The Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB) had an eventful April, capped by two US Supreme Court decisions addressing inter partes review (IPR). While the Court found IPR constitutional in Oil States Energy Services, in its companion decision in SAS Institute, the Court also barred the PTAB’s practice of instituting trial as to a subset of the challenged claims (partial institution decisions). As a result, since those April 24 opinions, the PTAB has begun to institute trial for all challenged claims for IPR petitions where the petitioner is likely to prevail as to at least one claim (and for all petitioned grounds, a practice not required by SAS Institute). Among the affected IPRs instituted in late April were two against Lone Star Silicon Innovations LLC, while the PTAB saw IPR petitions filed in April against Oyster Optics, LLC and Uniloc Corporation Pty. Limited. The Board also issued final decisions throughout April in IPRs against ChriMar Systems, Inc.; Global Equity Management (SA) Pty. Ltd.; Papst Licensing GmbH & Company Kg; Skky, Inc.; and Uniloc.

The Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB) saw 54 petitions for AIA review brought against NPEs in May, up from 20 such petitions filed in April. May PTAB filings included a resurgence in petitions against publicly traded NPEs, including Acacia Research Corporation; Pendrell Corporation; Quest Patent Research Corporation; VoIP-Pal.com, Inc.; Xperi Corporation (f/k/a Tessera Holding Corporation); and Wi-LAN Inc. (WiLAN) (which was renamed to Quarterhill Inc. on June 1). A variety of private litigants were also hit by PTAB petitions in May, including Blackbird Tech LLC, Global Equity Management (SA) Pty. Ltd., General Patent Corporation, Realtime Data LLC, and Uniloc Corporation Pty. Limited.

A spate of recent transfers out of the Eastern District of Texas in cases brought there by NPEs include a failed motion for a writ of mandamus from the Federal Circuit seeking to reverse a transfer, a successful motion for a writ ordering a transfer, an NPE throwing in the towel by agreeing to transfer, and several follow-on successful motions to change venue, typically to the Northern District of California. All of these transfers out of Texas have occurred as the US Supreme Court considers whether to limit in which judicial districts patent infringement actions can be brought; the Court heard arguments in the TC Heartland case in late March, with a decision expected in the coming weeks.

Less than two weeks after Alibaba, The Priceline Group (Booking.com), and eBay filed petitions for inter partes review (IPR) challenging Global Equity Management (SA) Pty. Ltd.’s (GEMSA’s) two patents-in-campaign, the NPE has sued Alibaba for a second time (2:16-cv-01074). As in all of GEMSA’s previous cases, which now total over 35, the NPE’s infringement allegations focus on the graphical user interface (GUI) of the defendant’s website.

Five days after Amazon and its VADATA subsidiary filed a declaratory judgment action against Global Equity Management (SA) Pty. Ltd. (GEMSA), the Australia-based NPE added them as defendants to its graphical user interfaces (GUIs) campaign. GEMSA’s complaint against Amazon (2:16-cv-00823) accuses the company of infringing two patents (6,690,400; 7,356,677) through its websites and use of Amazon Web Services (AWS). The ‘400 patent generally relates to a GUI for controlling a hypervisor, and the ‘677 patent generally concerns switching quickly between two operating systems using a suspend mode different from the power-save suspend. Nearly 30 companies have been hit by GEMSA’s campaign so far, including the following AWS customers: AdRoll, Artek Surfin, Ericsson, General Electric, Hitachi, Johnson & Johnson, Live Nation Entertainment (d/b/a Ticketmaster), McGraw Hill Financial (d/b/a S&P), NASDAQ, Netflix, Nokia (Alcatel-Lucent), Philips, SAP, Siemens, Spotify, Ticketleap.com, TripAdvisor, UBER, Zillow, and Zynga.

Global Equity Management (SA) Pt. Ltd. (GEMSA) filed twenty new cases on June 14, bringing the total defendant count in the NPE’s sole litigation campaign to 27. As in GEMSA’s previous 15 cases, this week’s complaints accuse the defendants—including Ericsson, General Electric Company, Netflix, Nokia (Alcatel-Lucent), Philips, SAP, Siemens AG, Spotify, UBER, Zillow, and Zynga—of infringement through the graphical user interfaces (GUIs) of their websites. GEMSA asserts two patents: one generally relates to a GUI for controlling a hypervisor (6,690,400), while the other generally concerns switching quickly between two operating systems using a suspend mode different from the power-save suspend (7,356,677). The most recent complaints assert both patents, but in the earlier cases, the ‘677 patent was added by amended complaint.

On January 29, 2016, Global Equity Management (SA) Pty. Ltd. (GEMSA) tripled the size of its sole litigation campaign, suing eBay (2:16-cv-00098), Hipmunk (2:16-cv-00104), TripAdvisor (2:16-cv-00103), and Expedia (2:16-cv-00095) over a graphical user interface (GUI) patent (6,690,400). Expedia was sued individually and also paired as a co-defendant in complaints against six of its subsidiaries: Expedia CruiseShipCenters (2:16-cv-00097), Hotels.com (2:16-cv-00096), Hotwire (2:16-cv-00102), Orbitz (2:16-cv-00101), Travelocity (2:16-cv-00099), and Trivago (2:16-cv-00100). As in its initial round of suits, filed in October 2015, against Alibaba, Airbnb, and several Priceline Group websites, GEMSA accuses the new defendants of directly infringing the ‘400 patent through their websites and of inducing customers to infringe through those websites’ interfaces.

What appears to be an inventor-controlled NPE in Australia has filed its first infringement suits to date, accusing Alibaba (2:15-cv-01702), Airbnb (2:15-cv-01700), and several Priceline Group websites of infringing a single graphical user interface (GUI) patent (6,690,400). In five separate complaints, Global Equity Management (SA) Pty. Ltd. (GEMSA) accuses the defendants of directly infringing the ‘400 patent through their websites and of inducing customers to infringe through those websites’ interfaces. The three suits against The Priceline Group pair the defendant with subsidiaries Booking.com (2:15-cv-01703), Kayak.com (2:15-cv-01704), and Priceline.com (2:15-cv-01705). These cases are the first to assert the patent-in-suit.