is battery'"'"'s nominal voltage;

A_P nominal current;

T₃ the time need when the battery voltage rise to the upper limit is completed, said first charging stage;

T_B the time from diffusion to the complete polarization;

η

the charger efficiency constant.

15. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, the output energy E_c(t) is reasoning by using the following:

while after polarization finished, setting the BEB to the lower limit, charging energy to the maximum limit, employ predetermined loop current and upper limit voltage to charge, wherein the upper limit voltage is calculated as fixed ratio fold of battery nominal voltage;

while the battery reaches the upper limit voltage, then setting the BEB to the lower limit, charging energy to the maximum limit, employ un-fixed loop current to charge.

16. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, wherein the reasoning procedure can be simplified as, while after polarization finished, setting the BEB E_B(t)=a₃₁, whose coefficient is 1.0 E_Q≦

a₃₁≦

1.23 E_Q threshold, current is A_P, the upper limit for charging voltage V₃;

while the battery reaches the upper limit voltage, set BEB E_B(t)=a₃₂, whose coefficient is 1.0 V₃×

A₃≦

a₃₂≦

1.15 V₃×

A₃ threshold;

charge with V₃ and unlimited loop current;

whereas, E_Qstands for BEB under charge equilibrium status, V₃ and A₃ for the battery voltage and loop current when the 1^st stage is finished.

17. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, whose calculating the time constant of the diffusion can be further simplified as:

use the step response of (V₁−

V₀) to get the time constant through battery voltage rise, where V₀ is the initial battery voltage, V₁ the battery voltage at complete diffusion.

19. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, whose the measuring BEB and calculating BEB and reasoning with the following method:

while the battery is connected with charger before charging calculating BEB with the initial battery voltage divided by nominal voltage, and loop current by nominal current as;

while the polarization is complete, calculating the output energy of the charging with the minimum difference between BEB and charging energy;

the maximal energy output is the fixed fold of battery'"'"'s nominal voltage and current;

whose the maximal output energy is the fixed fold of battery'"'"'s nominal voltage and current.

20. The method as claimed in claim 19, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, whose the measuring BEB and calculating BEB and reasoning can be simplified as the first-order relation between charging energy and time;

while the polarization is complete and battery voltage rising to the upper limit, BEB E_B(t) can be expressed by the equation

E_B(t)=E_Q+α

₃₁ t+β

₃₁ t²,

and the energy output E_c(t) is simplified into

E_C(t)=1/η

(ka₃₁+kb₃₁A_P/V_Pt),

whose coefficient is;

0.9 E_Q≦

ka₃₁≦

E_Q
(α

₃₁−

2T_Bβ

₃₁)V_P/A_P≦

kb₃₁≦

α

₃₁V_P/A_P

while the battery voltage rising to the upper limit and current descend to the minimum, BEB E_B(t) can be described by the equation

E_B(t)=E_B(t=T₃)+α

₃₂ t+β

₃₂ t²,

and the output energy E_c(t) is simplified to

E_C(t)=1/η

(ka₃₂+kb₃₂A_Pt),

whose coefficient is;

0.9 E_B(t=T₃)≦

ka₃₂≦

E_B(t=T₃)
(α

₃₂−

2T_Bβ

₃₂)1/A_P≦

kb₃₂≦

α

₃₂1/A_P

whereas, V_P is battery'"'"'s nominal voltage;

A_P nominal current;

T₃ the time need when the battery voltage rise to the upper limit is completed, said first charging stage;

T_B the time from diffusion to the complete polarization;

η

the charger efficiency constant.

21. The method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, whose the measuring BEB and calculating BEB and reasoning can be simplified as the following:

while the polarization is complete and battery voltage rising to the upper limit, setting the BEB to the minimum limit, output energy to the maximal limit to the output energy;

in other words, employ a fixed loop current, and employ a fixed charging voltage that the voltage is higher than the maximal battery voltage;

whose the maximal output energy is the energy of reached the fixed fold of battery'"'"'s nominal voltage;

while the battery voltage rising to the upper limit, setting BEB to the minimum limit and output energy to the maximal limit, that is, to further charge by keeping the highest voltage and unfixed loop current.

22. The method as claimed in claim 21, wherein the self-adaptive charge method for charging lead-acid battery, whose about the calculation of the energy barrier, the calculation of the output energy E_c(t) and BEB E_B(t) can be simplified as the following:

while the battery polarization finished, setting the BEB E_B(t)=a₃₁, to be the output energy, whose coefficient is 1.0 E_Q≦

a₃₁≦

1.23 E_Q threshold, the current is A_P, the upper limit for charging voltage V₃;

while the battery reaches the upper limit voltage, setting BEB E_B(t)=a₃₂, to be the output energy, whose coefficient is 1.0 V₃×

A₃≦

a₃₂≦

1.15 V₃×

A₃ threshold;

charge with V₃ and unfixed loop current;

whereas, E_Q stands for BEB under charge equilibrium status, V₃ and A₃ for the battery voltage and loop current when the 1^st stage is finished.

26. A diagnosis method for battery charger and diagnosis with detectable battery energy barrier, comprising the measuring BEB and calculating BEB, as claimed in claim 12, wherein said the diagnosis by using measuring BEB and calculating BEB comprising any one procedure step or several procedure steps or any combination of procedure steps, said diagnosis procedure, wherein diagnosis procedure comprising,

calculating the initial BEB, if it is negative, commanding an output to the protect circuit for polarity protection, and charging the battery after polar has changed to correct polarity;

sensing the battery voltage to diagnosis the battery is malfunctioned or abnormal or the charger is not suitable, wherein the battery voltage is lower than the predetermined low battery voltage, then turn off the charging output energy, and give out alarm or alarm with buzz;

sensing the battery voltage to diagnosis the battery is already fully charged or the charger is not suitable, wherein the battery voltage is higher than the predetermined upper battery voltage, then turn off the charging output energy, and give out alarm or alarm with buzz;

calculating the time constant after battery diffusion finished to diagnosis the one or several cell of the battery pack is of shortage or passivation, wherein the time constant is higher than predetermined time or is lower than predetermined time, give out alarm or alarm with buzz, or cut off the output energy;

starting timer to diagnosis one or several cells of the battery pack is of shortage or passivation;

wherein the time need to achieve polarization equilibrium finished is longer than predetermined time, give out alarm or alarm with buzz, or cut off the output energy;

starting timer to diagnosis one or several cells of the battery pack is unable to be charged or is unable to discharge, wherein the battery voltage can not achieve the predetermined voltage value in the predetermined time, give out alarm or alarm with buzz, or cut off the output energy;

starting timer to diagnosis one or several cells of the battery pack is unable to be charged or is unable to discharge, wherein the loop current can not descend to the predetermined current value in the predetermined time, give out alarm or alarm with buzz, or cut off the output energy;

starting timer to diagnosis one or several cells of the battery pack has electrical leakage even the battery can discharge and charge, wherein the loop current can not descend to the predetermined current value in the predetermined time in trickle charge period, give out alarm or alarm with buzz, or cut off the output energy.

27. The diagnosis method as claimed in claim 26, to diagnosis one or several cells of the battery pack is normal, give out alarm or alarm with buzz, or cut off the output energy;

whose the diagnosis method employs the calculation of the time constant of the battery diffusion, wherein the time constant is lower than the predetermined first value or higher than the predetermined second value, whose the first value can be between 18 and 25 seconds threshold, the second between 40 and 60 seconds threshold.

32. A device for battery charger and diagnosis with detectable battery energy barrier comprising,

charging method means as claimed in claim 12, whose utilize the measuring BEB and calculating BEB to reason the output energy to charge a battery;

diagnosis method means as claimed in claim 26, whose utilize the measuring BEB and calculating BEB to diagnose the battery;

primary power supply unit 31 means to transform AC to DC and control the output charging power, including means;

EMI filtration circuit 311, which can prevent the damage caused by the surging of the external AC power, including means;

surging absorber which can absorb the voltage surging of external power source prevents the damage of the circuit components by high voltage is imposed from the external, normal choke filtering circuit which employs some capacitors to filter the normal choke from external power source, common choke filtering circuit which employs one or some capacitors to filter the common choke from external power source;

bridge rectifier 312, which can transform the sine AC power to pulse power;

bulk cap filter 313, which is able to make smoother the pulse type power transformed through bridge rectifier 312 to become DC power;

power factor calibration circuit (PFC calibrator) 314, used to adjust the power factor of the output power, i.e., the phase adjustment of the voltage and current wave, to reduce the reactive power and increase the real power, and then to improve the efficiency of the output power;

pulse width module controller (PWM controller) 315, which includes MOSFET and service circuit, regulates the duty ratio of the pulse according to the control signal from BEB measure and control unit 32, to regulate and transfer into high frequency pulse signals, and introduce to the transformer 316;

transformer 316, used to receive and transform the high frequency pulse signals from PWM controller 315 and then transform to power to introduce to the secondary control unit 33;

BEB measure and control unit 32 means to measure and calculate battery energy barrier and reason the suitable charging output energy and diagnose the status of battery, including means;

current sensing circuit 321, used to sense the loop current during charge and input it into calculate controller 325;

voltage sensing circuit 322, used to sense the battery voltage and input it into calculate controller 325;

timer circuit 324, able to receive the control signal from calculate controller 325 to reset and count down;

calculate controller 325, which can receive the current value outputted from current sensing circuit 321, the voltage value outputted from voltage sensing circuit 322, output the timing time signal to timer circuit 324, receive the output signal from timer circuit 324, output control signal to primary power supply unit 31, secondary control unit 33 and alarm &

display unit 34, calculate the initial BEB and BEB by predetermined sampling time during charge, and reason the suitable output energy amplitude, and diagnose the battery into alarm signals;

secondary control unit 33 means to control DC output energy, including means;

rectifier 331, receive and amplify the DC from primary power supply unit 31;

switch set circuit 332, controlled to on/off output to battery;

protect circuit 333, including several relay switches, which, when receive the control signal from BEB measure and control unit 32, if the BEB value is determined the battery polarity the same as that outputted from rectifier 331 and switch set circuit 332, would be output power correctly, otherwise, cutoff output to protect the battery and charger appliance when the value from BEB is determined the polarity is reverse;

alarm &

display unit 34 means to display and alarm the charge status and diagnose result, including means;

display 341, composed of, but not limited to, one or several groups of LED lights which can display the diagnosis results and charging status;

alarm 342, which can sound buzz with different frequency to alarm the diagnosis results and charging status.

33. The device as claimed in claim 32, wherein the protect circuit 333 of the secondary control unit 33 is used to detect the battery polarity by use circuit polarity;

when the rectifier 331 polarity is the same as battery polarity, the protect circuit 333 would turn on and drive the switch set circuit 332 to output energy to the charge, otherwise, cutoff the output.

34. The device as claimed in claim 32, wherein the display 341 can be composed of LCD.