BATTERY DESIGNS WITH HIGH CAPACITY ANODE MATERIALS AND CATHODE MATERIALS
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A lithium ion battery comprising:
- an electrode stack comprising a plurality of positive electrode elements, a plurality of negative electrode elements, a separator material separating an adjacent positive electrode element and negative electrode element and a current collector associated with each electrode element, at least one positive electrode element and one negative electrode element comprising an electrode structure coated onto both sides of the respective current collector;
an enclosure; and
electrolyte comprising lithium ions,wherein each positive electrode has an active material comprising a lithium rich metal oxide, the active material having a specific discharge capacity of at least about 195 mAh/g at C/3 discharged from 4.6 V to 2V against lithium and having a loading from about 13 mg/cm2 to about 35 mg/cm2 on one side of the current collector and a density from about 2.5 g/cc to about 3 g/cc,wherein each negative electrode has an active material comprising a silicon based material, the active material having a specific discharge capacity of at least about 700 mAh/g at C/3 discharged from 1.5V to 5 mV against lithium and having a loading from about 2 mg/cm2 to about 6 mg/cm2 on one side of the current collector and a density from about 0.2 g/cc to about 1.5 g/cc.
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Abstract
Improved high energy capacity designs for lithium ion batteries are described that take advantage of the properties of high specific capacity anode active compositions and high specific capacity cathode active compositions. In particular, specific electrode designs provide for achieving very high energy densities. Furthermore, the complex behavior of the active materials is used advantageously in a radical electrode balancing design that significantly reduced wasted electrode capacity in either electrode when cycling under realistic conditions of moderate to high discharge rates and/or over a reduced depth of discharge.
46 Citations
21 Claims
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1. A lithium ion battery comprising:
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an electrode stack comprising a plurality of positive electrode elements, a plurality of negative electrode elements, a separator material separating an adjacent positive electrode element and negative electrode element and a current collector associated with each electrode element, at least one positive electrode element and one negative electrode element comprising an electrode structure coated onto both sides of the respective current collector; an enclosure; and electrolyte comprising lithium ions, wherein each positive electrode has an active material comprising a lithium rich metal oxide, the active material having a specific discharge capacity of at least about 195 mAh/g at C/3 discharged from 4.6 V to 2V against lithium and having a loading from about 13 mg/cm2 to about 35 mg/cm2 on one side of the current collector and a density from about 2.5 g/cc to about 3 g/cc, wherein each negative electrode has an active material comprising a silicon based material, the active material having a specific discharge capacity of at least about 700 mAh/g at C/3 discharged from 1.5V to 5 mV against lithium and having a loading from about 2 mg/cm2 to about 6 mg/cm2 on one side of the current collector and a density from about 0.2 g/cc to about 1.5 g/cc. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. A lithium ion battery comprising:
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an electrode stack comprising; 3-50 positive electrode elements each comprising a current collector and a positive electrode structure on a surface of the current collector with at least one electrode element having an electrode structure on both sides of the current collector; 3-50 negative electrode elements each comprising a current collector and a positive electrode structure on a surface of the current collector with at least one electrode element having an electrode structure on both sides of the current collector; and a separator material separating an adjacent positive electrode element and negative electrode element; an enclosure that encloses the electrode stack; and electrolyte comprising lithium ions, wherein each positive electrode has an active material comprising a lithium rich metal oxide, an area along one side from about 100 cm2 to about 400 cm2, a loading from about 13 mg/cm2 to about 35 mg/cm2 one side of the respective current collector and a density from about 2.5 g/cc to about 3 g/cc, and wherein each negative electrode comprises a silicon based active material, a loading from about 3 mg/cm2 to about 6 mg/cm2 on one side of the respective current collector and a density from about 0.8 g/cc to about 1.2 g/cc, the battery having an energy density from about 250 Wh/kg to about 550 Wh/kg. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
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Specification