METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CAPTURING CARBON DIOXIDE FROM BIOMASS PYROLYSIS PROCESS
First Claim
1. A method for capturing carbon dioxide from the combustion of char produced in biomass pyrolysis, the method comprising the steps of:
- (a) pyrolyzing biomass in a pyrolysis reactor in the presence of heat energy carrier particles including metal oxide sorbents to produce char, pyrolysis oil vapors and metal oxide sorbents;
(b) separating the pyrolysis oil vapors from the char and heat energy carrier particles and transferring the char and heat energy carrier particles to a char combustor;
(c) combusting the char in the char combustor in the presence of oxidized metal oxide sorbents and producing a flue gas stream of carbon dioxide and water vapor and a stream of heat energy carrier particles including reduced metal oxide sorbents;
(d) separating the flue gas stream from the stream of heat energy carrier particles including the reduced metal oxide sorbents;
(e) separating the flue gas stream into carbon dioxide and water vapor and capturing a stream of carbon dioxide;
(f) oxidizing a first portion of the stream of heat energy carrier particles including reduced metal oxide sorbents received from the char combustor in an oxidation reactor in the presence of air to produce a regenerated stream of heat energy carrier particles including oxidized metal oxide sorbents to be used in step (c); and
(g) recycling to the pyrolysis reactor of step (a) a second portion of the stream of heat energy carrier particles including reduced metal oxide sorbents.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A system and method for biomass pyrolysis utilizing chemical looping combustion of a produced char to capture carbon dioxide is disclosed. The system includes a biomass pyrolysis reactor, a char combustor, and oxidation reactor and a separator for separating carbon dioxide from flue gas produced by the char combustion. The pyrolysis reactor pyrolyzes biomass in the presence of reduced metal oxide sorbents producing char and pyrolysis oil vapor. The char is separated and combusted in the char combustor, in the presence of oxidized metal oxide sorbents, into a gaseous stream of carbon dioxide and water vapor. The carbon dioxide and water are separated so that a stream of carbon dioxide may be captured. The oxidation reactor oxidizes, in the presence of air, a portion of reduced metal oxide sorbents into oxidized metal oxide sorbents that are looped back to the char combustor to provide oxygen for combustion. A second portion of the reduced metal oxide sorbents is recycled from the char combustor to the pyrolysis reactor to provide heat to drive the pyrolysis. Pyrolysis oil upgrading catalyst particles may be used in addition to the metal oxide sorbents as heat energy carrier particles to improve the quality of the pyrolysis oil vapors produced in the pyrolysis reactor. Also, the metal oxide sorbents may have metals incorporated therein which serve to upgrade the pyrolysis vapors produced during pyrolysis. Non-limiting examples of such metals include Ni, Mo, Co, Cr, W, Rh, Ir, Re, and Ru.
76 Citations
18 Claims
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1. A method for capturing carbon dioxide from the combustion of char produced in biomass pyrolysis, the method comprising the steps of:
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(a) pyrolyzing biomass in a pyrolysis reactor in the presence of heat energy carrier particles including metal oxide sorbents to produce char, pyrolysis oil vapors and metal oxide sorbents; (b) separating the pyrolysis oil vapors from the char and heat energy carrier particles and transferring the char and heat energy carrier particles to a char combustor; (c) combusting the char in the char combustor in the presence of oxidized metal oxide sorbents and producing a flue gas stream of carbon dioxide and water vapor and a stream of heat energy carrier particles including reduced metal oxide sorbents; (d) separating the flue gas stream from the stream of heat energy carrier particles including the reduced metal oxide sorbents; (e) separating the flue gas stream into carbon dioxide and water vapor and capturing a stream of carbon dioxide; (f) oxidizing a first portion of the stream of heat energy carrier particles including reduced metal oxide sorbents received from the char combustor in an oxidation reactor in the presence of air to produce a regenerated stream of heat energy carrier particles including oxidized metal oxide sorbents to be used in step (c); and (g) recycling to the pyrolysis reactor of step (a) a second portion of the stream of heat energy carrier particles including reduced metal oxide sorbents. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. A system for capturing carbon dioxide from the combustion of char produced in biomass pyrolysis, the system comprising:
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(a) a pyrolysis reactor which utilizes heat energy carrying particles including metal oxide sorbents to heat and pyrolyze a biomass producing a stream of pyrolysis oil vapors and other off gases, and char and the heat energy carrying particles including the metal oxide sorbents; (b) a char combustor for receiving char and the heat energy carrying particles from the pyrolysis reactor and for combusting the char with oxygen received from oxidized metal oxide sorbents to produce a flue gas stream containing carbon dioxide and water vapor and a stream of heat energy carrying particles including reduced metal oxide sorbents; (c) a separator for separating carbon dioxide from the water vapor to produce a stream of carbon dioxide to be sequestered; (d) an oxidation reactor for oxidizing, in the presence of air, a first portion of the stream of heat energy carrying particles including the reduced metal oxide sorbents received from the char combustor to produce the stream of heat energy carrying particles including oxidized metal oxide sorbents used in the char combustor for combusting the char; wherein a second portion of the stream of heat energy carrying particles including the reduced metal oxide sorbents from the char combustor is recycled to the pyrolysis reactor to provide heat for the pyrolysis of biomass. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)
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Specification