Methods and Systems for Bidirectional Charging of Electrical Devices Via an Electrical System
First Claim
1. A method comprising:
- determining, based on at least a respective amount of projected degradation in a given time period of each electrical device from a set of electrical devices, a respective first power draw of each electrical device for the given time period, wherein each electrical device is coupled to an electrical system;
receiving, from an electrical system operator, a regulation-variance value that indicates a variation from a scheduled power consumption of the electrical system;
determining a second power draw for a given electrical device from the set of electrical devices based on at least the determined respective first power draw for each electrical device and the received regulation-variance value; and
transmitting to the given electrical device a power-draw message indicating the determined second power draw.
1 Assignment
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Accused Products
Abstract
Disclosed herein are methods, systems, and devices that may be implemented by an energy aggregator to control, or regulate, the electric load placed on an electric grid by an aggregation of electrical devices, such as electric vehicles. Generally, the disclosed methods and systems may provide for the bidirectional modulation of the power draw of each electric vehicle around a first power draw, or scheduled power draw. Further, the disclosed methods and systems provide for the determination of a desirable scheduled power draw for a given electric vehicle. In one example, the scheduled power draw may be determined based on, among other things, a respective amount of projected degradation in a given time period of each electrical device from a set of electrical devices. In another example, the scheduled power draw may be determined based on, among other considerations, a maximization of the profit derived by the energy aggregator for both providing power to an aggregation of electric vehicles and for providing a regulation function to the electrical grid (at the request, for example, of an electrical-system operator).
10 Citations
34 Claims
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1. A method comprising:
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determining, based on at least a respective amount of projected degradation in a given time period of each electrical device from a set of electrical devices, a respective first power draw of each electrical device for the given time period, wherein each electrical device is coupled to an electrical system; receiving, from an electrical system operator, a regulation-variance value that indicates a variation from a scheduled power consumption of the electrical system; determining a second power draw for a given electrical device from the set of electrical devices based on at least the determined respective first power draw for each electrical device and the received regulation-variance value; and transmitting to the given electrical device a power-draw message indicating the determined second power draw. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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2. The method of claim 1, wherein the respective first power draw is a respective scheduled power draw of each electrical device.
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3. The method of claim 1, wherein the second power draw is a dispatched power draw of the given electrical device.
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4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining, based on at least the respective amount of projected degradation in the given time period of each electrical device from the set of electrical devices, the respective first power draw of each electrical device for the given time period, comprises:
maximizing an energy-aggregator profit based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and the amount of projected degradation in the given time period of each electrical device.
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5. The method of claim 4, wherein maximizing the energy-aggregator profit based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and the amount of projected degradation in the given time period of each electrical device, comprises:
maximizing the energy-aggregator profit based on (i) the respective first power draw for each electrical device, (ii) the respective amount of projected degradation in the given time period of each electrical device, (iii) a respective maximum additional power draw for each electrical device, (iv) a respective minimum additional power draw for each electrical device, and (v) a respective reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for each electrical device.
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6. The method of claim 4, wherein the energy-aggregator profit is defined by at least one of an income of the energy aggregator and a cost to the energy aggregator, and wherein maximizing the energy-aggregator profit based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and the amount of projected degradation in the given time period of each electrical device, comprises:
maximizing the energy-aggregator profit subject to a set of conditions, the set of conditions defined by at least (a) the respective first power draw of each electrical device, (b) the amount of projected degradation in the given time period of each electrical device, and (c) a respective efficiency of each electrical device.
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7. The method of claim 5, wherein the energy-aggregator profit is defined by at least the income of the energy aggregator, and wherein the income of the energy aggregator is determined based on at least a regulation-service income and an energy-supply-service income.
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8. The method of claim 5, wherein the energy-aggregator profit is defined by at least the cost to the energy aggregator, and the cost to the energy aggregator is determined based on at least (a) a respective expected value of the final power draw of each electrical device, (b) a cost of energy, (c) a respective projected degradation cost of each electrical device, and (d) a respective efficiency of each electrical device.
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9. The method of claim 1, wherein the set of conditions is further defined by at least (a) a respective expected value of the final power draw of each electrical device, (b) a respective projected degradation cost of each electrical device, (c) a respective initial state of charge of each electrical device, (d) a reduction in a state of charge associated with a trip, (e) a respective maximum additional power draw for each electrical device, (f) a respective minimum additional power draw for each electrical device, (g) a respective reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for each electrical device, (h) a respective maximum charge capacity of each electrical device, (i) a respective maximum possible power draw of each electrical device, (j) a maximum day-ahead forecasted net load of the electrical system, (k) a minimum day-ahead forecasted net load of the electrical system, and (l) an actual net load of the electrical system.
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10. The method of claim 1, wherein the regulation-variance value is at least one of (i) an electrical-system-regulation value and (ii) a responsive-reserve-regulation value.
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11. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the electrical-system-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the electrical-system-regulation value does not exceed a system-regulation-value threshold; determining that (a) a first regulation value is less than a second regulation value and (b) that a third regulation value is greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-down capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-up capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the first regulation value.
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12. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the electrical-system-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the electrical-system-regulation value does not exceed a system-regulation-value threshold; determining either that (a) a first regulation value is not less than a second regulation value or (b) that a third regulation value is not greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-down capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-up capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) the maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device; determining that a fourth regulation value is greater than or equal to zero, wherein the fourth regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) the regulation-down capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) the maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus the state of charge of the given electrical device; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the second regulation value.
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13. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the electrical-system-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the electrical-system-regulation value does not exceed a system-regulation-value threshold; determining either that (a) a first regulation value is not less than a second regulation value or (b) that a third regulation value is not greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-down capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-up capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) the maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device; determining that a fourth regulation value is not greater than or equal to zero, wherein the fourth regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) the regulation-down capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) the maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus the state of charge of the given electrical device; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the inverse of the state of charge of the given electrical device multiplied by the charging efficiency of the given electrical device.
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14. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the electrical-system-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the electrical-system-regulation value exceeds a system-regulation-value threshold; determining that (a) a first regulation value is less than a second regulation value and (b) that a third regulation value is greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-up capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a minimum additional power draw of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-up capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) minimum additional power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the first regulation value.
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15. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the electrical-system-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the electrical-system-regulation value exceeds a system-regulation-value threshold; determining either that (a) a first regulation value is not less than a second regulation value or (b) that a third regulation value is not greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-up capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a minimum additional power draw of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-up capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) minimum additional power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device; and determining that the third regulation value is greater than or equal to zero; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the second regulation value.
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16. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the electrical-system-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the electrical-system-regulation value exceeds a system-regulation-value threshold; determining either that (a) a first regulation value is not less than a second regulation value or (b) that a third regulation value is not greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-down capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-up capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) the maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device; determining that the third regulation value is less than zero; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the inverse of the state of charge of the given electrical device multiplied by the charging efficiency of the given electrical device.
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17. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the responsive-reserve-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the responsive-reserve-regulation value exceeds a responsive-reserve-regulation-value threshold; determining (a) that a first regulation value is less than a second regulation value and (b) that a third regulation value is greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the responsive-reserve-regulation value and (b) a responsive-reserve capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for the given electrical device, plus the current power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the responsive-reserve-regulation value and (b) a responsive-reserve capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the first regulation value.
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18. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the responsive-reserve-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the responsive-reserve-regulation value exceeds a responsive-reserve-regulation-value threshold; determining either (a) that a first regulation value is not less than a second regulation value or (b) that a third regulation value is not greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the responsive-reserve-regulation value and (b) a responsive-reserve capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for the given electrical device, plus the current power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the responsive-reserve-regulation value and (b) a responsive-reserve capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device; determining that a fourth regulation value is greater than or equal to zero, wherein the fourth regulation value is a ratio of (a) the responsive-reserve-regulation value and (b) the responsive-reserve capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) the reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus the state of charge of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the second regulation value.
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19. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the responsive-reserve-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the responsive-reserve-regulation value exceeds a responsive-reserve-regulation-value threshold; determining either (a) that a first regulation value is not less than a second regulation value or (b) that a third regulation value is not greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the responsive-reserve-regulation value and (b) a responsive-reserve capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for the given electrical device, plus the current power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the responsive-reserve-regulation value and (b) a responsive-reserve capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device; determining that a fourth regulation value is not greater than or equal to zero, wherein the fourth regulation value is a ratio of (a) the responsive-reserve-regulation value and (b) the responsive-reserve capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) the reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus the state of charge of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the inverse of the state of charge of the given electrical device multiplied by the charging efficiency of the given electrical device.
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2. The method of claim 1, wherein the respective first power draw is a respective scheduled power draw of each electrical device.
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20. A computing device comprising:
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a non-transitory computer readable medium; and program instructions stored on the non-transitory computer readable medium and executable by at least one processor to cause the computing device to; determine, based on at least a respective amount of projected degradation in a given time period of each electrical device from a set of electrical devices, a respective first power draw of each electrical device for the given time period, wherein each electrical device is coupled to an electrical system; receive, from an electrical system operator, a regulation-variance value that indicates a variation from a scheduled power consumption of the electrical system; determine a second power draw for a given electrical device from the set of electrical devices based on at least the determined respective first power draw for each electrical device and the received regulation-variance value; and transmit to the given electrical device a power-draw message indicating the determined second power draw. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33)
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21. The computing device of claim 20, wherein determining, based on at least the respective amount of projected degradation in the given time period of each electrical device from the set of electrical devices, the respective first power draw of each electrical device for the given time period, comprises:
maximizing an energy-aggregator profit based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and the amount of projected degradation in the given time period of each electrical device.
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22. The computing device of claim 21, wherein maximizing the energy-aggregator profit based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and the amount of projected degradation in the given time period of each electrical device, comprises:
maximizing the energy-aggregator profit subject to a set of conditions, the set of conditions defined by at least (a) the respective first power draw of each electrical device, (b) the amount of projected degradation in the given time period of each electrical device, and (c) a respective efficiency of each electrical device.
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23. The computing device of claim 22, wherein the set of conditions is further defined by at least (a) a respective expected final power draw of each electrical device, (b) a respective projected degradation cost of each electrical device, (c) a respective initial state of charge of each electrical device, (d) a reduction in a state of charge associated with a trip, (e) a respective maximum additional power draw for each electrical device, (f) a respective minimum additional power draw for each electrical device, (g) a respective reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for each electrical device, (h) a respective maximum charge capacity of each electrical device, (i) a respective maximum possible power draw of each electrical device, (j) a maximum day-ahead forecasted net load of the electrical system, (k) a minimum day-ahead forecasted net load of the electrical system, and (l) an actual net load of the electrical system.
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24. The computing device of claim 20, wherein the regulation-variance value is at least one of (i) an electrical-system-regulation value and (ii) a responsive-reserve-regulation value.
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25. The computing device of claim 24, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the electrical-system-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the electrical-system-regulation value does not exceed a system-regulation-value threshold; determining that (a) a first regulation value is less than a second regulation value and (b) that a third regulation value is greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-down capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-up capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the first regulation value.
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26. The computing device of claim 24, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the electrical-system-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the electrical-system-regulation value does not exceed a system-regulation-value threshold; determining either that (a) a first regulation value is not less than a second regulation value or (b) that a third regulation value is not greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-down capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-up capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) the maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device; determining that a fourth regulation value is greater than or equal to zero, wherein the fourth regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) the regulation-down capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) the maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus the state of charge of the given electrical device; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the second regulation value.
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27. The computing device of claim 24, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the electrical-system-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the electrical-system-regulation value does not exceed a system-regulation-value threshold; determining either that (a) a first regulation value is not less than a second regulation value or (b) that a third regulation value is not greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-down capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-up capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) the maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device; determining that a fourth regulation value is not greater than or equal to zero, wherein the fourth regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) the regulation-down capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) the maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus the state of charge of the given electrical device; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the inverse of the state of charge of the given electrical device multiplied by the charging efficiency of the given electrical device.
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28. The computing device of claim 24, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the electrical-system-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the electrical-system-regulation value exceeds a system-regulation-value threshold; determining that (a) a first regulation value is less than a second regulation value and (b) that a third regulation value is greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-up capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a minimum additional power draw of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-up capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) minimum additional power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the first regulation value.
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29. The computing device of claim 24, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the electrical-system-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the electrical-system-regulation value exceeds a system-regulation-value threshold; determining either that (a) a first regulation value is not less than a second regulation value or (b) that a third regulation value is not greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-up capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a minimum additional power draw of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-up capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) minimum additional power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device; and determining that the third regulation value is greater than or equal to zero; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the second regulation value.
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30. The computing device of claim 24, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the electrical-system-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the electrical-system-regulation value exceeds a system-regulation-value threshold; determining either that (a) a first regulation value is not less than a second regulation value or (b) that a third regulation value is not greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-down capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the system-regulation value and (b) a regulation-up capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) the maximum additional power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device; determining that the third regulation value is less than zero; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the inverse of the state of charge of the given electrical device multiplied by the charging efficiency of the given electrical device.
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31. The computing device of claim 24, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the responsive-reserve-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the responsive-reserve-regulation value exceeds a responsive-reserve-regulation-value threshold; determining (a) that a first regulation value is less than a second regulation value and (b) that a third regulation value is greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the responsive-reserve-regulation value and (b) a responsive-reserve capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for the given electrical device, plus the current power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the responsive-reserve-regulation value and (b) a responsive-reserve capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the first regulation value.
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32. The computing device of claim 24, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the responsive-reserve-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the responsive-reserve-regulation value exceeds a responsive-reserve-regulation-value threshold; determining either (a) that a first regulation value is not less than a second regulation value or (b) that a third regulation value is not greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the responsive-reserve-regulation value and (b) a responsive-reserve capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for the given electrical device, plus the current power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the responsive-reserve-regulation value and (b) a responsive-reserve capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device; determining that a fourth regulation value is greater than or equal to zero, wherein the fourth regulation value is a ratio of (a) the responsive-reserve-regulation value and (b) the responsive-reserve capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) the reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus the state of charge of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the second regulation value.
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33. The computing device of claim 24, wherein determining the second power draw comprises an energy aggregator determining the second power draw based on at least the respective first power draw for each electrical device and at least the responsive-reserve-regulation value, and wherein the energy aggregator determining the second power draw comprises:
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determining that the responsive-reserve-regulation value exceeds a responsive-reserve-regulation-value threshold; determining either (a) that a first regulation value is not less than a second regulation value or (b) that a third regulation value is not greater than or equal to zero, wherein the first regulation value is a ratio of (a) the responsive-reserve-regulation value and (b) a responsive-reserve capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for the given electrical device, plus the current power draw of the given electrical device, wherein the second regulation value is a ratio of (a) a charge remaining to be supplied to the given electrical device and (b) a charging efficiency of the given electrical device, and wherein the third regulation value is a ratio of (a) the responsive-reserve-regulation value and (b) a responsive-reserve capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for the given electrical device, plus a state of charge of the given electrical device, plus the first power draw of the given electrical device; determining that a fourth regulation value is not greater than or equal to zero, wherein the fourth regulation value is a ratio of (a) the responsive-reserve-regulation value and (b) the responsive-reserve capacity of the energy aggregator, multiplied by a ratio of (a) the reduction in power draw available for spinning reserves for the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device, plus the state of charge of the given electrical device, plus a ratio of (a) the first power draw of the given electrical device and (b) the charging efficiency of the given electrical device; and determining that the second power draw is equal to the inverse of the state of charge of the given electrical device multiplied by the charging efficiency of the given electrical device.
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21. The computing device of claim 20, wherein determining, based on at least the respective amount of projected degradation in the given time period of each electrical device from the set of electrical devices, the respective first power draw of each electrical device for the given time period, comprises:
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34. A physical computer-readable medium having computer executable instructions stored thereon, the instructions comprising:
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instructions for determining, based on at least a respective amount of projected degradation in a given time period of each electrical device from a set of electrical devices, a respective first power draw of each electrical device for the given time period, wherein each electrical device is coupled to an electrical system; instructions for receiving, from an electrical system operator, a regulation-variance value that indicates a variation from a scheduled power consumption of the electrical system; instructions for determining a second power draw for a given electrical device from the set of electrical devices based on at least the determined respective first power draw for each electrical device and the received regulation-variance value; and instructions for transmitting to the given electrical device a power-draw message indicating the determined second power draw.
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Specification
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Current AssigneeUniversity of Washington
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Original AssigneeUniversity of Washington
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InventorsSortomme, Eric
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Application NumberUS14/234,184Publication NumberTime in Patent OfficeDaysField of SearchUS Class Current700/291CPC Class CodesB60L 53/63 in response to network capa...B60L 53/64 Optimising energy costs, e....B60L 53/665 Methods related to measurin...B60L 55/00 Arrangements for supplying ...G06Q 10/06 Resources, workflows, human...H02J 2310/64 The condition being economi...H02J 3/003 Load forecast, e.g. methods...H02J 3/008 involving trading of energy...H02J 4/00 Circuit arrangements for ma...Y02B 70/30 Systems integrating technol...Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e....Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Tech...Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for ...Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific ch...Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stationsY02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehiclesY02T 90/16 Information or communicatio...Y02T 90/167 Systems integrating technol...Y04S 10/126 the energy generation units...Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e....Y04S 20/242 : Home appliancesY04S 30/14 : Details associated with the...Y04S 50/10 : Energy trading, including e...