Method and apparatus for combining multi-exposure image data

• US 20090059039A1
• Filed: 08/31/2007
• Published: 03/05/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 08/31/2007
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Aptina Imaging Corporation (ON Semiconductor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Micron Technology, Inc.
• Inventors: Smith, Scott, Sarwari, Atif
• Application Number:
  US11/896,439
• Publication Number:
  US 20090059039A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 348/241
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 23/70 Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/589 with different integration times, e.g. short and long exposures

Abstract

A method and apparatus of combining multiple exposure images by applying a transfer function to pixel output signals from pixels in a pixel array, the pixel output signals from each pixel including at least a first pixel output signal generated in response to a first exposure time and a second pixel output signal generated in response to a second exposure time.

Claims

1. A multi-exposure imaging circuit, comprising:

at least one pixel signal input for carrying a first and a second pixel output signal from a same pixel, the first pixel output signal generated in response to a first exposure time and the second pixel output signal generated in response to a second exposure time;

a transfer function circuit for applying a transfer function to the first pixel output signal resulting in a transfer signal and an inverse transfer function to the second pixel output signal resulting in an inverse transfer signal; and

summing circuitry for summing the transfer and inverse transfer signals into a combined output signal.

2. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the transfer function has a first value for pixel output signal levels less than a first predetermined signal level, a second value for pixel output signal levels greater than a second predetermined signal level, and a plurality of values in between the first value and the second value for pixel output signal levels between the first and second predetermined signal levels.

3. The circuit of claim 2, wherein the plurality of values in between the first value and the second value are defined by a linear equation.

4. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the transfer function circuit generates the transfer function using either a function generator or a look-up table.

6. The circuit of claim 1, further comprising weighting circuitry for applying an exposure factor to at least one of the first and second pixel output signals before the transfer function or inverse transfer function is applied.

7. The circuit of claim 6, the exposure factor is applied to the second pixel output signal resulting in a weighted second pixel output signal, the inverse transfer signal arising from the application of the inverse transfer function to the weighted second pixel output signal.

8. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the first exposure time is longer than the second exposure time.

9. The circuit of claim 8, wherein the combined output signal has a signal-to-noise ratio that is approximately equal to a signal-to-noise ratio of the first pixel output signal for pixel output signal levels less than a first predetermined signal level and the second pixel output signal for pixel output signal levels greater than a second predetermined signal level.

11. The circuit of claim 8, wherein the combined output signal has a signal-to-noise ratio that is less than a signal-to-noise ratio of a summed first and second pixel output signals in between a first and second predetermined signal level.

5. (canceled)

10. (canceled)

12. An imager, comprising:

a pixel array; and

a multiple exposure image circuit that applies a transfer function and an inverse transfer function to pixel output signals from pixels in the pixel array, the pixel output signals from each pixel including at least a first pixel output signal generated in response to a first exposure time and a second pixel output signal generated in response to a second exposure time.

14. The imager of claim 12, wherein the multiple exposure circuit applies the transfer function to the first pixel output signal from each pixel resulting in a transfer signal and the inverse transfer function to the second pixel output signal from each pixel resulting in an inverse transfer signal.

15. The imager of claim 14, wherein the multiple exposure circuit combines the transfer signal and the inverse transfer signal.

19. The imager of claim 12, wherein the transfer function has a first value for pixel output signal levels less than a first predetermined signal level, a second value for pixel output signal levels greater than a second predetermined signal level, and a plurality of values in between the first value and the second value for pixel output signal levels between the first and second predetermined signal levels.

20. The imager of claim 19, wherein the plurality of values in between the first value and the second value are defined by a linear equation.

22. The imager of claim 12 wherein the transfer function is generated by one of a function generator and a look-up table.

23. The imager of claim 12, wherein the multiple exposure image combination circuit applies an exposure factor to the second pixel output signal.

13. (canceled)

16-18. -18. (canceled)

21. (canceled)

24. A processing system, comprising:

a processor; and

an imaging device coupled to said processor, said imaging device comprising;

a pixel array that outputs a first pixel output signal and a second pixel output signal for each pixel in the pixel array, the first pixel output signal arising from a first exposure time and the second pixel output signal arising from a second exposure time; and

a multiple exposure image circuit for applying a transfer function to the first pixel output signal and an inverse transfer function to the second pixel output signal.

32. The system of claim 24, wherein the multiple exposure image circuit applies an exposure factor to the second pixel output signal.

33. The system of claim 24, wherein the processing system is a camera system.

25-31. -31. (canceled)

34. A method of combining multiple exposures of an image, the method comprising:

receiving a first pixel signal from one or more pixels exposed to a first exposure time;

receiving a second pixel signal from the one or more pixels exposed to a second exposure time;

applying a transfer function to the first pixel signal;

applying an inverse transfer function to the second pixel signal; and

combining the transferred first pixel signal and the transferred second pixel signal.

35. The method of claim 34, wherein the first exposure time is longer than the second exposure time.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein the transfer function has a first value for pixel output signal levels less than a first predetermined signal level, a second value for pixel output signal levels greater than a second predetermined signal level, and a plurality of values in between the first value and the second value for pixel output signal levels between the first and second predetermined signal levels.

37. The method of claim 34, wherein the combined signals have a signal-to-noise ratio that is approximately equal to a signal-to-noise ratio of the first pixel signal for pixel signals less than a predetermined signal level and the second pixel output signal for pixel output signal levels greater than a second predetermined signal level.

39. The method of claim 34, wherein the combined signals have a signal-to-noise ratio that is less than a signal-to-noise ratio of a summed first and second pixel signals in between a first and second predetermined signal level.

40. The method of claim 34, further comprising applying a weighted exposure factor to the second pixel signal before the inverse transfer function is applied.

38. (canceled)

41. (canceled)