DEVICE WITH 3D ARRAY OF STEERING COILS

• US 20090264736A1
• Filed: 04/15/2009
• Published: 10/22/2009
• Est. Priority Date: 04/18/2008
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Case Western Reserve University
• Original Assignee: Case Western Reserve University
• Inventors: Gudino, Natalia, GRISWOLD, Mark A., Heilman, Jeremiah A.
• Application Number:
  US12/423,971
• Publication Number:
  US 20090264736A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 600/423
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/374 NMR or MRI
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/055 involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/0127 Magnetic means; Magnetic markers
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/285 Invasive instruments, e.g. catheters or biopsy needles, specially adapted for tracking, guiding or visualization by NMR

Abstract

Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with remotely controlling a catheter configured with a 3D array of steering coils are described. One example magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) apparatus may include logic to remotely control a catheter. The 3D array of coils may include, for example, one axial coil and two side coils. The MRI apparatus may independently control current provided to members of the 3D array of coils. The MRI apparatus may also selectively produce different pulse sequences to mitigate and/or take advantage of signal voids present in an acquired image due to susceptibility effects from a field(s) generated by a member(s) of the 3D array of coils. Independently controlling the current provided to the 3D array of coils facilitates bending the catheter in a desired position as a result of a magnetic torque associated with a magnetic moment induced in a member of the 3D array of coils.

Claims

1. A computer-implemented method, comprising:

determining one or more of, a current amount, and a current polarity, for a current to be provided to at least one member of a three dimensional (3D) array of steering coils coupled to a catheter positioned in a magnetic field produced by an MRI apparatus,

where the current amount and the current polarity are configured to produce a magnetic torque sufficient to bend the catheter in a desired direction and in a desired amount, where the magnetic torque is a result of a magnetic moment induced in the at least one member of the 3D array of steering coils as a function of an interaction between the magnetic field produced by the MRI apparatus and the total magnetic moment; and

controlling a current provider to provide the current having the current amount and current polarity to the at least one member of the 3D array of steering coils.

2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, where the current amount and the current polarity are determined as a function of a desired navigational movement of the catheter during an endovascular procedure.

3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, comprising:

controlling the MRI apparatus to acquire a first image in the region of the catheter while the current provider is providing current to at least one member of the 3D array of steering coils.

4. The computer-implemented method of claim 3, comprising:

controlling the MRI apparatus to acquire a second image in the region of the catheter while the current provider is not providing current to any member of the 3D array of steering coils; and

passively tracking the catheter based, at least in part, on the first image and the second image.

5. The computer-implemented method of claim 4, where controlling the MRI apparatus comprises selectively controlling the MRI apparatus to produce a pulse sequence that does not include slice select rewinding gradients.

6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, comprising:

measuring a set of deflection angles associated with an inclination angle of the catheter with respect to the magnetic field produced by the MRI apparatus;

identifying a selected member of the 3D array of steering coils to be provided with a current based, at least in part, on a subset of the set of deflection angles; and

identifying the current amount and the current polarity for the current to be provided to the selected member of a 3D array of steering coils based, at least in part, on a subset of the set of deflection angles.

7. An apparatus, comprising:

a flexible housing configured to be bendable in three or more directions when located in a magnetic field;

a three dimensional array of elements coupled to the flexible housing, where members of the three dimensional array of elements are configured to be controlled individually with respect to current applied to the members, and where members of the three dimensional array of elements are configured to produce a magnetic torque sufficient to bend the flexible housing when supplied with a current while the apparatus is positioned in the magnetic field.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, the flexible housing being a catheter configured for use in an endovascular procedure, the magnetic field being generated by an MRI apparatus configured to acquire an image of the catheter during the endovascular procedure.

9. The apparatus of claim 7, the three dimensional array of elements being a three dimensional array of coils.

10. The apparatus of claim 8, the three dimensional array of elements being a three dimensional array of coils that includes at least two axial coils.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, where the three dimensional array of elements includes at least one side coil.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, where the at least one side coil is a square side coil.

13. The apparatus of claim 9, where the three dimensional array of elements includes two side coils and an axial coil.

14. The apparatus of claim 7, comprising:

a fiber optic element coupled to the housing, the fiber optic element being configured to provide a fiber optic image of an item in the region of the housing.

15. The apparatus of claim 7, comprising:

a laser ablation element coupled to the housing, the laser ablation element being configured to ablate an item in the region of the housing.

16. The apparatus of claim 7, comprising:

a current source coupled to the housing and to the three dimensional array of elements, the current source being configured to provide current to members of the three dimensional array of elements.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, the current source being a conductor configured to be connected to an external current provider.

18. The apparatus of claim 16, the current source being configured to have a current induced in the current source as the result of being exposed to radio-frequency (RF) energy.

19. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) apparatus, comprising:

means for reshaping a catheter configured with a 3D array of steering coils by selectively providing current to at least one member of the 3D array of steering coils.

20. The MRI apparatus of claim 19, comprising:

means for acquiring a first image of a region associated with the catheter while current is provided to at least one member of the 3D array of steering coils; and

means for acquiring a second image of a region associated with the catheter while no current is provided to any member of the 3D array of steering coils.

21. The MRI apparatus of claim 20, comprising:

means for passively tracking the catheter based, at least in part, on one or more of, the first image, and the second image.

22. A catheter, comprising:

an elongated body; and

a set of coils coupled to the elongated body on one side of a joint, the set of coils being configured to respond to a magnetic field by producing a relative motion of the elongated body about the joint.