High Gradient Multilayer Vacuum Insulator
First Claim
1. A high gradient multilayer vacuum insulator comprising:
- a plurality of conductive and dielectric layers stacked in alternating arrangement so that the edges of said layers together form a vacuum-insulator interface and the stack has an overall length LS, wherein said dielectric layers each have a thickness I that is less than It where It is the transitional dielectric layer thickness below which failure of the vacuum insulator is by vacuum arcing, EBD is the breakdown field required to initiate vacuum arcing across one of said dielectric layers, and EM is the breakdown field required to initiate surface flashover across a monolithic dielectric material of length LS.
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Abstract
A high gradient multilayer vacuum insulator (HGI) with increased resistance to vacuum arcing to improve electrical strength. In an exemplary embodiment, the HGI includes a plurality of conductive and dielectric layers stacked in alternating arrangement so that the edges of the layers together form a vacuum-insulator interface and the stack has an overall length LS. The dielectric layers each have a thickness I that is less than It
where It is the transitional dielectric layer thickness below which failure of the vacuum insulator is by vacuum arcing, EBD is the breakdown field required to initiate vacuum arcing across one of said dielectric layers, and EM is the breakdown field required to initiate surface flashover across a monolithic dielectric material of length LS.
14 Citations
16 Claims
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1. A high gradient multilayer vacuum insulator comprising:
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a plurality of conductive and dielectric layers stacked in alternating arrangement so that the edges of said layers together form a vacuum-insulator interface and the stack has an overall length LS, wherein said dielectric layers each have a thickness I that is less than It where It is the transitional dielectric layer thickness below which failure of the vacuum insulator is by vacuum arcing, EBD is the breakdown field required to initiate vacuum arcing across one of said dielectric layers, and EM is the breakdown field required to initiate surface flashover across a monolithic dielectric material of length LS. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. A high gradient multilayer vacuum insulator comprising:
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a plurality of conductive-material-coated dielectric layers stacked in alternating conductive-dielectric arrangement so that the edges of said layers together form a vacuum-insulator interface and the stack has an overall length LS, wherein the dielectric sections of said conductive-material-coated dielectric layers each have a thickness I that is less than It where It is the transitional dielectric layer thickness below which failure of the vacuum insulator is by vacuum arcing, EBD is the breakdown field required to initiate vacuum arcing across one of said dielectric layers, and EM, is the breakdown field required to initiate surface flashover across a monolithic dielectric material of length LS. - View Dependent Claims (10)
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11. A high gradient multilayer vacuum insulator comprising:
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a plurality of semi-conductor and dielectric layers characterized by a lower relative permittivity and a higher relative permittivity, respectively, and stacked in alternating arrangement so that the edges of said layers together form a vacuum-insulator interface and the stack has an overall length LS, wherein the dielectric layers each have a thickness I that is less than It where It is the transitional dielectric layer thickness below which failure of the vacuum insulator is by vacuum arcing, EBD is the breakdown field required to initiate vacuum arcing across one of said dielectric layers, and EM is the breakdown field required to initiate surface flashover across a monolithic dielectric material of length LS.
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12. A high gradient multilayer vacuum insulator comprising:
a plurality of dielectric layers characterized by one of a lower relative permittivity and a higher relative permittivity and stacked in alternating arrangement so that the edges of said layers together form a vacuum-insulator interface.
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13. A high gradient multi layer vacuum insulator comprising:
a dielectric cylinder having a curvilinear side surface which is a vacuum-insulator interface with grooves formed thereon in a direction substantially parallel to the cylinder ends to produce alternating grooves and lands with the lands having a higher relative permittivity than the space within the grooves. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15)
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16. A high gradient multilayer vacuum insulator comprising:
a plurality of dielectric layers in stacked arrangement so that the edges of said layers together form a vacuum-insulator interface and outer edge surfaces of a first set of alternating layers are recessed from outer edge surfaces of a second set of alternating layers.
Specification