Low AC resistance conductor designs

• US 20120280765A1
• Filed: 12/16/2009
• Published: 11/08/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 09/27/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: WiTricity Corporation
• Original Assignee: WiTricity Corporation
• Inventors: Kurs, Andre B., Karalis, Aristeidis, Kesler, Morris P., Campanella, Andrew J., Hall, Katherine L., Kulikowski, Konrad J., Soljacic, Marin
• Granted Patent: US 8,410,636 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 333/175
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/26 Rail vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/124 Detection or removal of foreign bodies
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/36 by positioning the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/38 specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/63 in response to network capacity
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/64 Optimising energy costs, e.g. responding to electricity rates
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 38/14 Inductive couplings for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling H02J50/10
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 5/003 Printed circuit coils
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/005 Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/15 using ultrasonic waves
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/30 using light, e.g. lasers
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/50 using additional energy repeaters between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/70 involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H03H 7/40 Automatic matching of load impedance to source impedance
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 : Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

Described herein are improved configurations for providing a stranded printed circuit board trace comprising, a plurality of conductor layers, a plurality of individual conductor traces on each of the said conductor layers, and a plurality of vias for connecting individual conductor traces on different said conductor layers, the vias located on the outside edges of the stranded trace. The individual conductor traces of each layer may be routed from vias on one side of the stranded printed circuit board trace to vias on the other side in a substantially diagonal direction with respect to the axis of the stranded printed circuit board trace. In embodiments, the stranded printed circuit board trace configuration may be applied to a wireless power transfer system.

Claims

1. A device comprising:

a plurality of conductor layers arranged into a printed circuit board;

a plurality of individual conductor traces on each one of the plurality of conductor layers; and

a plurality of vias that connect individual ones of the plurality of conductor traces on different ones of the plurality of conductor layers into a stranded trace, the plurality of vias located on one or more outside edges of the stranded trace;

wherein the plurality of individual conductor traces on each layer are routed from a first group of the plurality of vias on a first edge of the stranded trace in a plane of the printed circuit board to a second group of the plurality of vias on a second edge of the stranded trace in a plane of the printed circuit board in a substantially diagonal direction with respect to the first edge of the stranded trace.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of conductor layers is an even number of conductor layers.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein two or more of the plurality of conductor layers are separated by an insulating layer.

4. The device of claim 3, wherein each one of the plurality of vias connects at least two of the plurality of conductor layers.

5. The device of claim 4, wherein the plurality of individual conductor traces on at least one of the plurality of conductor layers each connect two different ones of the plurality of vias.

6. The device of claim 5, wherein each one of the plurality of individual conductor traces on each one of the plurality of conductor layers is substantially parallel to each other one of the plurality of individual conductor traces on that one of the plurality of conductor layers.

7. The device of claim 6, wherein each one of the plurality of individual conductor traces on each one of the plurality of conductor layers is orthogonal to each one of the plurality of the individual conductor traces on an adjacent one of the plurality of conductor layers.

8. The device of claim 7, wherein the vias are through vias.

9. The device of claim 1, wherein the stranded trace is shaped to form at least one loop.

10. The device of claim 9, further comprising a network of electrical components coupled to the plurality of individual conductor traces.

11. The device of claim 10, wherein the network of electrical components includes at least one of an inductor and a capacitor.

12. The device of claim 11, wherein the at least one loop and the network of electrical components form a magnetic resonator.

13. The device of claim 12, wherein a quality factor of the resonator is at least one hundred.

14. The device of claim 12, wherein the stranded trace is a part of a wireless power transfer system.

15. A magnetic resonator comprising:

a plurality of conductor layers in a printed circuit board with a plurality of conductor traces on each one of the plurality of conductor layers;

a plurality of vias that connect different ones of the plurality of conductor traces on different ones of the plurality of conductor layers; and

a network of electrical components coupled to the plurality of conductor traces;

wherein the plurality of conductor traces are routed between said vias to braid the plurality of conductor traces into a predetermined pattern of overlapping conductor traces, wherein the predetermined pattern is formed into at least one loop.

16. The magnetic resonator of claim 15, wherein the network of electrical components includes one or more capacitors.

17. The magnetic resonator of claim 16, wherein at least one of the one or more capacitors is a variable capacitor.

18. The magnetic resonator of claim 15, wherein the network of electrical components includes one or more inductors.

19. The magnetic resonator of claim 15, further comprising a magnetic core located on one side of the printed circuit board.

20. The magnetic resonator of claim 15, further comprising a magnetic core, wherein the plurality of conductor traces spiral around the magnetic core.

21. The magnetic resonator of claim 15, wherein the network of electrical components is integrated into the printed circuit board.

22. The magnetic resonator of claim 15, wherein the magnetic resonator has a resonant frequency of less than 1 GHz.

23. The magnetic resonator of claim 22, further comprising a power source coupled to the magnetic resonator, the power source adapted to drive the magnetic resonator at substantially the resonant frequency.

24. The magnetic resonator of claim 23, wherein the magnetic resonator is a component of a wireless power transfer system.

25. The magnetic resonator of claim 24, wherein the magnetic resonator has a quality factor larger than one hundred.

26. The magnetic resonator of claim 15, wherein the plurality of conductor traces have one or more physical dimensions selected to optimize a quality factor of the resonator.

27. A stranded conductor coil comprising:

a plurality of conductor layers in a printed circuit board;

a plurality of conductor traces on each one of the plurality of conductor layers; and

a plurality of vias arranged into two or more rows of vias that connect conductor traces on different ones of the plurality of conductor layers to form a first stranded conductor and a second stranded conductor, wherein at least one of the plurality of conductor traces has a path that is substantially diagonal to at least one of the two or more rows of vias, and wherein the first stranded conductor and the second stranded conductor share an area bounded by one of the two or more rows of vias on one of the plurality of conductor layers.

28. The stranded conductor of claim 27 wherein the path is substantially diagonal to an edge of the printed circuit board.

29. The stranded conductor of claim 27 wherein all of the conductor traces in at least one of the first stranded conductor and the second stranded are substantially diagonal to at least one of the two or more rows of vias.