Method, system, and computer program product for the detection of physical activity by changes in heart rate, assessment of fast changing metabolic states, and applications of closed and open control loop in diabetes

US 8,585,593 B2
Filed: 11/27/2007
Issued: 11/19/2013
Est. Priority Date: 11/27/2006
Status: Active Grant

First Claim

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1. A computer-implemented method for detecting physical activity of a patient and its effects on metabolic demand of the metabolic system of said patient, comprising:

detecting onset of the physical activity using changes in heart rate data of said patient; and

evaluating effects of physical activity on glucose demand of the metabolic system of said patient, wherein said evaluation is determined by the following steps;

calculating, by a processor, deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;

calculating, by a processor, a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and

calculating, by a processor, a short term change in glucose demand.

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Abstract

A method, system, and computer program product related to the detection of physical activity using changes in heart rate. The method, system, and computer program product evaluates short term glucose demand and long term insulin action due to physical activity. The method, system, and computer program product is further related to the improvement of open and closed loop control of diabetes by accounting for the metabolic changes due to physical activity. The method, system, and computer program product is directed to detecting in real time the short and long term effects of physical activity on insulin action via heart rate analysis, and recommending changes in insulin dosing to compensate for the effects of physical activity. With these recommendations, the open and closed loop control of diabetes can be improved and steps can be taken to prevent hypoglycemia that may result from increased insulin sensitivity due to physical activity.

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243 Claims

1. A computer-implemented method for detecting physical activity of a patient and its effects on metabolic demand of the metabolic system of said patient, comprising:
- detecting onset of the physical activity using changes in heart rate data of said patient; and
  
  evaluating effects of physical activity on glucose demand of the metabolic system of said patient, wherein said evaluation is determined by the following steps;
  
  calculating, by a processor, deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
  
  calculating, by a processor, a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
  
  calculating, by a processor, a short term change in glucose demand.
- View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 37)
- - 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
    - acquiring glucose data and heart rate data.
  - 3. The method of claim 2, wherein said detection of physical activity comprising:
    - transforming said heart rate data;
      
      computing an index to detect physical activity based on results of said transformation; and
      
      detecting physical activity using said index and said heart rate data.
  - 4. The method of claim 3, wherein said index is calculated as:
  - 5. The method of claim 2, wherein said heart rate data is acquired frequently.
  - 6. The method of claim 2, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 1 minute.
  - 7. The method of claim 2, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 10 minutes.
  - 8. The method of claim 2, wherein said glucose data is acquired frequently.
  - 9. The method of claim 2, wherein said glucose data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 15 minutes.
  - 10. The method of claim 1, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 11. The method of claim 1, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 12. The method of claim 1, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of short term change in glucose demand as:
  - 14. The method of claim 1, wherein said evaluation comprises:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a long term change in metabolic demand.
  - 15. The method of claim 14, wherein said effects are evaluated at least about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 16. The method of claim 14, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 17. The method of claim 14, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 18. The method of claim 14, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 19. The method of claim 14, wherein said effects are evaluated during and at least about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 20. The method of claim 14, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of long term change in insulin action:
  - 21. The method of claim 1, wherein said evaluation comprises:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a change in metabolic demand.
  - 22. The method of claim 21, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 23. The method of claim 21, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 24. The method of claim 21, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 2 hour after physical activity.
  - 25. The method of claim 21, wherein said effects are evaluated at least about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 26. The method of claim 21, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 27. The method of claim 21, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 28. The method of claim 21, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 29. The method of claim 21, wherein said effects are evaluated about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 30. The method of claim 21, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of short-term change and long-term change in glucose demand:
  - 37. The method of claim 26, wherein said index is calculated as:

31. A computer-implemented method for detecting physical activity of a patient and its effects on metabolic demand of the metabolic system of said patient, comprising:
- acquiring glucose data, insulin delivery data and heart rate data;
  
  detecting, by a processor, onset of the physical activity using changes in the heart rate data;
  
  evaluating, by a processor, changes in insulin sensitivity and glucose demand of the metabolic system of said patient due to the physical activity; and
  
  indicating, by a processor, recommendations of insulin dosing.
- View Dependent Claims (32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81)
- - 32. The method of claim 31, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs at the completion of acquiring said heart rate data.
  - 33. The method of claim 31, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs near contemporaneously to the latest acquisition of said heart rate data.
  - 34. The method of claim 31, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs after the completion of acquiring said heart rate data.
  - 35. The method of claim 31, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs in real time.
  - 36. The method of claim 31, wherein said detection of physical activity comprising:
    - transforming said heart rate data;
      
      computing an index to detect physical activity based on results of said transformation; and
      
      detecting physical activity using said index and said heart rate data.
  - 38. The method of claim 31, wherein said glucose data is continuous.
  - 39. The method of claim 31, wherein said heart rate data is acquired frequently.
  - 40. The method of claim 31, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to 1 minute.
  - 41. The method of claim 31, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 10 minutes.
  - 42. The method of claim 31, wherein said glucose data is acquired frequently.
  - 43. The method of claim 31, wherein said glucose data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to 15 minutes.
  - 44. The method of claim 31, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs about 24 hours of acquisition of said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 45. The method of claim 31, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs within about 12 hours of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin said delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 46. The method of claim 31, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs within about 6 hours of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 47. The method of claim 31, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs at the completion of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 48. The method of claim 31, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs near contemporaneously to the latest acquisition of said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 49. The method of claim 31, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs after the completion of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 50. The method of claim 31, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs in real time.
  - 51. The method of claim 31, wherein said evaluation comprises:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a short term change in metabolic demand.
  - 52. The method of claim 51, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 53. The method of claim 51, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 54. The method of claim 51, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 55. The method of claim 51, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity:
  - 56. The method of claim 31, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 57. The method of claim 31, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating quantitative measures of short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity;
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 58. The method of claim 57, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprises calculating:
  - 59. The method of claim 31, wherein said evaluation comprises:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a long-term change in metabolic demand.
  - 60. The method of claim 59, wherein said effects are evaluated about at least 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 61. The method of claim 59, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 62. The method of claim 59, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 63. The method of claim 59, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 64. The method of claim 59, wherein said effects are evaluated about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 65. The method of claim 59, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of long term change in glucose demand and insulin action:
  - 66. The method of claim 31, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 67. The method of claim 31, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measures of long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity;
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 68. The method of claim 67, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprises calculating:
  - 69. The method of claim 31, wherein said evaluation comprises:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a change in metabolic demand.
  - 70. The method of claim 69, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 71. The method of claim 69, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 72. The method of claim 69, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 73. The method of claim 69, wherein said effects are evaluated about at least 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 74. The method of claim 69, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 75. The method of claim 69, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 76. The method of claim 69, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 77. The method of claim 69, wherein said effects are evaluated about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 78. The method of claim 69, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of short-term change and said quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity:
  - 79. The method of claim 31, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of said long-term changes and said short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 80. The method of claim 31, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of short-term changes and long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity;
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 81. The method of claim 80, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprises calculating:

82. A system for detecting physical activity of a patient and its effects on metabolic demand of the metabolic system of said patient, said system comprises:
- a processor programmed to;
  
  detect onset of the physical activity of the patient using changes in heart rate data; and
  
  evaluate effects of physical activity on glucose demand of the metabolic system of said patient, wherein said evaluation is determined by the following steps;
  
  calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
  
  calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
  
  calculating a short term change in metabolic demand.
- View Dependent Claims (83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111)
- - 83. The system of claim 82, further comprising:
    - an acquisition module acquiring glucose data and an acquisition module acquiring heart rate data.
  - 84. The system of claim 83, wherein said detection of physical activity comprising:
    - transforming said heart rate data;
      
      computing an index to detect physical activity based on results of said transformation; and
      
      detecting physical activity using said index and said heart rate data.
  - 85. The system of claim 84, wherein said index is calculated as:
  - 86. The system of claim 83, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said heart rate data is acquired frequently.
  - 87. The system of claim 83, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 1 minute.
  - 88. The system of claim 83, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 10 minutes.
  - 89. The system of claim 83, wherein said glucose data is acquired frequently.
  - 90. The system of claim 83, wherein said glucose data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 15 minutes.
  - 91. The system of claim 82, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 92. The system of claim 82, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 93. The system of claim 82, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 2 hour after physical activity.
  - 94. The system of claim 82, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of short term change in glucose demand:
  - 95. The system of claim 82, wherein said evaluation comprises:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a long term change in metabolic demand.
  - 96. The system of claim 95, wherein said effects are evaluated at least about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 97. The system of claim 95, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 98. The system of claim 95, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 99. The system of claim 95, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 100. The system of claim 95, wherein said effects are evaluated during and at least about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 101. The system of claim 95, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of long term change in insulin action:
  - 102. The system of claim 82, wherein said evaluation comprises:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a change in metabolic demand.
  - 103. The system of claim 102, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 104. The system of claim 102, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 105. The system of claim 102, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 2 hour after physical activity.
  - 106. The system of claim 102, wherein said effects are evaluated at least about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 107. The system of claim 102, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 108. The system of claim 102, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 109. The system of claim 102, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 110. The system of claim 102, wherein said effects are evaluated about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 111. The system of claim 102, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of short-term change and long-term change in glucose demand:

112. A system for detecting physical activity of a patient and its effects on metabolic demand of the metabolic system of said patient, said system comprising:
- an acquisition module acquiring glucose data, insulin delivery data and heart rate data;
  
  a processor programmed to;
  
  detect onset of the physical activity using changes in heart rate data;
  
  evaluate changes in insulin sensitivity and glucose demand of the metabolic system of the patient due to the physical activity; and
  
  indicate recommendations of insulin dosing.
- View Dependent Claims (113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162)
- - 113. The system of claim 112, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs at the completion of acquiring said heart rate data.
  - 114. The system of claim 112, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs near contemporaneously to the latest acquisition of said heart rate data.
  - 115. The system of claim 112, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs after the completion of acquiring said heart rate data.
  - 116. The system of claim 112, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs in real time.
  - 117. The system of claim 112, wherein said detection of physical activity comprising:
    - transforming said heart rate data;
      
      computing an index to detect physical activity based on results of said transformation; and
      
      detecting physical activity using said index and said heart rate data.
  - 118. The system of claim 117, wherein said index is calculated as:
  - 119. The system of claim 112, wherein said glucose data is continuous.
  - 120. The system of claim 112, wherein said heart rate data is acquired frequently.
  - 121. The system of claim 112, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to 1 minute.
  - 122. The system of claim 112, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 10 minutes.
  - 123. The system of claim 112, wherein said glucose data is acquired frequently.
  - 124. The system of claim 112, wherein said glucose data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to 15 minutes.
  - 125. The system of claim 112, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs about 24 hours of acquisition of said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 126. The system of claim 112, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs within about 12 hours of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin said delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 127. The system of claim 112, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs within about 6 hours of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 128. The system of claim 112, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs at the completion of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 129. The system of claim 112, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs near contemporaneously to the latest acquisition of said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 130. The system of claim 112, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs after the completion of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 131. The system of claim 112, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs in real time.
  - 132. The system of claim 112, wherein said evaluation comprises:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a short term change in metabolic demand.
  - 133. The system of claim 132, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 134. The system of claim 132, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 135. The system of claim 132, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 136. The system of claim 132, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity:
  - 137. The system of claim 112, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 138. The system of claim 112, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating quantitative measures of short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity; and
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription for an insulin delivery system to;
      
      reduce basal pump rate and reduce insulin bolus.
  - 139. The system of claim 138, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprises calculating:
  - 140. The system of claim 112, wherein said evaluation comprises:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a long-term change in metabolic demand.
  - 141. The system of claim 140, wherein said effects are evaluated to about at least 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 142. The system of claim 140, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 143. The system of claim 140, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 144. The system of claim 140, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 145. The system of claim 140, wherein said effects are evaluated about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 146. The system of claim 140, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of long term change in glucose demand and insulin action:
  - 147. The system of claim 112, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 148. The system of claim 112, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measures of long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity; and
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription for an insulin delivery system to;
      
      reduce basal pump rate and reduce insulin bolus.
  - 149. The system of claim 148, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprises calculating:
  - 150. The system of claim 112, wherein said evaluation comprises:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a change in metabolic demand.
  - 151. The system of claim 150, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 152. The system of claim 150, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 153. The system of claim 150, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 154. The system of claim 150, wherein said effects are evaluated about at least 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 155. The system of claim 150, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 156. The system of claim 150, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 157. The system of claim 150, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 158. The system of claim 150, wherein said effects are evaluated about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 159. The system of claim 150, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of short-term change and said quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity:
  - 160. The system of claim 112, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of said long-term changes and said short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 161. The system of claim 112, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measures of short-term changes and long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity; and
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription for an insulin delivery system to;
      
      reduce basal pump rate and reduce insulin bolus.
  - 162. The system of claim 161, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprises calculating:

163. A computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer readable medium having computer executable instructions for detecting physical activity of a patient and its effects on metabolic demand of the metabolic system of said patient, said computer executable instructions comprising instructions for:
- detecting onset of the physical activity using changes in heart rate data;
  
  evaluating effects of physical activity on glucose demand of the metabolic system of the patient, wherein said evaluation is determined by the following steps;
  
  calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
  
  calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
  
  calculating a short term change in glucose demand.
- View Dependent Claims (164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192)
- - 164. The computer program product of claim 163, further comprising:
    - acquiring glucose data and heart rate data.
  - 165. The computer program product of claim 164, wherein said detection of physical activity comprising:
    - transforming said heart rate data;
      
      computing an index to detect physical activity based on results of said transformation; and
      
      detecting physical activity using said index and said heart rate data.
  - 166. The computer program product of claim 165, wherein said index is calculated as:
  - 167. The computer program product of claim 164, wherein said heart rate data is acquired frequently.
  - 168. The computer program product of claim 164, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 1 minute.
  - 169. The computer program product of claim 164, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 10 minutes.
  - 170. The computer program product of claim 164, wherein said glucose data is acquired frequently.
  - 171. The computer program product of claim 164, wherein said glucose data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 15 minutes.
  - 172. The computer program product of claim 163, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 173. The computer program product of claim 163, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 174. The computer program product of claim 163, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 175. The computer program product of claim 163, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of short term change in glucose demand:
  - 176. The computer program product of claim 163, wherein said evaluation comprises:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a long term change in metabolic demand.
  - 177. The computer program product of claim 176, wherein said effects are evaluated at least about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 178. The computer program product of claim 176, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 179. The computer program product of claim 176, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 180. The computer program product of claim 176, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 181. The computer program product of claim 176, wherein said effects are evaluated during and at least about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 182. The computer program product of claim 176, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of long term change in insulin action:
  - 183. The computer program product of claim 163, wherein said evaluation comprises:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a change in metabolic demand.
  - 184. The computer program product of claim 183, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 185. The computer program product of claim 183, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 186. The computer program product of claim 183, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 187. The computer program product of claim 183, wherein said effects are evaluated at least about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 188. The computer program product of claim 183, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 189. The computer program product of claim 183, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 190. The computer program product of claim 183, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 191. The computer program product of claim 183, wherein said effects are evaluated about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 192. The computer program product of claim 183, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of short-term change and long-term change in glucose demand:

193. A computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer readable medium having computer executable instructions for detecting physical activity and its effects on metabolic demand, said computer executable instructions comprising instructions for:
- acquiring glucose data, insulin delivery data and heart rate data;
  
  detecting onset of the physical activity using changes in heart rate data;
  
  evaluating changes in insulin sensitivity and glucose demand due to the physical activity; and
  
  indicating recommendations of insulin dosing.
- View Dependent Claims (194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243)
- - 194. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs at the completion of acquiring said heart rate data.
  - 195. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs near contemporaneously to the latest acquisition of said heart rate data.
  - 196. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs after the completion of acquiring said heart rate data.
  - 197. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said detection of onset of physical activity occurs in real time.
  - 198. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said detection of physical activity comprising:
    - transforming said heart rate data;
      
      computing an index to detect physical activity based on results of said transformation; and
      
      detecting physical activity using said index and said heart rate data.
  - 199. The computer program product of claim 198, wherein said index is calculated as:
  - 200. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said glucose data is continuous.
  - 201. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said heart rate data is acquired frequently.
  - 202. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to 1 minute.
  - 203. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said heart rate data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to about 10 minutes.
  - 204. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said glucose data is acquired frequently.
  - 205. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said glucose data is acquired with a sampling period less than or equal to 15 minutes.
  - 206. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs about 24 hours of acquisition of said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 207. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs within about 12 hours of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin said delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 208. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said indicating recommendations insulin dosing occurs within about 6 hours of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 209. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs at the completion of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 210. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs near contemporaneously to the latest acquisition of said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 211. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs after the completion of acquiring said heart rate data, said insulin delivery data, and said glucose data.
  - 212. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said indicating recommendations of insulin dosing occurs in real time.
  - 213. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said evaluation comprises:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a short term change in metabolic demand.
  - 214. The computer program product of claim 213, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 215. The computer program product of claim 213, wherein said effects are evaluated during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 216. The computer program product of claim 213, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 217. The computer program product of claim 213, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity:
  - 218. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 219. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating quantitative measures of short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity;
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 220. The computer program product of claim 219, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprises calculating:
  - 221. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a long-term change in metabolic demand.
  - 222. The computer program product of claim 221, wherein said effects are evaluated about at least 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 223. The computer program product of claim 221, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 224. The computer program product of claim 221, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 225. The computer program product of claim 221, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 226. The computer program product of claim 221, wherein said effects are evaluated about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 227. The computer program product of claim 221, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of long term change in glucose demand and insulin action:
  - 228. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 229. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measures of long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity;
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 230. The computer program product of claim 229, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprises calculating:
  - 231. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said evaluation comprising:
    - calculating deviations of heart rate values and blood glucose values from basal heart rate values and basal blood glucose values;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of short-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity;
      
      calculating a quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to said physical activity; and
      
      calculating a change in metabolic demand.
  - 232. The computer program product of claim 231, wherein said short term effects correspond to within about 1 hour after physical activity.
  - 233. The computer program product of claim 231, wherein said short term effects correspond to during and within about 15 minutes after physical activity.
  - 234. The computer program product of claim 231, wherein said short term effects correspond to within about 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 235. The computer program product of claim 231, wherein said effects are evaluated about at least 2 hours after physical activity.
  - 236. The computer program product of claim 231, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 6 hours after physical activity.
  - 237. The computer program product of claim 231, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 12 hours after physical activity.
  - 238. The computer program product of claim 231, wherein said effects are evaluated within about 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 239. The computer program product of claim 231, wherein said effects are evaluated about at least 24 hours after physical activity.
  - 240. The computer program product of claim 231, wherein the following equations are used in the calculation of said quantitative measure of short-term change and said quantitative measure of long-term change in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity:
  - 241. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measure of said long-term changes and said short-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity due to physical activity;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 242. The computer program product of claim 193, wherein said recommendations of insulin dosing comprising one or more of the following:
    - calculating a quantitative measures of short-term changes and long-term changes in glucose demand and insulin sensitivity;
      
      adapting a closed loop insulin prescription;
      
      reducing basal pump rate; and
      
      reducing insulin bolus.
  - 243. The computer program product of claim 242, wherein said adaptation of closed loop insulin prescription comprises calculating:

Specification

Resources

Litigation Campaign Assessment

Current Assignee
University of Virginia Patent Foundation (University of Virginia)
Original Assignee
University of Virginia Patent Foundation (University of Virginia)
Inventors
Kovatchev, Boris P., Breton, Marc D.
Primary Examiner(s)
D'ANGELO, MICHAEL J

Application Number

US12/516,044
Publication Number

US 20100057043A1
Time in Patent Office

2,184 Days
Field of Search

600/309, 600/316, 600345-347, 600/365, 600300-301, 435/4, 435/14, 436/68, 422/50, 422420-429, 20440301-40315, 702/23, 604 64- 66, 604/48, 604500-504
US Class Current

600/365
CPC Class Codes

A61B 5/024   Detecting, measuring or rec...

A61B 5/14532   for measuring glucose, e.g....

A61B 5/222   combined with detection or ...

A61B 5/4839   combined with drug delivery

A61B 5/4866   Evaluating metabolism A61B5...

G16H 20/17   delivered via infusion or i...

G16H 40/67   for remote operation

G16H 50/50   for simulation or modelling...

Method, system, and computer program product for the detection of physical activity by changes in heart rate, assessment of fast changing metabolic states, and applications of closed and open control loop in diabetes

First Claim

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Abstract

40 Citations

243 Claims

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Method, system, and computer program product for the detection of physical activity by changes in heart rate, assessment of fast changing metabolic states, and applications of closed and open control loop in diabetes

First Claim

3 Assignments

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0 Petitions

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Accused Products

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Abstract

40 Citations

243 Claims

Specification

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