Battery designs with high capacity anode materials and cathode materials
First Claim
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1. A lithium ion battery comprising:
- an electrode stack comprising;
3-50 positive electrode elements each comprising a current collector and a positive electrode structure on a surface of the current collector with at least one electrode element having an electrode structure on both sides of the current collector;
3-50 negative electrode elements each comprising a current collector and a positive electrode structure on a surface of the current collector with at least one electrode element having an electrode structure on both sides of the current collector;
and a separator material separating an adjacent positive electrode element and negative electrode element;
an enclosure that encloses the electrode stack; and
electrolyte comprising lithium ions,wherein each positive electrode has an active material comprising a lithium rich metal oxide, an area along one side from about 100 cm2 to about 400 cm2 and a loading from about 13 mg/cm2 to about 35 mg/cm2 on one side of the respective current collector and wherein each negative electrode comprises from about 75 wt % to about 96 wt % of a silicon based active material, from about 1 wt % to about 15 wt % carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, nanostructured carbon, graphene or combinations thereof as a distinct conductive additive and a polymer binder supporting the silicon based active material and conductive additive, having a loading from about 3 mg/cm2 to about 6 mg/cm2 on one side of the respective current collector and a density in the negative electrode from 0.825 g/cc to about 1.2 g/cc, and wherein the battery exhibits a discharge capacity at the 100th cycle that is at least about 90% of the 6th cycle capacity when discharged at a rate of C/3 from 4.5V to 1.5V, the battery having an energy density from about 290 Wh/kg to about 550 Wh/kg discharged at a rate of C/10 from 4.6V to 1.5V.
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Abstract
Improved high energy capacity designs for lithium ion batteries are described that take advantage of the properties of high specific capacity anode active compositions and high specific capacity cathode active compositions. In particular, specific electrode designs provide for achieving very high energy densities. Furthermore, the complex behavior of the active materials is used advantageously in a radical electrode balancing design that significantly reduced wasted electrode capacity in either electrode when cycling under realistic conditions of moderate to high discharge rates and/or over a reduced depth of discharge.
248 Citations
13 Claims
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1. A lithium ion battery comprising:
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an electrode stack comprising; 3-50 positive electrode elements each comprising a current collector and a positive electrode structure on a surface of the current collector with at least one electrode element having an electrode structure on both sides of the current collector; 3-50 negative electrode elements each comprising a current collector and a positive electrode structure on a surface of the current collector with at least one electrode element having an electrode structure on both sides of the current collector; and a separator material separating an adjacent positive electrode element and negative electrode element; an enclosure that encloses the electrode stack; and electrolyte comprising lithium ions, wherein each positive electrode has an active material comprising a lithium rich metal oxide, an area along one side from about 100 cm2 to about 400 cm2 and a loading from about 13 mg/cm2 to about 35 mg/cm2 on one side of the respective current collector and wherein each negative electrode comprises from about 75 wt % to about 96 wt % of a silicon based active material, from about 1 wt % to about 15 wt % carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, nanostructured carbon, graphene or combinations thereof as a distinct conductive additive and a polymer binder supporting the silicon based active material and conductive additive, having a loading from about 3 mg/cm2 to about 6 mg/cm2 on one side of the respective current collector and a density in the negative electrode from 0.825 g/cc to about 1.2 g/cc, and wherein the battery exhibits a discharge capacity at the 100th cycle that is at least about 90% of the 6th cycle capacity when discharged at a rate of C/3 from 4.5V to 1.5V, the battery having an energy density from about 290 Wh/kg to about 550 Wh/kg discharged at a rate of C/10 from 4.6V to 1.5V. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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Specification