COMPOSITIONS FOR SLEEPING DISORDERS

• US 20090124627A1
• Filed: 12/19/2008
• Published: 05/14/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 05/18/2004
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Dewi Kenneth Rowlands, Hsiao Chang Chan, Yiu W.A. Chung, Yu Lin Gou
• Original Assignee: Dewi Kenneth Rowlands, Hsiao Chang Chan, Yiu W.A. Chung, Yu Lin Gou
• Inventors: Rowlands, Dewi Kenneth, Chan, Hsiao Chang, Gou, Yu Lin, Chung, Yiu Wa
• Application Number:
  US12/340,376
• Publication Number:
  US 20090124627A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 514/249
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2300/00 Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/352 condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline cannabinoids A61K31/658
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/353 3,4-Dihydrobenzopyrans, e.g. chroman, catechin
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/452 Piperidinium derivatives pancuronium A61K31/58
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/4709 Non-condensed quinolines and containing further heterocyclic rings
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/7048 having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin , digitoxin or digoxin
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 17/00 Drugs for dermatological disorders
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 21/02 Muscle relaxants, e.g. for tetanus or cramps
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 25/00 Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 25/14 for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 25/16 Anti-Parkinson drugs
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 25/20 Hypnotics; Sedatives
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 25/24 Antidepressants
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 25/28 for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 27/06 Antiglaucoma agents or miotics

Abstract

Provided herein is a method for treating, preventing, or ameliorating a disorder such as insomnia or another sleeping disorder using a composition that contains an effective amount of one or more compounds.

Claims

1. A method of treating, preventing, or ameliorating insomnia or another sleeping disorder in a human subject, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a composition comprising a compound of formulae I, II, or IV, the compound being effective for treating, preventing, or ameliorating insomnia or a sleeping disorder related to a disorder selected from the group consisting of depression-related disease, stress-related disease, depression-related sleep disorder, neurodegeneration diseases, Alzheimer'"'"'s disease, Pick'"'"'s disease, spinocerbellar degeneration, Parkinson'"'"'s disease, chorea, glaucoma, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, senile macular degeneration, hepatic encephalopathy, demyelinating diseases, Lewy body dementia, multi-infarct dementia, multiple sclerosis and combinations thereof,

wherein the compound of formulae I or II has a structure of

in which:

R₁, R₂, and R₁₂ taken independently are selected from absence, hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule;

R₃, R₄, R₅, R₆, R₇, R₈, R₉, R₁₀, R₁₁, R₁₃ and R₂₀ taken independently are selected from hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule;

Z₁, Z₂ and Z₃ taken independently are oxygen (O), sulphur (S), or NH;

Z₁ and R₁ taken together are a moiety of formula III;

where

R₁₄, R₁₅, R₁₆, R₁₇, R₁₈ and R₁₉ taken independently are selected from hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule; and

Z₄ is oxygen (O), sulphur (S), or NH,

wherein the compound of Formula II is not myricetin,

wherein the compound of Formula IV has a structure of

in which;

R₁, R₆, and R₈ taken independently are selected from absence, hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule;

R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅, R₇, R₉, R₁₀, R₁₁, R₁₂ and R₁₃ taken independently are selected from hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule;

Z₁, Z₂ and Z₃ taken independently are selected from oxygen (O), sulphur (S), or NH; and

Z₁ and R₁ taken together are a moiety of formula III;

in which

R₁₃, R₁₄, R₁₅, R₁₆, R₁₇, and R₁₈ taken independently are selected from hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound of Formula I is myricitrin.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound of formula II is in a racemic form, a mixture of diastero isomers, or an enantiomer.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the enantiomer has a structure as shown in formulae IIa, IIb, IIc and IId:

in which;

R₁, R₂, and R₁₂ taken independently are selected from absence, hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule;

R₃, R₄, R₅, R₆, R₇, R₈, R₉, R₁₀, R₁₁, R₁₃ and R₂₀ taken independently are selected from hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule;

Z₁, Z₂ and Z₃ taken independently are oxygen (O), sulphur (S), or NH;

Z₁ and R₁ taken together is a moiety of formula III;

where

R₁₄, R₁₅, R₁₆, R₁₇, R₁₈ and R₁₉ taken independently are selected from hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule; and

Z₄ is oxygen (O), sulphur (S), or NH.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound of formula II is a compound of formula IIe:

in which R₁ is selected from hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule.

11. The method of claim 1, further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

13. The method of claim 1, further comprising an agent selected from the group consisting of antiviral agent, antibiotics, anti-depression agent, anti-cancer agents, immunosuppressant, anti-fungal, and a combination thereof.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is a carrier suitable for oral delivery, parenteral delivery, topical delivery, mucosal delivery, intradermal delivery, intravenous injection, subcutaneous injection, intramedullary injection, administration by inhalation, and intranasal delivery.

17. The method of claim 15 in a dosage form selected from the group consisting of a solution, a suspension, a syrup, a tablet, a capsule, microparticles, an ointment, a cream, and a lozenge.

6. A method of treating, preventing, or ameliorating insomnia or another sleeping disorder in a human subject, comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising at least two compounds of formula I, II or IV, the compounds being effective for treating, preventing, or ameliorating insomnia or a sleeping disorder related to a disorder selected from the group consisting of depression-related disease, stress-related disease, depression-related sleep disorder, neurodegeneration diseases, Alzheimer'"'"'s disease, Pick'"'"'s disease, spinocerbellar degeneration, Parkinson'"'"'s disease, chorea, glaucoma, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, senile macular degeneration, hepatic encephalopathy, demyelinating diseases, Lewy body dementia, multi-infarct dementia, multiple sclerosis and combinations thereof,

wherein the compound of formulae I or II has a structure of

in which:

R₁, R₂, and R₁₂ taken independently are selected from absence, hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule;

R₃, R₄, R₅, R₆, R₇, R₈, R₉, R₁₀, R₁₁, R₁₃ and R₂₀ taken independently are selected from hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule;

Z₁, Z₂ and Z₃ taken independently are oxygen (O), sulphur (S), or NH;

Z₁ and R₁ taken together are a moiety of formula III;

where

R₁₄, R₁₅, R₁₆, R₁₇, R₁₈ and R₁₉ taken independently are selected from hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule; and

Z₄ is oxygen (O), sulphur (S), or NH,

wherein the compound of Formula IV has a structure of

in which;

R₁, R₆, and R₈ taken independently are selected from absence, hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule;

R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅, R₇, R₉, R₁₀, R₁₁, R₁₂ and R₁₃ taken independently are selected from hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule;

Z₁, Z₂ and Z₃ taken independently are oxygen (O), sulphur (S), or NH; and

Z₁ and R₁ taken together are a moiety of formula III;

in which

R₁₃, R₁₄, R₁₅, R₁₆, R₁₇, and R₁₈ taken independently are selected from hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the compound of Formula I is myricitrin, and

wherein the compound of Formula II is dihydro-myricetin.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the compound of formula II is in a racemic form, a mixture of diastero isomers, or an enantiomer.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the enantiomer has a structure as shown in formulae IIa, IIb, IIc and IId:

in which;

R₁, R₂, and R₁₂ taken independently are selected from absence, hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule;

R₃, R₄, R₅, R₆, R₇, R₈, R₉, R₁₀, R₁₁, R₁₃ and R₂₀ taken independently are selected from hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule;

Z₁, Z₂ and Z₃ taken independently are oxygen (O), sulphur (S), or NH;

Z₁ and R₁ taken together are a moiety of formula III;

where

R₁₄, R₁₅, R₁₆, R₁₇, R₁₈ and R₁₉ taken independently are selected from hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule; and

Z₄ is oxygen (O), sulphur (S), or NH.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein the compound of formula II is a compound of formula IIe:

in which R₁ is selected from hydrogen, halo, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, heterocyclic, alkenyl alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkynyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, phenoxy, substituted phenoxy, aroxy, substituted aroxy, thiol, alkylthio, substituted alkylthio, phenylthio, substituted phenylthio, arylthio, substituted arylthio, cyano, isocyano, substituted isocyano, carbonyl, substituted carbonyl, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, amino, substituted amino, amido, substituted amido, fulfonyl, substituted sulfonyl, polyaryl, substituted polyaryl, C1-C20 cyclic, substituted C1-C20 cyclic, heterocyclic, substituted heterocyclic, amino acid, peptide, polyether, polyester, polypeptide, protein, polyphosphazene, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyalkylene, a bioactive agent, or a drug molecule.

12. The method of claim 6, further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

14. The method of claim 6, further comprising an agent selected from the group consisting of antiviral agent, antibiotics, anti-depression agent, anti-cancer agents, immunosuppressant, anti-fungal, and a combination thereof.

16. The method of claim 12, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is a carrier suitable for oral delivery, parenteral delivery, topical delivery, mucosal delivery, intradermal delivery, intravenous injection, subcutaneous injection, intramedullary injection, administration by inhalation, and intranasal delivery.

18. The method of claim 16 in a dosage form selected from the group consisting of a solution, a suspension, a syrup, a tablet, a capsule, microparticles, an ointment, a cream, and a lozenge.